Cited by 1,472Vitamin D Research StudiesBone health and osteoporosis researchVitamin K Research Studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 158 of the 158 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Global vitamin D status and determinants of hypovitaminosis D

Open access

on behalf of the IOF Committee of Scientific Advisors (CSA) Nutrition Working Group, Mithal, A., Wahl, D. A., Bonjour, J.-P., Burckhardt, P., Dawson-Hughes, B., Eisman, J. A., El-Hajj Fuleihan, G., Josse, R. G., Lips, P., Morales-Torres, J.·2009·Osteoporosis International

DOI 10.1007/s00198-009-0954-6

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

Unlabelled This review describes the vitamin D status in different regions of the world with the objective of understanding the scope of hypovitaminosis D and the factors related to its prevalence that may contribute to the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and fragility fractures.Introduction Vitamin D status has been linked to the pathogenesis of hip fractures as well as other skeletal and non-skeletal disorders. The purpose of this review is to provide a global perspective of vitamin D status across different regions of the world and to identify the common and significant determinants of hypovitaminosis D.Methods Six regions of the world were reviewed-Asia, Europe, Middle East and Africa, Latin America, North America, and Oceania-through a survey of published literature.Results The definition of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency, as well as assay methodology for 25-hydroxyvitamin D or 25(OH)D, vary between studies. However, serum 25(OH)D levels below 75 nmol/L are prevalent in every region studied whilst levels below 25 nmol/L are most common in regions such as South Asia and the Middle East. Older age, female sex, higher latitude, winter season, darker skin pigmentation, less sunlight exposure, dietary habits, and absence of vitamin D fortification are the main factors that are significantly associated with lower 25(OH)D levels.Conclusion Reports from across the world indicate that hypovitaminosis D is widespread and is re-emerging as a major health problem globally.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1007/s00198-009-0954-6

Cites

158 of 158 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Vitamin D deficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism in the elderly: consequences for bone loss and fractures and therapeutic implications.
Lips, P. (2001) · Endocrine reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv.22.4.0437 · Cited by 2,203
Self-citation
Estimates of optimal vitamin D status
Dawson‐Hughes, B., Heaney, R. P., Holick, M. F., Lips, P. T. A. M., Meunier, P. J., & Vieth, R. (2005) · Osteoporosis International · doi:10.1007/s00198-005-1867-7 · Cited by 1,852
Self-citation
Influence of Season and Latitude on the Cutaneous Synthesis of Vitamin D 3 : Exposure to Winter Sunlight in Boston and Edmonton Will Not Promote Vitamin D 3 Synthesis in Human Skin*
Webb, A. R., KLINE, L., & Holick, M. F. (1988) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-67-2-373 · Cited by 1,661
Aging decreases the capacity of human skin to produce vitamin D3.
MacLaughlin, J. A., & Holick, M. F. (1985) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci112134 · Cited by 1,442
Prevalence of Vitamin D Insufficiency in an Adult Normal Population
Chapuy, M. C., Preziosi, P., Maamer, M., Arnaud, S. B., Galan, P., Herçberg, S., & Meunier, P. J. (1997) · Osteoporosis International · doi:10.1007/s001980050030 · Cited by 1,438
Hypovitaminosis D in Medical Inpatients
Thomas, M. K., Lloyd‐Jones, D. M., Thadhani, R., Shaw, A. C., Deraska, D. J., Kitch, B. T., Vamvakas, E. C., Dick, I. M., Prince, R. L., & Finkelstein, J. S. (1998) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199803193381201 · Cited by 1,436
INCREASED SKIN PIGMENT REDUCES THE CAPACITY OF SKIN TO SYNTHESISE VITAMIN D3
Clemens, T. L., Henderson, S. L., Adams, J. S., & Holick, M. F. (1982) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(82)90214-8 · Cited by 1,166
Bone and Mineral Research
(1990) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/c2009-0-34738-8 · Cited by 1,073
Prevalence of Vitamin D Inadequacy among Postmenopausal North American Women Receiving Osteoporosis Therapy
Holick, M. F., Siris, E. S., Binkley, N., Beard, M. K., Khan, A., Katzer, J. T., Petruschke, R. A., Chen, E., & de Papp, A. E. (2005) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2004-2364 · Cited by 886
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status of adolescents and adults in two seasonal subpopulations from NHANES III
Looker, A. C., Dawson‐Hughes, B., Calvo, M. S., Gunter, E. W., & Sahyoun, N. R. (2002) · Bone · doi:10.1016/s8756-3282(02)00692-0 · Cited by 801
Self-citation

