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Collateralization of projections from the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus to the nucleus accumbens, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and central nucleus of the amygdala
Abstract
The paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) is a midline thalamic nucleus with dense projections to the nucleus accumbens (NAc), dorsolateral region of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BSTDL) and the lateral/capsular region of the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeL/CeC). Recent experimental evidence indicates that the PVT is involved in both appetitive and aversive behaviors. However, it is unknown if subgroups of neurons in the PVT innervate different subcortical targets or if the same neurons issue collaterals to multiple areas. To address this issue, we injected two different fluorescent retrograde tracers, cholera toxin subunit B conjugated to Alexa Fluor-488 or Alexa Fluor-594, into different pairs of the subcortical targets including different parts of the NAc (shell, core, dorsomedial shell, and ventromedial shell), BSTDL, and amygdala (basolateral amygdala and CeL/CeC). The results indicate a moderate to high level of collateralization of projections from neurons in the PVT to NAc, BSTDL, and CeL/CeC suggesting a potential importance of the PVT in simultaneously coordinating the activity of key regions of the brain involved in mediating emotional and motivational behaviors. We also observed a difference in the subcortical targets innervated by the anterior PVT (aPVT) and posterior PVT (pPVT) showing that more neurons in the aPVT innervate the dorsomedial part of the NAc shell, while more neurons in the pPVT innervate the ventromedial NAc shell, BSTDL, and CeL/CeC. This observation is suggestive of a potential functional difference between the aPVT and pPVT.
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“Given that the PVT projects to various reward-associated areas including the NAc, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and central amygdala through collateralized projections 10,14, mPFC->pPVT neurons are well-positioned to provide top-down control of brain networks.”
From A prefrontal–paraventricular thalamus circuit requires juvenile social experience to regulate adult sociability in mice (2020) · cites this paper as [14]
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“In contrast, the CeL and the BSTDL have been implicated in avoidance and defensive behaviors (Davis et al. 2010; LeDoux 2000) and pPVT projections to these areas may represent a means for the PVT to influence”
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“Given that PVT neurons that project to the NAc are predominantly excitatory glutamatergic cells, 27 our results suggest that attenuated glutamatergic synaptic inputs can reduce spikes in the NAc.”
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“Already, PVT projections to the amygdala and mPFC have been reported [128, 129], as well as activation of immediate early genes in these regions following PVT NPSR1 activation [129].”
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“This NACsmd receives specialized projections from the dorsal hippocampus 47 and the anterior paraventricular thalamic nucleus, 48 and cell-cell communication analysis further implicates h-7 derived NTN1 as a prominent signal to MSNs.”
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“CTB-594 and CTB-488 (1% w/v in phosphate buffer; Invitrogen, Waltham, MA) were infused by separate 32g bevelled 1μl Hamilton syringes (Neuros 7001 KH) attached to an infusion pump (Pump 11 Elite; Harvard Apparatus, Saint-Laurent, Canada) (12, 32) in NAc (200 nl; AP: 1 mm anterior, ML: 1 mm bilateral, DV: 6.5 mm) and C…”
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“…(fMRI) data in healthy individuals (Kark et al. 2021; Reeders et al. 2023) and findings of rodent models (Li and Kirouac 2012; Li et al. 2021; Dong et al. 2017; Viena et al. 2022) point to the Paraventricular Nucleus of the Thalamus (PVT), a component of the dorsal midline thalamic cluster,…”
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“Furthermore, chronic exposure to cocaine alters the expression of both D1-like and D2-like dopamine receptors in the nucleus accumbens, which may further contribute to divergent behavioural outcomes [65, 66].”
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“Finally, we did not differentiate between the functional contributions of PVT-NAc versus PVT-CeA pathways.”
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“Notably, the PVT extensively innervates the amygdala, a region involved in sleep-wake transitions and stress responses [51].”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Dong, X., Li, S., & Kirouac, G. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Manitoba (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Kirouac, Gilbert J.
- Venue
- Brain Structure and Function
- Published
- 2017-05-20
- Volume
- 222
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 3927-3943
- ISSN
- 1863-2653 (ISSN-L)
- 1863-2661
- OpenAlex
- W2616069238
- Cited by
- 143
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 3
- FWCI
- 6.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Brain Structure and Function (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Institute of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Addiction (MOP89758)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- paraventricular thalamus, collateral projections, nucleus accumbens, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, central amygdala, subcortical projections, cholera toxin B subunit, retrograde tracing
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain Mapping, Cholera Toxin, Functional Laterality, Male, Neural Pathways, Nucleus Accumbens, Phosphopyruvate Hydratase, Septal Nuclei, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Midline Thalamic Nuclei, Rats
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