The DOI matches its Crossref record; 15 of the 15 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
On the dimensionality of the System Usability Scale: a test of alternative measurement models
Abstract
The System Usability Scale (SUS), developed by Brooke (Usability evaluation in industry, Taylor & Francis, London, pp 189-194, 1996), had a great success among usability practitioners since it is a quick and easy to use measure for collecting users' usability evaluation of a system. Recently, Lewis and Sauro (Proceedings of the human computer interaction international conference (HCII 2009), San Diego CA, USA, 2009) have proposed a two-factor structure-Usability (8 items) and Learnability (2 items)-suggesting that practitioners might take advantage of these new factors to extract additional information from SUS data. In order to verify the dimensionality in the SUS' two-component structure, we estimated the parameters and tested with a structural equation model the SUS structure on a sample of 196 university users. Our data indicated that both the unidimensional model and the two-factor model with uncorrelated factors proposed by Lewis and Sauro (Proceedings of the human computer interaction international conference (HCII 2009), San Diego CA, USA, 2009) had a not satisfactory fit to the data. We thus released the hypothesis that Usability and Learnability are independent components of SUS ratings and tested a less restrictive model with correlated factors. This model not only yielded a good fit to the data, but it was also significantly more appropriate to represent the structure of SUS ratings.
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“Since then, studies replicated inconsistent findings pointing towards this two-factor model (e.g. ) [23]”
From Dimensionality of the system usability scale among professionals using internet-based interventions for depression: a confirmatory factor analysis (2020) · cites this paper as [23]
Citations
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
The System Usability Scale: Past, Present, and Future
Lewis, J. R. (2018) · International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2018.1455307 · Cited by 1,958
When designing usability questionnaires, does it hurt to be positive?
Sauro, J., & Lewis, J. R. (2011) · Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/1978942.1979266 · Cited by 363
Usability: Lessons Learned … and Yet to Be Learned
Lewis, J. R. (2014) · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2014.930311 · Cited by 353
Measuring Perceived Usability: The CSUQ, SUS, and UMUX
Lewis, J. R. (2018) · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2017.1418805 · Cited by 327
Validation of the System Usability Scale (SUS)
Peres, S. C., Pham, T. M. T., & Phillips, R. G. (2013) · Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting · doi:10.1177/1541931213571043 · Cited by 274
Metadata
- Authors
- Borsci, S., Federici, S., & Lauriola, M.
- Affiliations
- Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- University of Perugia (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Borsci, Simone
- Venue
- Cognitive Processing
- Published
- 2009-06-30
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 193-197
- ISSN
- 1612-4782 (ISSN-L)
- 1612-4790
- OpenAlex
- W2058625228
- Cited by
- 275
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 4.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Cognitive Processing (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
- University of Twente Research Information (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Usability and User Interface Design
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Information Systems and Management › Technology Adoption and User Behaviour
- Keywords
- System Usability Scale, usability evaluation, dimensionality, two-factor model, learnability, usability, correlated factors, measurement model, structural equation modeling, user ratings
- MeSH terms
- Female, Humans, Learning, Male, Models, Theoretical, Surveys and Questionnaires, User-Computer Interface, Young Adult
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