Show all 156 references

Research works printed but not linked: 4

Rodrigo MD (2007) Peak bone mass measured by phalangeal BMD and its association with nutritional status, socioeconomics status and physical activity: a community based cross sectional study in Galle district, Sri Lanka. In: Extract from PHD thesis (in press)
Foo LH, Zhang Q, Zhu K et al (2005) Vitamin D status and its relationship with bone mass in healthy adolescent girls in China. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 14:S40
Quintana Duque MA, Toro CE, Restrepo JF et al (2007) Vitamina D en America Latina. Rev Metab Óseo Miner 5:403–410
Elizondo-Alanís JR, Espinoza-Zamora JR, Zayas-Jaime SJ (2006) Serum levels of vitamin D in healthy postmenopausal women at 4 cities in Mexico. Rev Metab Óseo Miner 4:389–398

Sorted by citations

Items 201–300 of 1,000

The importance of vitamin D in maternal and child health: a global perspective
Fiscaletti, M., Stewart, P., & Munns, C. F. (2017) · Public health reviews · doi:10.1186/s40985-017-0066-3 · Cited by 73
Meta-Analysis of Long-Term Vitamin D Supplementation on Overall Mortality
Zheng, Y., Zhu, J., Zhou, M., Cui, L., Yao, W., & Liu, Y. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0082109 · Cited by 71
Longitudinal Associations Between Vitamin D Metabolites and Sarcopenia in Older Australian men: The Concord Health and Aging in Men Project
Hirani, V., Cumming, R. G., Naganathan, V., Blyth, F., Couteur, D. G. L., Hsu, B., Handelsman, D. J., Waite, L. M., & Seibel, M. J. (2017) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glx086 · Cited by 71
Recommendations on the measurement and the clinical use of vitamin D metabolites and vitamin D binding protein – A position paper from the IFCC Committee on bone metabolism
Makris, K., Bhattoa, H. P., Cavalier, E., Phinney, K. W., Sempos, C. T., Ulmer, C. Z., Vasikaran, S. D., Vesper, H. W., & Heijboer, A. C. (2021) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.cca.2021.03.002 · Cited by 70
Circadian Rhythm and Cartilage Extracellular Matrix Genes in Osseointegration: A Genome-Wide Screening of Implant Failure by Vitamin D Deficiency
Mengatto, C. M., Mussano, F. D., Honda, Y., Colwell, C. S., & Nishimura, I. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0015848 · Cited by 70
Prevalence of Vitamin D Insufficiency in Qatar: A Systematic Review
Badawi, A. F., Arora, P., Sadoun, E., Al-Thani, A.-A., & Thani, M. H. A. (2012) · Journal of Public Health Research · doi:10.4081/jphr.2012.e36 · Cited by 70
Changes in vitamin D endocrinology during aging in adults
de Jongh, R. T., van Schoor, N. M., & Lips, P. T. A. M. (2017) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2017.06.005 · Cited by 76
Self-citation
Obstacles in the Optimization of Bone Health Outcomes in the Female Athlete Triad
Ducher, G., Turner, A. I., Kukuljan, S., Pantano, K. J., Carlson, J. L., Williams, N. I., & Souza, M. J. D. (2011) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/11588770-000000000-00000 · Cited by 71
Vitamin D Status in South Asian Populations – Risks and Opportunities
Akhtar, S. (2015) · Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/10408398.2013.807419 · Cited by 70
“The third major review by Mithal et al. (2009) precisely depicted the global prevalence of vitamin D, covering Asia, Europe, Latin America, Middle East/Africa, North America, and Oceania, and thoroughly discussed the variability in prevalence of vitamin D deficiency with respect to age, gender,…”
BackgroundInfluential
Atopic dermatitis and vitamin D: facts and controversies
Mesquita, K. D. C., Igreja, A. C. D. S. M., & Costa, I. M. C. (2013) · Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia · doi:10.1590/abd1806-4841.20132660 · Cited by 72
Prevalence and Predictors of Subclinical Micronutrient Deficiency in German Older Adults: Results from the Population-Based KORA-Age Study
Conzade, R., Köenig, W., Heier, M., Schneider, A. L. C., Grill, E., Peters, A., & Thorand, B. (2017) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu9121276 · Cited by 71
“It is well known that micronutrient inadequacies increase beyond 65 years [37,48], and even more in octogenarians and older [15,42].”
BackgroundResult
Vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy
Kalra, S., & Mithal, A. (2014) · Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.4103/2230-8210.139204 · Cited by 68
Self-citation
Association Between Headache and Serum 25‐Hydroxyvitamin D; the Tromsø Study: Tromsø 6
Kjærgaard, M., Eggen, A. E., Mathiesen, E. B., & Jorde, R. (2012) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2012.02250.x · Cited by 68
Future perspectives in addressing the global issue of vitamin D deficiency
Mendes, M. M., Charlton, K. E., Thakur, S., Ribeiro, H., & Lanham-New, S. A. (2020) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1017/s0029665119001538 · Cited by 67
“Over the past three decades, the increasing prevalence of inadequate vitamin D status has been reported in different populations worldwide (3,5,21 – 23) .”
Decreased bone mineral density in young adult IgE-mediated cow's milk–allergic patients
Nachshon, L., Goldberg, M. R., Schwartz, N., Sinai, T., Amitzur-Levy, R., Elizur, A., Eisenberg, E., & Katz, Y. (2014) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2014.06.026 · Cited by 67
