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Cited by 23Climate Change and GeoengineeringAtmospheric aerosols and cloudsClimate variability and models

Quantification of tropical monsoon precipitation changes in terms of interhemispheric differences in stratospheric sulfate aerosol optical depth

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Roose, Shinto, Bala, Govindasamy, Krishnamohan, K. S., Cao, Long, Caldeira, Ken·2023·Climate Dynamics
DOI 10.1007/s00382-023-06799-3
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Abstract

Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering (SAG) is one of the solar geoengineering approaches that have been proposed to offset some of the impacts of anthropogenic climate change. Past studies have shown that SAG may have adverse impacts on the global hydrological cycle. Using a climate model, we quantify the sensitivity of the tropical monsoon precipitation to the meridional distribution of volcanic sulfate aerosols prescribed in the stratosphere in terms of the changes in aerosol optical depth (AOD). In our experiments, large changes in summer monsoon precipitation in the tropical monsoon regions are simulated, especially over the Indian region, in association with meridional shifts in the location of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) caused by changes in interhemispheric AOD differences. Based on our simulations, we estimate a sensitivity of − 1.8° ± 0.0° meridional shift in global mean ITCZ and a 6.9 ± 0.4% reduction in northern hemisphere (NH) monsoon index (NHMI; summer monsoon precipitation over NH monsoon regions) per 0.1 interhemispheric AOD difference (NH minus southern hemisphere). We also quantify this sensitivity in terms of interhemispheric differences in effective radiative forcing and interhemispheric temperature differences: 3.5 ± 0.3% change in NHMI per unit (Wm−2) interhemispheric radiative forcing difference and 5.9 ± 0.4% change per unit (°C) interhemispheric temperature difference. Similar sensitivity estimates are also made for the Indian monsoon precipitation. The establishment of the relationship between interhemispheric AOD (or radiative forcing) differences and ITCZ shift as discussed in this paper will further facilitate and simplify our understanding of the effects of SAG on tropical monsoon rainfall.

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  • Asymmetries in AOD between northern and southern hemispheres can affect multiple monsoon systems, as seen for the West African monsoon and Indian monsoon.

    “In addition to the direct effects of AOD on regional climate and precipitation, asymmetries in AOD between northern and southern hemispheres can affect multiple monsoon systems, as seen for the West African monsoon (58) and Indian monsoon (59, 60).”

    From Earth beyond six of nine planetary boundaries (2023) · cites this paper as [60]

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Authors
Roose, S., Bala, G., Krishnamohan, K. S., Cao, L., & Caldeira, K.
Affiliations
  • Indian Institute of Science Bangalore (IN)
  • Cochin University of Science and Technology (IN)
  • Zhejiang University (CN)
  • Carnegie Institution for Science (US)
Corresponding author
Roose, Shinto
ORCID
Venue
Climate Dynamics
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2023-05-02
Volume
61
Issue
9-10
Pages
4243-4258
ISSN
  • 0930-7575 (ISSN-L)
  • 1432-0894
DOI
10.1007/s00382-023-06799-3
OpenAlex
W4367693013
Cited by
23
References
82
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 3
FWCI
2.58
Type
journal article
Language
en
Update notices
correction (2023-08-18)
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Climate Dynamics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • CentAUR (University of Reading) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India. (DST/NSM/R&D_HPC Applications/2021/03.09)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Climate Change and Geoengineering
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Climate variability and models
Keywords
stratospheric aerosol geoengineering, solar geoengineering, Indian monsoon, effective radiative forcing, water cycle, volcanic sulfate aerosols

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