Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction using an in situ metathesis reaction to form an ionic liquid extraction phase for the preconcentration of aromatic compounds from water
Abstract
A novel microextraction method is introduced based on dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) in which an in situ metathesis reaction forms a water-immiscible ionic liquid (IL) that preconcentrates aromatic compounds from water followed by separation using high-performance liquid chromatography. The simultaneous extraction and metathesis reaction forming the IL-based extraction phase greatly decreases the extraction time as well as provides higher enrichment factors compared to traditional IL DLLME and direct immersion single-drop microextraction methods. The effects of various experimental parameters including type of extraction solvent, extraction and centrifugation times, volume of the sample solution, extraction IL and exchanging reagent, and addition of organic solvent and salt were investigated and optimized for the extraction of 13 aromatic compounds. The limits of detection for seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons varied from 0.02 to 0.3 microg L(-1). The method reproducibility produced relative standard deviation values ranging from 3.7% to 6.9%. Four real water samples including tap water, well water, creek water, and river water were analyzed and yielded recoveries ranging from 84% to 115%.
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Using the in-situ IL-DLLME method, LODs were 0.02-0.3 μg/L with RSDs of 3.6-6.9%.
“Using the developed method, LODs were 0.02-0.3 l g/L with RSDs of 3.6-6.9%.”
From Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for determination of organic analytes (2010) · cites this paper as [66]
Compared to 60-min direct SDME using the same extraction IL, the proposed in-situ IL-DLLME method gave a 4.6-8.6-fold increase in analyte enrichment factors.
“Compared to 60-min direct SDME using the same extraction IL, a 4.6-8.6-fold increase in analyte enrichment factors was observed.”
From Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for determination of organic analytes (2010) · cites this paper as [66]
The proposed in-situ IL-DLLME method did not require the use of disperser solvent, in contrast with traditional IL-DLLME.
“In contrast with traditional ILDLLME, the proposed method did not require the use of disperser solvent.”
From Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for determination of organic analytes (2010) · cites this paper as [66]
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- Authors
- Yao, C., & Anderson, J. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Toledo (US)
- Corresponding author
- Anderson, Jared L.
- ORCID
- Anderson, Jared L.
- Venue
- Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
- Published
- 2009-09-11
- Volume
- 395
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1491-1502
- ISSN
- 1618-2642 (ISSN-L)
- 1618-2650
- OpenAlex
- W2040463301
- Cited by
- 204
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 32
- FWCI
- 20.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Analytical Chemistry › Analytical chemistry methods development
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
- Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Catalysis › Ionic liquids properties and applications
- Keywords
- dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, ionic liquids, preconcentration, aromatic compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, water analysis, tap water, well water, river water
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