Colorimetric Aptasensor of Vitamin D3: A Novel Approach to Eliminate Residual Adhesion between Aptamers and Gold Nanoparticles
Alsager, O. A., Alotaibi, K. M., Alswieleh, A. M., & Alyamani, B. J. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-31221-y · Cited by 67
Clothing preference affects vitamin D status of young women
Büyükuslu, N., Esin, K., Güldemir, H. H., Sunal, N., Yi̇ği̇t, P., & Garıpağaoğlu, M. (2014) · Nutrition Research · doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2014.07.012 · Cited by 66
“In Muslim countries, women and children have a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency because of their clothing styles that prevent skin exposure to direct sunlight [15–19].”
BackgroundResult
Vitamin D and its role in allergic disease
Reinholz, M., Ruzicka, T., & Schauber, J. (2011) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2011.03923.x · Cited by 68
Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations and Depressive Symptoms among Young Adult Men and Women
Polak, M., Houghton, L. A., Reeder, A. I., Harper, M. J., & Conner, T. S. (2014) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu6114720 · Cited by 64
Epidemic Vitamin D Deficiency Among Patients in an Elderly Care Rehabilitation Facility
Schilling, S. (2012) · Deutsches Ärzteblatt international · doi:10.3238/arztebl.2012.0033 · Cited by 66
Lower vitamin D levels are associated with higher systemic lupus erythematosus activity, but not predictive of disease flare-up
Schoindre, Y., Jallouli, M., Tanguy, M., Ghillani‐Dalbin, P., Galicier, L., Aumaître, O., Francès, C., Guern, V. L., Lioté, F., Smaïl, A., et al. (2014) · Lupus Science & Medicine · doi:10.1136/lupus-2014-000027 · Cited by 69
Vitamin D status of schoolchildren in Northern Algeria, seasonal variations and determinants of vitamin D deficiency
Djennane, M., Lebbah, S., Roux, C., Djoudi, H., Cavalier, E., & Souberbielle, J. (2014) · Osteoporosis International · doi:10.1007/s00198-014-2623-7 · Cited by 65
“As highlighted in an extensive review of the vitamin D status in almost all regions of the world, data from Northern African countries are extremely scarce [23].”
Background
Impact of Vitamin D Supplementation on Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children
Elshorbagy, H. H., Barseem, N. F., Abdelghani, W. E., Suliman, H. A., Al-shokary, A. H., Abdulsamea, S. E., Elsadek, A. E., Maksoud, Y. H. A., & Din, D. M. N. E. (2018) · Annals of Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1177/1060028018759471 · Cited by 67
Independent association between air pollutants and vitamin D deficiency in young children in Isfahan, Iran
Kelishadi, R., Moeini, R., Poursafa, P., Farajian, S., Yousefy, H., & Okhovat, A. A. (2013) · Paediatrics and International Child Health · doi:10.1179/2046905513y.0000000080 · Cited by 65
Vitamin D in the Persian Gulf: Integrative Physiology and Socioeconomic Factors
Fields, J. C., Trivedi, N. J., Horton, E. S., & Mechanick, J. I. (2011) · Current Osteoporosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11914-011-0071-2 · Cited by 65
Vitamin D status and parathyroid hormone in a urban population in Vietnam
Ho-Pham, L. T., Nguyen, N. D., Lai, T., Eisman, J. A., & Nguyen, T. V. (2010) · Osteoporosis International · doi:10.1007/s00198-010-1207-4 · Cited by 66
Self-citation
A Review on the Role of Vitamin D in Asthma
Ali, N. S., & Nanji, K. (2017) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.1288 · Cited by 67
Vitamin D status is associated with underweight and stunting in children aged 6–36 months residing in the Ecuadorian Andes
Mokhtar, R., Holick, M. F., Sempértegui, F., Griffiths, J. K., Estrella, B., Moore, L. L., Fox, M. P., & Hamer, D. H. (2017) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980017002816 · Cited by 64
Vitamin D in Orthopaedics
Patton, C. M., Powell, A. P., & Patel, A. A. (2012) · Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons · doi:10.5435/jaaos-20-03-123 · Cited by 64
Role of Vitamin D in Cardiometabolic Diseases
Wang, C. (2013) · Journal of Diabetes Research · doi:10.1155/2013/243934 · Cited by 64
“It has been estimated that DHCC regulates more than 200 genes, directly or indirectly, thereby influencing a wide variety of physiological processes [3].”
Background
Increase of circulating cholesterol in vitamin D deficiency is linked to reduced vitamin D receptor activity via the Insig‐2/SREBP‐2 pathway
Li, S., He, Y., Lin, S., Hao, L., Ye, Y., Lv, L. L., Sun, Z., Fan, H., Shi, Z., Li, J., et al. (2015) · Molecular Nutrition & Food Research · doi:10.1002/mnfr.201500425 · Cited by 64
Vitamin-D measurement in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Balıoğlu, M. B., Aydın, C. G., Kargın, D., Albayrak, A., Atıcı, Y., Tas, S. K., & Kaygusuz, M. A. (2016) · Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics B · doi:10.1097/bpb.0000000000000320 · Cited by 64
Vitamin D and the critically ill patient
Amrein, K., & Venkatesh, B. (2011) · Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care · doi:10.1097/mco.0b013e32834f0027 · Cited by 63
Vitamin D Status in Migraine Patients: A Case-Control Study
Zandifar, A., Masjedi, S. S., Banihashemi, M., Asgari, F., Manouchehri, N., Ebrahimi, H., Haghdoost, F., & Saadatnia, M. (2014) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2014/514782 · Cited by 63
