Parameterizing animal sounds and motion with animal-attached tags to study acoustic communication
Open accessAbstract
Stemming from the traditional use of field observers to score states and events, the study of animal behaviour often relies on analyses of discrete behavioural categories. Many studies of acoustic communication record sequences of animal sounds, classify vocalizations, and then examine how call categories are used relative to behavioural states and events. However, acoustic parameters can also convey information independent of call type, offering complementary study approaches to call classifications. Animal-attached tags can continuously sample high-resolution behavioural data on sounds and movements, which enables testing how acoustic parameters of signals relate to parameters of animal motion. Here, we present this approach through case studies on wild common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). Using data from sound-and-movement recording tags deployed in Sarasota (FL), we parameterized dolphin vocalizations and motion to investigate how senders and receivers modified movement parameters (including vectorial dynamic body acceleration, “VeDBA”, a proxy for activity intensity) as a function of signal parameters. We show that (1) VeDBA of one female during consortships had a negative relationship with centroid frequency of male calls, matching predictions about agonistic interactions based on motivation-structural rules; (2) VeDBA of four males had a positive relationship with modulation rate of their pulsed vocalizations, confirming predictions that click-repetition rate of these calls increases with agonism intensity. Tags offer opportunities to study animal behaviour through analyses of continuously sampled quantitative parameters, which can complement traditional methods and facilitate research replication. Our case studies illustrate the value of this approach to investigate communicative roles of acoustic parameter changes. Significance statement: Studies of animal behaviour have traditionally relied on classification of behavioural patterns and analyses of discrete behavioural categories. Today, technologies such as animal-attached tags enable novel approaches, facilitating the use of quantitative metrics to characterize behaviour. In the field of acoustic communication, researchers typically classify vocalizations and examine usage of call categories. Through case studies of bottlenose dolphin social interactions, we present here a novel tag-based complementary approach. We used high-resolution tag data to parameterize dolphin sounds and motion, and we applied continuously sampled parameters to examine how individual dolphins responded to conspecifics’ signals and moved while producing sounds. Activity intensity of senders and receivers changed with specific call parameters, matching our predictions and illustrating the value of our approach to test communicative roles of acoustic parameter changes. Parametric approaches can complement traditional methods for animal behaviour and facilitate research replication.
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Continuous, parametric recordings from animal-borne tags link vocal features to stress, reproduction, and foraging success.
“Continuous, parametric recordings from animal-borne tags link vocal features to stress, reproduction, and foraging success (Casoli et al. 2022)”
From Listening forward: emerging roles of bioacoustics in ecology, evolution, and conservation (2026) · cites this paper as Casoli et al. 2022
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Drone Perspectives on Cetacean Mating and Sex
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In the songs of Hainan gibbons: Automated individual dynamic monitoring from acoustic recordings
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Modelling reindeer rut activity using on‐animal acoustic recorders and machine learning
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Zsebők, S. (2026) · Biologia Futura · doi:10.1007/s42977-026-00322-5
“Continuous, parametric recordings from animal-borne tags link vocal features to stress, reproduction, and foraging success (Casoli et al. 2022), making them natural predictors of population health.”
Animal-borne accelerometers do not reliably identify social calls from tagged humpback whales
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- Authors
- Casoli, M., Johnson, M., McHugh, K. A., Wells, R. S., & Tyack, P. L.
- Affiliations
- University of St Andrews (GB)
- Aarhus University (DK)
- Mote Marine Laboratory (US)
- Corresponding author
- Casoli, Marco
- Venue
- Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology
- Published
- 2022-04
- Volume
- 76
- Issue
- 4
- ISSN
- 0340-5443 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-0762
- OpenAlex
- W4226162574
- Cited by
- 8
- References
- 134
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 0.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- St Andrews Research Repository (St Andrews Research Repository) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Dolphin Quest, Inc.
- School of Biology, University of St Andrews
- Scottish Universities Life Sciences Alliance
- Office of Naval Research (N00014-18-1-2062)
- Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland
- Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (RC21-3091)
- Horizon 2020
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Marine animal studies overview
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology › Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Keywords
- acoustic communication, Tursiops truncatus, dynamic body acceleration, centroid frequency, agonistic behavior, consortship, sender-receiver interaction, physical activity intensity, replication study
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