EANM/EARL FDG-PET/CT accreditation - summary results from the first 200 accredited imaging systems
Open accessAbstract
PURPOSE: From 2010 until July 2016, the EANM Research Ltd. (EARL) FDG-PET/CT accreditation program has collected over 2500 phantom datasets from approximately 200 systems and 150 imaging sites worldwide. The objective of this study is to report the findings and impact of the accreditation program on the participating PET/CT systems. METHODS: To obtain and maintain EARL accredited status, sites were required to complete and submit two phantom scans - calibration quality control (CalQC), using a uniform cylindrical phantom and image quality control (IQQC), using a NEMA NU2-2007 body phantom. Average volumetric SUV bias and SUV recovery coefficients (RC) were calculated and the data evaluated on the basis of quality control (QC) type, approval status, PET/CT system manufacturer and submission order. RESULTS: SUV bias in 5% (n = 96) of all CalQC submissions (n = 1816) exceeded 10%. After corrective actions following EARL feedback, sites achieved 100% compliance within EARL specifications. 30% (n = 1381) of SUVmean and 23% (n = 1095) of SUVmax sphere recoveries from IQQC submissions failed to meet EARL accreditation criteria while after accreditation, failure rate decreased to 12% (n = 360) and 9% (n = 254), respectively. Most systems demonstrated longitudinal SUV bias reproducibility within ±5%, while RC values remained stable and generally within ±10% for the four largest and ±20% for the two smallest spheres. CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of manufacturer or model, all investigated systems are able to comply with the EARL specifications. Within the EARL accreditation program, gross PET/CT calibration errors are successfully identified and longitudinal variability in PET/CT performances reduced. The program demonstrates that a harmonising accreditation procedure is feasible and achievable.
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Errors in SUV quantification can easily be avoided by following existing EANM or EARL guidelines.
“Although all these errors are potentially severe, it should be noted that they can easily be avoided by following existing guidelines published by the EANM [24] or the EANM Research Ltd. (EARL) initiative [67].”
From Influences on PET Quantification and Interpretation (2022) · cites this paper as [67]
The Introduction (page not provided) says the EARL programme set guidelines and specifications to address variability in quantitative FDG-PET imaging. The Results and Discussion (pages not provided) report that calibration errors were brought within specifications after EARL feedback and corrective action. This supports the value of EARL procedures, but not the broader claim that all the errors at issue can easily be avoided simply by following existing guidelines. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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- Authors
- Kaalep, A., Sera, T., Oyen, W., Krause, B. J., Chiti, A., Liu, Y., & Boellaard, R.
- Affiliations
- North Estonia Medical Centre (EE)
- Institute of Cancer Research (GB)
- Universitätsmedizin Rostock (DE)
- Humanitas University (IT)
- European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (NL)
- University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Kaalep, Andres
- Venue
- European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
- Published
- 2017-12-01
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 412-422
- ISSN
- 1619-7070 (ISSN-L)
- 1619-7089
- PMC
- PMC5787222
- OpenAlex
- W2773306697
- Cited by
- 174
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 15
- FWCI
- 8.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- SZTE Publicatio Repozitórium (University of Szeged) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Radiation Dose and Imaging
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Radiation › Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques
- Keywords
- quality control, image quality control, standardized uptake value
- MeSH terms
- Accreditation, Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography, Calibration, Nuclear Medicine, Societies, Medical, Phantoms, Imaging, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
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