Vitamin D deficiency among healthy Egyptian females
Botros, R. M., Sabry, I. M., Baky, R. S. A. E., Eid, Y. M., Nasr, M. S., & Hendawy, L. M. A. (2015) · Endocrinología y Nutrición · doi:10.1016/j.endonu.2015.03.010 · Cited by 63
Role of vitamin D in arterial hypertension
Pilz, S., & Tomaschitz, A. (2010) · Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy · doi:10.1586/erc.10.142 · Cited by 61
Vitamin D Deficiency Among Children With Epilepsy in South Queensland
Fong, C. Y., & Riney, C. J. (2013) · Journal of Child Neurology · doi:10.1177/0883073812472256 · Cited by 65
Lifestyle-Related Metabolic Disorders, Osteoporosis, and Fracture Risk in Asia: A Systematic Review
Sugimoto, T., Sato, M., Dehle, F. C., Brnabic, A. J. M., Weston, A. R., & Burge, R. T. (2015) · Value in Health Regional Issues · doi:10.1016/j.vhri.2015.09.005 · Cited by 63
“[53] Mithal A, Wahl DA, Bonjour JP, et al.”
BackgroundInfluential
Vitamin D status and adult fracture healing
Gorter, E. A., Krijnen, P., & Schipper, I. B. (2016) · Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma · doi:10.1016/j.jcot.2016.09.003 · Cited by 63
Age but not gender modulates the relationship between PTH and vitamin D
Arabi, A., Baddoura, R., Rassi, R. E., & Fuleihan, G. E. (2010) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2010.05.002 · Cited by 62
Low Grip Strength is a Strong Risk Factor of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women
Li, Y., Zhuang, H., Cai, S., Lin, C., Wang, P., Yan, L., Lin, J., & Yu, H. (2018) · Orthopaedic Surgery · doi:10.1111/os.12360 · Cited by 62
Assessment of knowledge, attitudes and practice towards Vitamin D among university students in Pakistan
Tariq, A., Khan, S. R., & Basharat, A. (2020) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-020-8453-y · Cited by 69
The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among dark-skinned populations according to their stage of migration and region of birth: A meta-analysis
Martin, C., Gowda, U., & Renzaho, A. M. N. (2015) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2015.07.007 · Cited by 63
“increased clothing practices [20], such as the wearing of the burqa or sari, were”
Background
Increased vitamin D supplementation recommended during summer season in the gulf region: a counterintuitive seasonal effect in vitamin D levels in adult, overweight and obese Middle Eastern residents
Al‐Daghri, N. M., Al-Attas, O. S., Alokail, M. S., Alkharfy, K. M., El-Kholie, E. M., Yousef, M., Al-Othman, A. M., Al‐Saleh, Y., Sabico, S., Kumar, S., et al. (2011) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2011.04219.x · Cited by 61
Evaluating the Risk of a Fifth Metatarsal Stress Fracture by Measuring the Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels
Shimasaki, Y., Nagao, M., Miyamori, T., Aoba, Y., Fukushi, N., Saita, Y., Ikeda, H., Kim, S.-G., Nozawa, M., Kaneko, K., et al. (2015) · Foot & Ankle International · doi:10.1177/1071100715617042 · Cited by 61
“Mithal et al reviewed population-based reports regarding vitamin D status in 6 different regions in the world, and most studies used the serum 25-OHD level of 30 ng/mL as the cut-off in Asian regions.(17) Consequently, we defined <30 ng/ mL as vitamin D insufficiency.”
Background
Vitamin D in the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoarthritis: From Clinical Interventions to Cellular Evidence
Park, C. Y. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11020243 · Cited by 61
“Vitamin D insufficiency is a global nutrition challenge, especially for institutionalized older persons [2].”
Background
Association of Vitamin D Status and COVID-19-Related Hospitalization and Mortality
Seal, K. H., Bertenthal, D., Carey, E., Grünfeld, C., Bikle, D. D., & Lu, C. M. (2022) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-021-07170-0 · Cited by 60
“, non-Whiterace/ethnicity and poverty).(9,12,15,31) Some prior COVID-19-related observational studies and trials have failed to fully adjust for potential confounding, particularly race/ethnicity, owing to the lack of diversity in the populations studied.”
BackgroundInfluential
Epidemic of Vitamin D Deficiency and Its Management: Awareness among Indian Medical Undergraduates
Lhamo, Y., Chugh, P. K., Gautam, S., & Tripathi, C. D. (2017) · Journal of Environmental and Public Health · doi:10.1155/2017/2517207 · Cited by 59
Vitamin D Enhances Hematoma Clearance and Neurologic Recovery in Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Liu, J., Li, N., Zhu, Z., Kiang, K. M. Y., Ng, A. C. K., Dong, C. M., & Leung, G. (2022) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.121.037769 · Cited by 59
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in early autumn to ensure vitamin D sufficiency in mid-winter in professional football players
Galan, F., Ribas, J., Sánchez-Martinez, P. M., Calero, T., Sánchez, A. B., & Munoz-Macho, A. A. (2011) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2011.07.008 · Cited by 59
Vitamin D status in recently arrived immigrants from Africa and Asia: a cross-sectional study from Norway of children, adolescents and adults
