Protein Superfamily Evolution and the Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA)
Abstract
By exploiting three-dimensional structure comparison, which is more sensitive than conventional sequence-based methods for detecting remote homology, we have identified a set of 140 ancestral protein domains using very restrictive criteria to minimize the potential error introduced by horizontal gene transfer. These domains are highly likely to have been present in the Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA) based on their universality in almost all of 114 completed prokaryotic (Bacteria and Archaea) and eukaryotic genomes. Functional analysis of these ancestral domains reveals a genetically complex LUCA with practically all the essential functional systems present in extant organisms, supporting the theory that life achieved its modern cellular status much before the main kingdom separation (Doolittle 2000). In addition, we have calculated different estimations of the genetic and functional versatility of all the superfamilies and functional groups in the prokaryote subsample. These estimations reveal that some ancestral superfamilies have been more versatile than others during evolution allowing more genetic and functional variation. Furthermore, the differences in genetic versatility between protein families are more attributable to their functional nature rather than the time that they have been evolving. These differences in tolerance to mutation suggest that some protein families have eroded their phylogenetic signal faster than others, hiding in many cases, their ancestral origin and suggesting that the calculation of 140 ancestral domains is probably an underestimate.
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There is good evidence that LUCA's genome was small but functionally fairly comprehensive.
“However, there is good evidence that LUCA's genome was small but functionally fairly comprehensive (Mirkin et al. 2003;Ranea et al. 2006;Koonin 2003).”
From Environmental Adaptation from the Origin of Life to the Last Universal Common Ancestor (2018) · cites this paper as Ranea et al. 2006
Compartmentation existed at the time of LUCA.
“Darwinian evolution at the organismal scale requires that both lineage and heredity-a specific line of evidence strongly suggesting compartmentation at the time of LUCA (Lombard et al. 2012;Ranea et al. 2006).”
From Environmental Adaptation from the Origin of Life to the Last Universal Common Ancestor (2018) · cites this paper as Ranea et al. 2006
LUCA had nearly all the essential functional systems present in modern organisms.
“functional analysis of these superfamilies indicates that LUCA had nearly all the essential functional systems present in modern organisms (Ranea et al. 2006).”
From Environmental Adaptation from the Origin of Life to the Last Universal Common Ancestor (2018) · cites this paper as Ranea et al. 2006
The pre-LUCA histories of some gene families can be examined.
“However, the pre-LUCA histories of some gene families can be examined (eg., Mirkin et al. 2003;Ranea et al. 2006;Gogarten and Taiz 1992;Fournier et al. 2015a;Fournier et al. 2015b).”
From Environmental Adaptation from the Origin of Life to the Last Universal Common Ancestor (2018) · cites this paper as Ranea et al. 2006
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- Authors
- Ranea, J. A. G., Sillero, A., Thornton, J. M., & Orengo, C. A.
- Affiliations
- University College London (GB)
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ES)
- European Bioinformatics Institute (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Ranea, Juan A. G.
- Venue
- Journal of Molecular Evolution
- Published
- 2006-10
- Volume
- 63
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 513-525
- ISSN
- 0022-2844 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-1432
- OpenAlex
- W1973481154
- Cited by
- 122
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 2.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of Molecular Evolution (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (submittedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Origins and Evolution of Life
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Structure and Dynamics
- Keywords
- protein superfamilies, last universal common ancestor, remote homology detection, horizontal gene transfer, prokaryotic genomes, eukaryotic genomes, mutation tolerance, origin of cellular life
- MeSH terms
- Proteins, Temperature, Genetic Variation, Genome, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Evolution, Molecular, Gene Duplication
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