Cited by 152Plant biochemistry and biosynthesisPhotosynthetic Processes and MechanismsAlgal biology and biofuel production

Xanthophyll synthesis in diatoms: Quantification of putative intermediates and comparison of pigment conversion kinetics with rate constants derived from a model

Lohr, Martin, Wilhelm, Christian·2001·Planta

Abstract

Recently, we reported the presence of the violaxanthin-antheraxanthin-zeaxanthin cycle in diatoms, and showed that violaxanthin is the putative precursor of both diadinoxanthin and fucoxanthin in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin (M. Lohr and C. Wilhelm, 1999, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96: 8784-8789). In the present study, two possible intermediates in the synthesis of violaxanthin from beta-carotene were identified in P. tricornutum, namely beta-cryptoxanthin and beta-cryptoxanthin epoxide. In low light, the latter pigment prevails, but in high light beta-cryptoxanthin accumulates, probably as the result of an increased activity of the xantophyll-cycle de-epoxidase. The apparent kinetics of several xanthophyll conversion steps were determined for P. tricornutum and Cyclotella meneghiniana Kuitzing. The experimentally determined conversion rates were used to evaluate the hypothetical pathway of xanthophyll synthesis in diatoms. For this purpose a mathematical model was developed which allows the calculation of theoretical rates of pigment conversion for microalgae under steady-state growth conditions. A comparison between measured and calculated conversion rates agreed well with the proposal of a sequential synthesis of fucoxanthin via violaxanthin and diadinoxanthin. The postulation of zeaxanthin as an obligatory intermediate in the synthesis of violaxanthin, however, resulted in large discrepancies between the measured and calculated rates of its epoxidation. Instead of zeaxanthin, beta-cryptoxanthin epoxide may be involved in the biosynthesis of violaxanthin in diatoms.

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Crossref · 10.1007/s004250000403

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Authors
Lohr, M., & Wilhelm, C.
Affiliations
Leipzig University (DE)
Venue
Planta
Published
2001-02-19
Volume
212
Issue
3
Pages
382-391
ISSN
  • 0032-0935 (ISSN-L)
  • 1432-2048
OpenAlex
W2016123825
Cited by
152
References
42
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 13
FWCI
0.58
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Planta (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
  • Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Algal biology and biofuel production
Keywords
xanthophyll biosynthesis, diatoms, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Cyclotella meneghiniana, violaxanthin, beta-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin, diadinoxanthin, fucoxanthin, xanthophyll cycle, mathematical model, light acclimation, beta-carotene
MeSH terms
Antioxidants, Carotenoids, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Dithioerythritol, Epoxy Compounds, Herbicides, Light, Models, Biological, Pigments, Biological, Pyridazines, Sulfhydryl Reagents, Lutein, Diatoms, beta Carotene, Xanthophylls, Zeaxanthins, Cryptoxanthins

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