Eggemoen, Å. R., Knutsen, K. V., Dalen, I., & Jenum, A. K. (2013) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2013-003293 · Cited by 60
Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its associated factors in three regions of Saudi Arabia
Kaddam, I., Shaikh, A. M. A., Abaalkhail, B., Aseri, K., Al-Saleh, Y. M., Qarni, A. A. A., Al-Shuaibi, A. M., Tamimi, W. G., & Mukhtar, A. M. (2017) · Saudi Medical Journal · doi:10.15537/smj.2017.4.18753 · Cited by 59
Associations Between Vitamin D Levels and Depressive Symptoms in Later Life: Evidence From the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA)
de Oliveira, C. M., Hirani, V., & Biddulph, J. P. (2017) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glx130 · Cited by 59
Recent Advances in Formulation Strategies for Efficient Delivery of Vitamin D
Gupta, R., Behera, C., Paudwal, G., Rawat, N., Baldi, A., & Gupta, P. N. (2018) · AAPS PharmSciTech · doi:10.1208/s12249-018-1231-9 · Cited by 59
Spray- or freeze-drying of casein micelles loaded with Vitamin D2: Studies on storage stability and in vitro digestibility
Moeller, H., Martin, D., Schrader, K., Hoffmann, W. U., & Lorenzen, P. C. (2018) · LWT · doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2018.04.003 · Cited by 58
Evolving Role of Vitamin D in Immune-Mediated Disease and Its Implications in Autoimmune Hepatitis
Czaja, A. J., & Montaño‐Loza, A. J. (2018) · Digestive Diseases and Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10620-018-5351-6 · Cited by 59
The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with vertebral fragility fractures
Maier, G. S., Seeger, J. B., Horas, K., Roth, K. E., Kurth, A. A., & Maus, U. M. (2015) · The Bone & Joint Journal · doi:10.1302/0301-620x.97b1.34558 · Cited by 57
Vitamin D and antiphospholipid syndrome
Andréoli, L., Piantoni, S., Dall’Ara, F., Allegri, F., Meroni, P. L., & Tincani, A. (2012) · Lupus · doi:10.1177/0961203312446386 · Cited by 57
Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Patients With Foot and Ankle Injuries
Smith, J. T., Halim, K., Palms, D. A., Okike, K. M., Bluman, E. M., & Chiodo, C. P. (2013) · Foot & Ankle International · doi:10.1177/1071100713509240 · Cited by 57
“Vitamin D deficiency has been identified as one of the most common causes of these fractures,20,26,28 as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] levels persistently below 20 ng/mL may lead to hypocalcemia, secondary hyperparathyroidism, osteoporosis, and osteomalacia in adults or rickets in children.13,24 Evidence sugges…”
Background
25-Hydroxyvitamin D and TSH as Risk Factors or Prognostic Markers in Thyroid Carcinoma
Danilovic, D. L. S., Ferraz‐de‐Souza, B., Fabri, A. W., de Santana, N. O., Kulcsar, M. A. V., Cernea, C. R., Marui, S., & Hoff, A. O. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0164550 · Cited by 58
Vitamin D: Musculoskeletal health
Bhattoa, H. P., Konstantynowicz, J., Łaszcz, N., Wójcik, M., & Płudowski, P. (2016) · Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s11154-016-9404-x · Cited by 57
Vitamin D and Incidence of Prediabetes or Type 2 Diabetes: A Four-Year Follow-Up Community-Based Study
Gao, Y., Zheng, T., Ran, X., Ren, Y., Chen, T., Zhong, L., Yan, D., Yan, F., Wu, Q., & Tian, H. (2018) · Disease Markers · doi:10.1155/2018/1926308 · Cited by 57
Year-round vitamin D deficiency among saudi female out-patients
Kanan, R. M., Al Saleh, Y. M., Fakhoury, H. M., Adham, M., Aljaser, S., & Tamimi, W. (2013) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980012002947 · Cited by 55
Vitamin D and autoimmune thyroid diseases: facts and unresolved questions
Bizzaro, G., & Shoenfeld, Y. (2014) · Immunologic Research · doi:10.1007/s12026-014-8579-z · Cited by 57
Is there an association between low serum 25-OH-D levels and the length of hospital stay in orthopaedic patients after arthroplasty?
Maier, G. S., Maus, U. M., Lazovic, D., Horas, K., Roth, K. E., & Kurth, A. A. (2016) · Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology · doi:10.1007/s10195-016-0414-y · Cited by 56
Awareness of Vitamin D Deficiency among the General Population in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Alamoudi, L. H., Almuteeri, R. Z., Al-Otaibi, M. E., Alshaer, D. A., Fatani, S. K., Alghamdi, M. M., & Safdar, O. Y. (2019) · Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1155/2019/4138187 · Cited by 55
“Internationally, vitamin D deficiency is a global health problem in both children and adults and is considered an epidemic [7, 8].”
Background
A Literature Review of the Potential Impact of Medication on Vitamin D Status
Wakeman, M. P. (2021) · Risk Management and Healthcare Policy · doi:10.2147/rmhp.s316897 · Cited by 58
Vitamin D levels: its relationship to bone mineral density response and disease activity in premenopausal Malaysian systemic lupus erythematosus patients on corticosteroids
Yeap, S. S., Othman, A. Z., Amir Azlan, Z. A. I. N., & Chan, S. P. (2011) · International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1111/j.1756-185x.2011.01653.x · Cited by 55
Relationship between vitamin D status and immunosuppressive therapy in kidney transplant recipients
Filipov, J. J., Zlatkov, B. K., Dimitrov, E. P., & Svinarov, D. A. (2015) · Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment · doi:10.1080/13102818.2014.995415 · Cited by 55
