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Cited by 589Bone health and osteoporosis researchMenopause: Health Impacts and TreatmentsPhysical Activity and Health

The Effect of Exercise Training Programs on Bone Mass: A Meta-analysis of Published Controlled Trials in Pre- and Postmenopausal Women

Wolff, I., van Croonenborg, J. J., Kemper, H. C. G., Kostense, P. J., Twisk, J. W. R.·1999·Osteoporosis International
DOI 10.1007/s001980050109
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Abstract

With the aging of the population, the medical and social costs of skeletal fragility leading to fractures will cause an immense burden on society unless effective prophylactic and therapeutic regimens can be developed. Exercise is suggested as a possible regimen against involutional bone loss. The purpose of the present meta-analysis is to address a quantitative review of the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and nonrandomized controlled trials (CTs) on the effects of exercise training programs on bone mass, measured as bone mineral density (BMD) or bone mineral content (BMC), of the lumbar spine (LS) and the femoral neck (FN) in pre- and postmenopausal women. The literature from 1966 through December 1996 was searched for published RCTs and CTs. Study treatment effect is defined as the difference between percentage change in bone mass per year in the training group and the control group. Overall treatment effects (OTs) with the 95% confidence intervals of these study treatment effects were calculated using inverse-variance weighting. Of the 62 articles identified, 25 met the inclusion criteria and were maintained for further analyses. The weighted OTs for the RCTs showed very consistently that the exercise training programs prevented or reversed almost 1% of bone loss per year in both LS and FN for both pre- and postmenopausal women. The two OTs that could be calculated for strength training programs did not reach significance. The OTs for the CTs were almost twice as high as those for the RCTs, which gives an indication of the confounding introduced by the nonrandom allocation of the subjects to groups.

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  • Exercise-training programs prevent or reverse almost 1% of bone loss per year in the lumbar spine and femoral neck in both pre- and postmenopausal women, presumably sedentary, in a meta-analysis.

    “Exercise-training programs prevent or reverse almost 1% of bone loss per year in the lumbar spine and femoral neck in both pre-and postmenopausal women, who were presumably sedentary, in a meta-analysis (572).”

    From Lack of Exercise Is a Major Cause of Chronic Diseases (2012) · cites this paper as [572]

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Authors
Wolff, I., van Croonenborg, J. J., Kemper, H. C. G., Kostense, P. J., & Twisk, J. W. R.
Affiliations
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
ORCID
Venue
Osteoporosis International
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
1999-01-01
Volume
9
Issue
1
Pages
1-12
ISSN
  • 0937-941X (ISSN-L)
  • 1433-2965
DOI
10.1007/s001980050109
OpenAlex
W2098761213
Cited by
589
References
2
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 30
FWCI
6.21
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations
  • Osteoporosis International (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • VU Research Portal (submittedVersion)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
Keywords
exercise training, bone mass, bone mineral density, bone mineral content, postmenopausal women, premenopausal women, bone loss, lumbar spine, femoral neck, osteoporosis prevention, resistance training
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Female, Femur Neck, Humans, Lumbar Vertebrae, Middle Aged, Osteoporosis, Physical Education and Training, Exercise, Bone Density

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