Effect of exercise on anthropometric measures and serum lipids in older individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Open accessAbstract
Objectives: Overweight and obesity are increasing in individuals over age 60 years. This systematic review quantifies the effect of exercise on body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and lipids in overweight and obese individuals over the age of 60 years. Settings: Nine randomised controlled trials conducted in Brazil, Great Britain, Iceland, Japan and the USA compared aerobic and/or resistance exercise with a control group. Participants: Final analysis reviewed 1166 participants over the age of 60 years for 3–9 months. Primary outcome measures: This study reviewed the effects of exercise on BMI, WC and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Results: Exercise produced a significant reduction in BMI (−1.01 kg/m 2 , 95% CI −2.00 to −0.01) and WC (−3.09 cm, 95% CI −4.14 to −2.04) but not LDL cholesterol (−0.31 mg/dL, 95% CI −0.81 to 0.19). Analyses revealed substantial heterogeneity likely due to the type and intensity of exercise. Data on adverse effects were minimal. The overall level of evidence is moderate due to imprecision and heterogeneity. Conclusions: Exercise in overweight and obese older individuals improves anthropometric measures such as BMI and WC. The effect of exercise on serum lipids is unclear.
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Six of the 8 reports of systematic review and meta-analysis reported a significant increase in HDL-C levels.
“Six reported a significant increase in HDL-C levels, which was the most frequently observed effect of exercise on serum lipids577, 607–613).”
From Japan Atherosclerosis Society (JAS) guidelines for prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases 2017 (2018) · cites this paper as [611]
Aerobic exercise is effective in improving lipid metabolism.
“Aerobic exercise is effective in improving lipid metabolism607–615).”
From Japan Atherosclerosis Society (JAS) guidelines for prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases 2017 (2018) · cites this paper as [611]
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- Authors
- Kuhle, C. L., Steffen, M. W., Anderson, P. J., & Murad, M. H.
- Affiliations
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kuhle, Carol L
- Venue
- BMJ Open
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2014-06
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- e005283
- ISSN
- 2044-6055 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4067884
- OpenAlex
- W2160620563
- Cited by
- 31
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 0.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- BMJ Open (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Minnesota
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- physical activity, older adults, overweight, obesity, body mass index, waist circumference, serum lipids, LDL cholesterol, aerobic exercise, resistance training, anthropometric measures
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Cholesterol, Exercise Therapy, Humans, Obesity, Body Mass Index, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Overweight, Waist Circumference
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