A systematic review of the influence of skin pigmentation on changes in the concentrations of vitamin D and 25-hydroxyvitamin D in plasma/serum following experimental UV irradiation
Xiang, F., Lucas, R. M., de Gruijl, F. R., & Norval, M. (2015) · Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences · doi:10.1039/c5pp00168d · Cited by 55
Hypovitaminosis D in a sunny country: Time trends, predictors, and implications for practice guidelines
Hoteit, M., Al‐Shaar, L., Yazbeck, C. F., Sleiman, M. B., Ghalayini, T., & Fuleihan, G. E. (2014) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2014.04.009 · Cited by 55
“Countries with the highest prevalence are in Asia in general and the Middle East in particular [1,4–7].”
BackgroundInfluential
Total 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels predict fracture risk: results from the 15-year follow-up of the Japanese Population-based Osteoporosis (JPOS) Cohort Study
for the JPOS Study Group, Tamaki, J., Iki, M., Sato, Y., Kajita, E., Nishino, H., Akiba, T., Matsumoto, T., & Kagamimori, S. (2017) · Osteoporosis International · doi:10.1007/s00198-017-3967-6 · Cited by 55
Association of Ambient and Household Air Pollution With Bone Mineral Content Among Adults in Peri-urban South India
Ranzani, O., Milà, C., Kulkarni, B., Kinra, S., & Tonne, C. C. (2020) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.18504 · Cited by 55
Socioeconomic differences in handgrip strength and its association with measures of intrinsic capacity among older adults in six middle-income countries
Perianayagam, A., Selvamani, Y., Thiyagarajan, J. A., & Sadana, R. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-99047-9 · Cited by 55
Variability and Reproducibility of Circulating Vitamin D in a Nationwide U.S. Population
Major, J. M., Graubard, B. I., Dodd, K. W., Iwan, A., Alexander, B. H., Linet, M. S., & Freedman, D. M. (2012) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2012-2643 · Cited by 54
Biocultural perspectives of vitamin D deficiency in the past
Brickley, M. B., Moffat, T., & Watamaniuk, L. (2014) · Journal of Anthropological Archaeology · doi:10.1016/j.jaa.2014.08.002 · Cited by 58
Effect of supplementation with cholecalciferol and calcium on 2-y bone mass accrual in HIV-infected children and adolescents: a randomized clinical trial
Arpadi, S. M., McMahon, D. J., Abrams, E. J., Bamji, M., Purswani, M. U., Engelson, E. S., Horlick, M. N. B., & Shane, E. J. (2012) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.111.024786 · Cited by 54
Vitamin D sufficiency is associated with low incidence of limb and vertebral fractures in community-dwelling elderly Japanese women: the Muramatsu Study
Nakamura, K., Saito, T., Oyama, M., Oshiki, R., Kobayashi, R., Nishiwaki, T., Nashimoto, M., & Tsuchiya, Y. (2010) · Osteoporosis International · doi:10.1007/s00198-010-1213-6 · Cited by 54
Relationship between vitamin D knowledge and 25‐hydroxyvitamin D levels amongst pregnant women
Toher, C., Lindsay, K. L., McKenna, M. J., Kilbane, M. T., Curran, S., Harrington, L., Uduma, O., & McAuliffe, F. M. (2013) · Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics · doi:10.1111/jhn.12150 · Cited by 54
Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging
Shivakumar, V., Kalmady, S. V., Amaresha, A. C., Jose, D. A., Narayanaswamy, J. C., Agarwal, S. M., Joseph, B., Venkatasubramanian, G., Ravi, V., Keshavan, M. S., et al. (2015) · Cited by 55
Vitamin D status in pre-school children in rural Nepal
Avagyan, D., Neupane, S. P., Gundersen, T. E., & Madar, A. A. (2015) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s136898001500083x · Cited by 53
The Immunologic Profile of Vitamin D and Its Role in Different Immune-Mediated Diseases: An Expert Opinion
Giannini, S., Giusti, A., Minisola, S., Napoli, N., Passeri, G., Rossini, M., & SINIGAGLIA, L. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14030473 · Cited by 58
“, <20 ng/mL [7], measured as plasma levels of vitamin D, 25(OH)D) is prevalent worldwide and frequently observed in regions of Northern latitudes, but also in Southern countries [9].”
Background
Influence of vitamin D on sarcopenia pathophysiology: A longitudinal study in humans and basic research in knockout mice
Mizuno, T., Hosoyama, T., Tomida, M., Yamamoto, Y., Nakamichi, Y., Kato, S., Kawai‐Takaishi, M., Ishizuka, S., Nishita, Y., Tange, C., et al. (2022) · Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle · doi:10.1002/jcsm.13102 · Cited by 55
“Because serum vitamin D measurements are influenced by seasonality, we categorized participants into four seasons according to the season in which the test was performed.(1) The participants wore a uniaxial accelerometer sensor (Lifecorder, Suzuken, Aichi, Japan) constantly for 7 days, except during sleep or bathing,…”
BackgroundMethod
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D below 25 ng/mL is a risk factor for long bone fracture comparable to bone mineral density in Japanese postmenopausal women
Tanaka, S., Kuroda, T., Yamazaki, Y., Shiraki, Y., Yoshimura, N., & Shiraki, M. (2013) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism · doi:10.1007/s00774-013-0520-3 · Cited by 53
Hypovitaminosis D and prevalent asymptomatic vertebral fractures in Moroccan postmenopausal women
