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Cited by 677Effects of Radiation ExposureChemotherapy-related skin toxicityAdvanced Radiotherapy Techniques

Radiation-induced fibrosis: mechanisms and implications for therapy

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Straub, Jeffrey M., New, Jacob, Hamilton, Chase D., Lominska, Chris, Shnayder, Yelizaveta, Thomas, Sufi M.·2015·Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology
DOI 10.1007/s00432-015-1974-6PMC PMC4573901
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Abstract

Purpose Radiation-induced fibrosis (RIF) is a long-term side effect of external beam radiation therapy for the treatment of cancer. It results in a multitude of symptoms that significantly impact quality of life. Understanding the mechanisms of RIF-induced changes is essential to developing effective strategies to prevent long-term disability and discomfort following radiation therapy. In this review, we describe the current understanding of the etiology, clinical presentation, pathogenesis, treatment, and directions of future therapy for this condition. Methods A literature review of publications describing mechanisms or treatments of RIF was performed. Specific databases utilized included PubMed and clinicaltrials.gov, using keywords "Radiation-Induced Fibrosis," "Radiotherapy Complications," "Fibrosis Therapy," and other closely related terms. Results RIF is the result of a misguided wound healing response. In addition to causing direct DNA damage, ionizing radiation generates reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that lead to localized inflammation. This inflammatory process ultimately evolves into a fibrotic one characterized by increased collagen deposition, poor vascularity, and scarring. Tumor growth factor beta serves as the primary mediator in this response along with a host of other cytokines and growth factors. Current therapies have largely been directed toward these molecular targets and their associated signaling pathways. Conclusion Although RIF is widely prevalent among patients undergoing radiation therapy and significantly impacts quality of life, there is still much to learn about its pathogenesis and mechanisms. Current treatments have stemmed from this understanding, and it is anticipated that further elucidation will be essential for the development of more effective therapies.

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  • These changes can aid development of therapy resistance and contribute to undesirable side effects.

    “These changes can aid the development of therapy resistance78–80 and contribute to undesirable side effects80.”

    From A framework for advancing our understanding of cancer-associated fibroblasts (2020) · cites this paper as [80]

    The Introduction (page unavailable) identifies radiation-induced fibrosis as a late effect that causes functional impairment and affects quality of life, supporting the undesirable-side-effects portion. The passages found do not say that these changes promote resistance to cancer therapy; a search for resistance did not establish that link. (LLM, conf=0.85)

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Authors
Straub, J. M., New, J., Hamilton, C. D., Lominska, C., Shnayder, Y., & Thomas, S. M.
Affiliations
University of Kansas Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author
Thomas, Sufi M.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2015-04-25
Volume
141
Issue
11
Pages
1985-1994
ISSN
  • 0084-5353 (ISSN-L)
  • 0171-5216
  • 1432-1335
DOI
10.1007/s00432-015-1974-6
PMC
PMC4573901
OpenAlex
W2077429419
Cited by
677
References
5
Citations by year
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FWCI
3.13
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Cancer Institute (1-P30-CA168524-02)
  • National Institutes of Health (NICHD HD00258)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Effects of Radiation Exposure
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Chemotherapy-related skin toxicity
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Radiation › Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques
Keywords
radiation-induced fibrosis, radiotherapy complications, wound healing, reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, inflammation, collagen deposition, vascularity, scar formation, TGF-beta, cytokines, growth factors, signaling pathways, fibrosis treatment, quality of life
MeSH terms
DNA Damage, Fibrosis, Humans, Inflammation, Neoplasms, Radiation Injuries, Radiotherapy, Transforming Growth Factor beta

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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