Nuclear medicine and molecular imaging advances in the 21st century
Open accessAbstract
Currently, Nuclear Medicine has a clearly defined role in clinical practice due to its usefulness in many medical disciplines. It provides relevant diagnostic and therapeutic options leading to patients' healthcare and quality of life improvement. During the first two decades of the 21stt century, the number of Nuclear Medicine procedures increased considerably. Clinical and research advances in Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging have been based on developments in radiopharmaceuticals and equipment, namely, the introduction of multimodality imaging. In addition, new therapeutic applications of radiopharmaceuticals, mainly in oncology, are underway. This review will focus on radiopharmaceuticals for positron emission tomography (PET), in particular, those labeled with Fluorine-18 and Gallium-68. Multimodality as a key player in clinical practice led to the development of new detector technology and combined efforts to improve resolution. The concept of dual probe (a single molecule labeled with a radionuclide for single photon emission computed tomography)/positron emission tomography and a light emitter for optical imaging) is gaining increasing acceptance, especially in minimally invasive radioguided surgery. The expansion of theranostics, using the same molecule for diagnosis (γ or positron emitter) and therapy (β minus or α emitter) is reshaping personalized medicine. Upcoming research and development efforts will lead to an even wider array of indications for Nuclear Medicine both in diagnosis and treatment.
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Production and implementation of radiopharmaceuticals involve intricate processes that can contribute to higher upfront costs.
“While radiopharmaceuticals play a pivotal role in disease diagnosis, treatment, and therapeutic monitoring, their production and implementation involve intricate processes that can contribute to higher upfront costs [126].”
From Radiopharmaceuticals: navigating the frontier of precision medicine and therapeutic innovation (2024) · cites this paper as [126]
The Introduction describes radiolabeling compounds for diagnostic and therapeutic use, and the Conclusion identifies regulatory approval as important to the field’s future. Neither passage links radiopharmaceutical production or implementation to higher upfront costs. The paper’s discussion of financial constraints concerns total-body PET scanners, not radiopharmaceuticals. (LLM, conf=0.79)
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Flagged first, then by citations
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Sorted by citations
Radiopharmaceuticals: navigating the frontier of precision medicine and therapeutic innovation
Dhoundiyal, S., Srivastava, S., Kumar, S., Singh, G., Ashique, S., Pal, R., Mishra, N., & Taghizadeh-Hesary, F. (2024) · European Journal of Medical Research · doi:10.1186/s40001-023-01627-0 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
“While radiopharmaceuticals play a pivotal role in disease diagnosis, treatment, and therapeutic monitoring, their production and implementation involve intricate processes that can contribute to higher upfront costs [126].”
Background
- Authors
- Vaz, S. C., Oliveira, F., Herrmann, K., & Veit-Haibach, P.
- Affiliations
- Champalimaud Foundation (PT)
- Essen University Hospital (DE)
- Venue
- The British Journal of Radiology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2020-05-01
- Volume
- 93
- Issue
- 1110
- Pages
- 20200095-20200095
- ISSN
- 0007-1285 (ISSN-L)
- 1748-880X
- PMC
- PMC10993229
- OpenAlex
- W3025194376
- Cited by
- 86
- References
- 93
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 4
- FWCI
- 1.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
- Locations
- British Journal of Radiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Universitätsbibliographie, Universität Duisburg-Essen (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
- Keywords
- nuclear medicine, molecular imaging, radiopharmaceuticals, positron emission tomography, fluorine-18, gallium-68, multimodal imaging, SPECT/CT, PET/CT, radioguided surgery, theranostics, radiopharmaceutical therapy, personalized medicine, detector technology
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Nuclear Medicine, Radiopharmaceuticals, Positron-Emission Tomography, Molecular Imaging
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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