Maghraoui, A. E., Ouzzif, Z., Mounach, A., Rezqi, A., Achemlal, L., Bezza, A., Tellal, S., Dehhaoui, M., & Ghozlani, I. (2012) · BMC Women s Health · doi:10.1186/1472-6874-12-11 · Cited by 53
Does Vitamin D Improve Muscle Strength in Adults? A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial Among Ethnic Minorities in Norway
Knutsen, K. V., Madar, A. A., Lagerløv, P., Brekke, M., Raastad, T., Stene, L. C., & Meyer, H. E. (2013) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2013-2647 · Cited by 54
Guidelines and Recommendations for Developing Interactive eHealth Apps for Complex Messaging in Health Promotion
Heffernan, K. J., Chang, S., Maclean, S. T., Callegari, E. T., Garland, S. M., Reavley, N. J., Varigos, G. A., & Wark, J. D. (2016) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/mhealth.4423 · Cited by 54
Plasma concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D among Jordanians: Effect of biological and habitual factors on vitamin D status
Mallah, E., Hamad, M. F., ElManaseer, M. A., Qinna, N. A., Idkaidek, N., Arafat, T., & Matalka, K. Z. (2011) · BMC Clinical Pathology · doi:10.1186/1472-6890-11-8 · Cited by 53
Effect of oral versus intramuscular Vitamin D replacement in apparently healthy adults with Vitamin D deficiency
Farooqui, K., Gupta, N., Batra, C. M., Marwaha, R. K., & Mithal, A. (2016) · Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.4103/2230-8210.196007 · Cited by 52
Self-citation
Vitamin D3 seems more appropriate than D2 to sustain adequate levels of 25OHD: a pharmacokinetic approach
Oliveri, B., Mastaglia, S. R., Brito, G. M., Seijo, M., Keller, G. A., Somoza, J., Diez, R. A., & Girolamo, G. D. (2015) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/ejcn.2015.16 · Cited by 52
Effect of vitamin D supplementation in type 2 diabetes patients with pulmonary tuberculosis
Kota, S. K., Jammula, S., Kota, S. K., Tripathy, P. R., Panda, S. K., & Modi, K. D. (2011) · Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2012.02.021 · Cited by 52
Change in Nutrition and Lifestyle in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: Health Impact
Musaiger, A. O., Al-Hazzaa, H. M., Takruri, H. R., & Mokhatar, N. (2012) · Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1155/2012/436762 · Cited by 55
Altered glucose metabolism rather than naive type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is related to vitamin D status in severe obesity
Bellan, M., Guzzaloni, G., Rinaldi, M., Merlotti, E., Ferrari, C., Tagliaferri, A., Pirisi, M., Aimaretti, G., Scacchi, M., & Marzullo, P. (2014) · Cardiovascular Diabetology · doi:10.1186/1475-2840-13-57 · Cited by 52
Vitamin D status in cord blood and newborns: ethnic differences
Cadario, F., Savastio, S., Pozzi, E., Capelli, A., Dondi, E., Gatto, M., Zaffaroni, M., & Bona, G. (2013) · The Italian Journal of Pediatrics/Italian journal of pediatrics · doi:10.1186/1824-7288-39-35 · Cited by 52
Vitamin D supplementation effects on FoxP3 expression in T cells and FoxP3+/IL-17A ratio and clinical course in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: a study in a Portuguese cohort
Marinho, A., Carvalho, C., Boleixa, D., Bettencourt, A., Leal, B., Guimarães, J., Neves, E., Oliveira, J. C., Almeida, I., Farinha, F., et al. (2016) · Immunologic Research · doi:10.1007/s12026-016-8829-3 · Cited by 52
Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its associated factors among the urban elderly population in Hyderabad metropolitan city, South India
Suryanarayana, P., Arlappa, N., Vadakattu, S. S., Balakrishna, N., Rajkumar, P. L., Undrajavarapu, P., Raju, B. B., Shivakeseva, K., Shoshanni, K. D., Seshacharyulu, M., et al. (2018) · Annals of Human Biology · doi:10.1080/03014460.2018.1425479 · Cited by 54
“VDD is now recognised as a global health problem (Mithal et al., 2009) and it has been reported in all age groups all over the world (Palacios & Gonzalez, 2014).”
Background
High-intensity versus low-intensity resistance training in patients with knee osteoarthritis: A randomized controlled trial
de Zwart, A. H., Dekker, J., Roorda, L. D., van der Esch, M., Lips, P. T. A. M., van Schoor, N. M., Heijboer, A. C., Turkstra, F., Gerritsen, M., HÄKKINEN, A. H., et al. (2022) · Clinical Rehabilitation · doi:10.1177/02692155211073039 · Cited by 51
Self-citation
The role of nutritional vitamin D in chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorder in children and adults with chronic kidney disease, on dialysis, and after kidney transplantation—a European consensus statement
Jørgensen, H. S., Vervloet, M. G., Cavalier, E., Bacchetta, J., de Borst, M. H., Bover, J., Cozzolino, M. G., Ferreira, A. C., Hansen, D., Herrmann, M., et al. (2025) · Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation · doi:10.1093/ndt/gfae293 · Cited by 51
Vitamin D status and determinants of deficiency among non-pregnant Jordanian women of reproductive age
Nichols, E. K., Khatib, I. M. D., Aburto, N., Sullivan, K. M., Scanlon, K. S., Wirth, J. P., & Serdula, M. K. (2012) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/ejcn.2012.25 · Cited by 51
Fetal and neonatal bone health: update on bone growth and manifestations in health and disease
Done, S. L. (2012) · Pediatric Radiology · doi:10.1007/s00247-011-2251-8 · Cited by 51

