Murine filariasis: Interleukin 4 and interleukin 5 lead to containment of different worm developmental stages
Abstract
We compared the impact of IL-4 and IL-5 deficiency during the fully permissive infection of BALB/c mice with the rodent filaria Litomosoides sigmodontis. IL-5, in contrast to IL-4, is crucial for the containment of adult worms during short- and long-term infections. IL-5 KO mice allowed development of more larvae into adult worms and showed up to 200 times more adult worms persisting during chronic infection (day 60 until 200 post-infection). This increased persistence was accompanied by a reduction in inflammatory nodules around adult filariae. In contrast, adult worm survival and nodule formation did not differ between BALB/c wild-type mice and BALB/c IL-4 KO or BALB/c IL-4 receptor (IL-4R) alpha-chain KO mice. In both IL-4 and IL-5 KO mice microfilaraemia was greatly enhanced (160-fold) and prolonged compared to wild-type mice. This extent of susceptibility to microfilariae required the presence of adult worms in a full infection cycle since upon intraperitoneal injection of microfilariae alone they were removed from BALB/c, BALB/c IL-4 KO and BALB/c IL-4R alpha-chain KO mice with equivalent kinetics, and since microfilarial survival was only slightly increased in IL-5 KO mice (factor of 5 vs. factor of 160 in full infection). In conclusion, IL-4 and IL-5 dependent effector pathways operate against different stages of filarial worms, and IL-5 has a greater impact on parasite containment than IL-4.
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In IL-5-deficient mice, microfilaraemia was greatly enhanced and adult worm burden increased.
“In IL-5-deficient mice, microfilaraemia was greatly enhanced and pronounced in addition to increased adult worm burden [50,51].”
From Emergent and Neglected Equine Filariosis in Egypt: Species Diversity and Host Immune Response (2022) · cites this paper as [51]
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Emergent and Neglected Equine Filariosis in Egypt: Species Diversity and Host Immune Response
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“In IL-5-deficient mice, microfilaraemia was greatly enhanced and pronounced in addition to increased adult worm burden [50,51].”
Background
- Authors
- Volkmann, L., Bain, O., Saeftel, M., Specht, S., Fischer, K., Brombacher, F., Matthaei, K. I., & Hoerauf, A.
- Affiliations
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine (DE)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- University of Cape Town (ZA)
- Australian National University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Hoerauf, Achim
- Venue
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology
- Published
- 2003-02
- Volume
- 192
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 23-31
- ISSN
- 0044-3077 (ISSN-L)
- 0300-8584
- 1432-1831
- OpenAlex
- W210228093
- Cited by
- 99
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 3.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ANU Open Research (Australian National University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Parasites and Host Interactions
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Helminth infection and control
- Keywords
- filariasis, Litomosoides sigmodontis, IL-4, IL-5, IL-4 receptor alpha, microfilaremia, inflammatory nodules, parasite immune evasion
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Eosinophils, Female, Filariasis, Filarioidea, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Neutrophils, Signal Transduction, Interleukin-4, Interleukin-5, Receptors, Interleukin-4, Mice
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