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Cited by 193Nasal Surgery and Airway StudiesHeat Transfer and OptimizationThermoregulation and physiological responses

The Air-Conditioning Capacity of the Human Nose

Naftali, Sara, Rosenfeld, Moshe, Wolf, Michael, Elad, David·2005·Annals of Biomedical Engineering
DOI 10.1007/s10439-005-2513-4
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Abstract

The nose is the front line defender of the respiratory system. Unsteady simulations in three-dimensional models have been developed to study transport patterns in the human nose and its overall air-conditioning capacity. The results suggested that the healthy nose can efficiently provide about 90% of the heat and the water fluxes required to condition the ambient inspired air to near alveolar conditions in a variety of environmental conditions and independent of variations in internal structural components. The anatomical replica of the human nose showed the best performance and was able to provide 92% of the heating and 96% of the moisture needed to condition the inspired air to alveolar conditions. A detailed analysis explored the relative contribution of endonasal structural components to the air-conditioning process. During a moderate breathing effort, about 11% reduction in the efficacy of nasal air-conditioning capacity was observed.

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Crossref · 10.1007/s10439-005-2513-4

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38 of 38 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • The efficacy of the conditioning process depends on the flow dynamics of the inspired air, which depend on the geometry of the nasal cavity and inlets.

    “Studies have shown that the efficacy of the conditioning process depends on the flow dynamics of the inspired air, which in turn, depend on the geometry of the nasal cavity and inlets [5,7].”

    From Investigating the case of human nose shape and climate adaptation (2017) · cites this paper as [5]

  • Inhaled air reaches 90% of the required temperature and humidity levels before reaching the nasopharynx, implicating the nasal cavity as the major conditioning apparatus in the respiratory tract.

    “In fact, inhaled air reaches 90% of the required temperature and humidity levels before even reaching the nasopharynx, implicating the nasal cavity as the major conditioning apparatus in the respiratory tract [4,5].”

    From Investigating the case of human nose shape and climate adaptation (2017) · cites this paper as [5]

  • The geometry of the nose is important for its respiratory functions.

    “Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies show that the geometry of the nose is important for its respiratory functions [5,44].”

    From Investigating the case of human nose shape and climate adaptation (2017) · cites this paper as [5]

  • Inhaled air reaches 90% of the required temperature and humidity levels before reaching the nasopharynx, implicating the nasal cavity, especially the turbinates, as the major conditioning apparatus in the respiratory tract.

    “Inhaled air reaches 90% of the required temperature and humidity levels before even reaching the nasopharynx, implicating the nasal cavity, especially the turbinates, as the major conditioning apparatus in the respiratory tract [4,5].”

    From Investigating the case of human nose shape and climate adaptation (2017) · cites this paper as [5]

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Authors
Naftali, S., Rosenfeld, M., Wolf, M., & Elad, D.
Affiliations
Tel Aviv University (IL)
Corresponding author
Elad, David
ORCID
Venue
Annals of Biomedical Engineering
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2005-04
Volume
33
Issue
4
Pages
545-553
ISSN
  • 0090-6964 (ISSN-L)
  • 1573-9686
DOI
10.1007/s10439-005-2513-4
OpenAlex
W1982290049
Cited by
193
References
38
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 5
FWCI
4.75
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations
  • Annals of Biomedical Engineering (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Nasal Surgery and Airway Studies
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Heat Transfer and Optimization
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Thermoregulation and physiological responses
Keywords
nasal air conditioning, nose, nasal anatomy, respiratory effort
MeSH terms
Air, Air Conditioning, Biological Transport, Active, Body Temperature Regulation, Computer Simulation, Humans, Humidity, Models, Biological, Nasal Cavity, Nasal Mucosa, Nose, Pulmonary Ventilation, Temperature, Water

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