Authors: on behalf of the IOF Committee of Scientific Advisors (CSA) Nutrition Working Group, Mithal, A., Wahl, D. A., Bonjour, J.-P., Burckhardt, P., Dawson-Hughes, B., Eisman, J. A., El-Hajj Fuleihan, G., Josse, R. G., Lips, P., & Morales-Torres, J.
Affiliations: Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals (IN)
International Osteoporosis Foundation (CH)
University of Geneva (CH)
Hirslanden Clinique Bois-Cerf (CH)
Garvan Institute of Medical Research (AU)
St. Michael's Hospital (CA)
Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
Corresponding author: Mithal, A.
ORCID: Mithal, A.
Burckhardt, P.
Eisman, J. A.
Josse, R. G.
Lips, P.
Venue: Osteoporosis International
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2009-06-19
Volume: 20
Issue: 11
Pages: 1807-1820
ISSN: 0937-941X (ISSN-L)
1433-2965
DOI: 10.1007/s00198-009-0954-6
OpenAlex: W2106647095
Cited by: 1,472
References: 156
Citations by year: 2026: 31 · 2025: 49 · 2024: 63 · 2023: 67 · 2022: 87 · 2021: 97 · 2020: 103 · 2019: 93 · 2018: 99 · 2017: 103 · 2016: 100 · 2015: 116 · 2014: 121 · 2013: 123 · 2012: 94
FWCI: 8.67
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
research.vumc.nl
Licence: other-oa
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Osteoporosis International (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (publishedVersion)
Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Digital Academic REpository of VU University Amsterdam (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) (submittedVersion)
Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders: International Osteoporosis Foundation
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Vitamin D Research Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Vitamin K Research Studies
Keywords: vitamin D status, vitamin D deficiency, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, osteoporosis, fragility fractures, hip fracture, risk factors, sun exposure, skin pigmentation, latitude, seasonal variation, dietary habits, vitamin D fortification, global prevalence
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Vitamin D, Vitamin D Deficiency, Global Health, Prevalence, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Young Adult

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Global vitamin D status and determinants of hypovitaminosis D

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks