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Cited by 70Thermoregulation and physiological responsesCoffee research and impactsSports Performance and Training

No effect of caffeine on exercise performance in high ambient temperature

Roelands, Bart, Buyse, Luk, Pauwels, Frank, Delbeke, Frans, Deventer, Koen, Meeusen, Romain·2011·European Journal of Applied Physiology
DOI 10.1007/s00421-011-1945-9
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Abstract

Caffeine, an adenosine receptor antagonist, has shown to improve performance in normal ambient temperature, presumably via an effect on dopaminergic neurotransmission through the antagonism of adenosine receptors. However, there is very limited evidence from studies that administered caffeine and examined its effects on exercise in the heat. Therefore, we wanted to study the effects of caffeine on performance and thermoregulation in high ambient temperature. Eight healthy trained male cyclists completed two experimental trials (in 30°C) in a double-blind-randomized crossover design. Subjects ingested either placebo (6 mg/kg) or caffeine (6 mg/kg) 1 h prior to exercise. Subjects cycled for 60 min at 55% W (max), immediately followed by a time trial to measure performance. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. Caffeine did not change performance (p = 0.462). Rectal temperature was significantly elevated after caffeine administration (p < 0.036). Caffeine significantly increased B-endorphin plasma concentrations at the end of the time trial (p = 0.032). The present study showed no ergogenic effect of caffeine when administered 1 h before exercise in 30°C. This confirms results from a previous study that examined the effects of caffeine administration on a short (15 min) time trial in 40°C. However, caffeine increased core temperature during exercise. Presumably, the rate of increase in core temperature may have counteracted the ergogenic effects of caffeine. However, other factors such as interindividual differences in response to caffeine and changes in neurotransmitter concentrations might also be responsible for the lack of performance improvement of caffeine in high ambient temperature.

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Crossref · 10.1007/s00421-011-1945-9

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  • In a study of healthy trained male cyclists, compared with placebo, caffeine significantly increased core rectal temperature during exercise by up to about 0.5 degrees Celsius, whereas it had no significant effect on skin temperature, heart rate, loss of body mass or sweat rate.

    “Compared with placebo, caffeine significantly increased core (rectal) temperature during exercise by up to about 0.5 C, whereas it had no significant effect on skin temperature, heart rate, loss of body mass or sweat rate.”

    From Scientific Opinion on the safety of caffeine (2015) · cites this paper as Roelands et al., 2011

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Authors
Roelands, B., Buyse, L., Pauwels, F., Delbeke, F., Deventer, K., & Meeusen, R.
Affiliations
  • Vrije Universiteit Brussel (BE)
  • Ghent University (BE)
Corresponding author
Meeusen, Romain
ORCID
Venue
European Journal of Applied Physiology
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2011-04-02
Volume
111
Issue
12
Pages
3089-3095
ISSN
  • 0020-9376 (ISSN-L)
  • 1439-6319
  • 1439-6327
DOI
10.1007/s00421-011-1945-9
OpenAlex
W2011297056
Cited by
70
References
51
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 1
FWCI
3.27
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations
  • European Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Thermoregulation and physiological responses
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Coffee research and impacts
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
Keywords
caffeine, exercise performance, heat stress, thermoregulation, core body temperature, beta-endorphin, ergogenic aids, cyclists, adenosine receptor antagonism, dopamine signaling
MeSH terms
Adult, beta-Endorphin, Bicycling, Body Temperature, Body Temperature Regulation, Caffeine, Double-Blind Method, Heart Rate, Hot Temperature, Humans, Male, Exercise, Cross-Over Studies, Young Adult

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