Ethical artificial intelligence for teaching-learning in higher education
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Students who learn in an environment where ethical values are lived, not just stated, are more receptive to topics related to algorithmic responsibility and show a greater willingness to engage in reflections on the regulation of AI.
“Recent studies show that students who learn in an environment where ethical values are lived-not just stated-are more receptive to topics related to algorithmic responsibility and show a greater willingness to engage in reflections on the regulation of AI [43,48-50].”
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Leveraging AI in Higher Education Teaching and Learning: Opportunities and Challenges Ahead
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Choi, Y.-S., & Kim, M. (2025) · Journal of the Korean earth science society · doi:10.5467/jkess.2025.46.3.226 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Fan, N. (2025) · doi:10.1109/icaie64856.2025.11158646 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“The systems’ inability to explain their decisions hampers trust, complicates error resolution, and raises accountability concerns [13].”
Fostering and Cultivating Human‐ AI Collaboration and Partnerships in an Evolving Workplace
Allen, J., Rorissa, A., Alemneh, D. G., Agarwal, N. K., & Hawamdeh, S. (2025) · Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology · doi:10.1002/pra2.1365 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Pedagogically Intelligent Smart Campuses for AI-Mediated and Equity-Centered Knowledge Production
Alam, A. (2026) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/979-8-3373-6831-3.ch010 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Fan, Y., & Ouyang, F. (2026) · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2026.2618550 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“In contrast, the results further suggested that human-AI collaboration enhanced existing learning differences rather than reducing them, requiring targeted interventions for students with limited self-regulatory capabilities (Banihashem et al., 2025; J € arvel € a & Hadwin, 2024).”
InfluentialArtificial intelligence in education in the new era: Opportunity or challenge?
Huang, X. (2026) · Universal Access in the Information Society · doi:10.1007/s10209-026-01318-7 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“Airaj et al. [ 56] note that human-machine collaboration, through the complementary functions and multi-scenario cooperation between human educators and AI, reshapes the subject-object relationship in education, forming a dynamic, bidirectional, and collaborative new educational interaction model.”
Xie, L., & Zhang, H. (2026) · Interactive Learning Environments · doi:10.1080/10494820.2026.2662456 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“In the realm of education, AI presents novel opportunities for pedagogical reform and reshaping learning paradigms (Airaj, 2024).”
LaFrance, J. A. (2026) · Educational Policy · doi:10.1177/08959048261450995 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Xia, Q., Aldharman, N. S., & Chiu, T. K. F. (2026) · TechTrends · doi:10.1007/s11528-026-01203-3 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“These findings confirm that need satisfaction leads to the formation of optimistic perception toward AI (Airaj, 2024; Kim et al., 2020); learners’ perception, including ethic and social good to AI, contribute positively to SRL with AI, which ties nicely with the results of previous experiments and…”
InfluentialZhang, J., & Baharudin, A. M. (2025) · Environment and Social Psychology · doi:10.59429/esp.v10i4.3515 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
AI in Universities: The Good, the Bot, and the Ugly TruthsPreprint
Adewusi, M. A., Ainebyoona, C., Odekeye, O. T., & Ngoma, M. (2025) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-6883202/v1 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Na, R., & Tayrattanachai, N.-O. (2025) · Forum for Linguistic Studies · doi:10.30564/fls.v7i6.8487
“Within the Chinese educational context, the teaching of solfeggio holds particular significance due to the tonal nature of Mandarin and other Chinese dialects [13] .”
Pedagogical Opportunities and Practices in Science Lesson Design Using Generative AI
Choi, Y.-S., & Ha, Y.-H. (2025) · Journal of the Korean earth science society · doi:10.5467/jkess.2025.46.4.339
Opening doors: Digital art in public sector accounting education for sustainable development
Huy, P. Q., & Phuc, V. K. (2025) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105609
Ávila, A. C., Noriega, M. D. L., & Hernández, L. Z. (2025) · European Public & Social Innovation Review · doi:10.31637/epsir-2026-2178
Salsabilla, N., Khasanah, S. U., Harahap, D. P., Mubrian, A. M., & Shaleh, S. (2025) · Didaktika Jurnal Kependidikan · doi:10.58230/27454312.3206
“Sebanyak 58% guru MI belum memahami konsep Higher Order Thinking Skills dengan baik, dan 62% mengalami kesulitan merancang instrumen penilaian berbasis Higher Order Thinking Skills (Airaj, 2024).”
Nimrud, A. H., Al-Rubay, S. H. A., Ali, Z. A. A. W., Hasan, M., Hamza, A. A., Read, S. A., & Madi, A. (2025) · International Conference on Cyber Resilience (ICCR) · doi:10.1109/iccr67387.2025.11292580
“Notably, BERT without governance layers [51] yields high accuracy but lacks ethical accountability enforcement, reducing its practical applicability in regulated environments [58].”
Okafor, M. U., Shaoan, M. R., Arif, M., Namanyane, T., & Feng, M. (2025) · Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny · doi:10.31338/2657-6007.kp.2025-2.4
AI-Driven Tutoring in English Literature: Fostering Deeper Interpretation and Student Engagement
Hadrian, D. R., Caroline, D., Niveditha, R., Yazhini, V., Mahalakshmi, L., & Nirmala, J. G. (2025) · IEEE International Conference on ICT in Business Industry & Government (ICTBIG) · doi:10.1109/ictbig68706.2025.11323730
“The study found a relationship between thoughtfulness and math ability [3].”
Mensah, E. G., Amutenya, T., Nyamekye, E., Ampem, I. O., & Sarfo, F. O. (2026) · Discover Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1007/s44163-025-00805-9
“Ensuring ethical use of AI tools in higher education domains remains a serious concern for institutional policymakers globally [3].”
Chu, R., Foong, L. M., & Lim, S. C. J. (2025) · IEEE International Conference on Engineering Education (ICEED) · doi:10.1109/iceed66794.2025.11400197
Soni, K. (2026) · Journal on Innovations in Teaching and Learning · doi:10.46632/jitl/5/1/8
What behavioral factors explain ethical engagement with ChatGPT among business students?
Ahmed, T., Rocky, K. H., Rahman, S. A., & Hasan, M. J. (2026) · AI and Ethics · doi:10.1007/s43681-026-01071-w
Ayantaş, T. (2026) · Advances in computational intelligence and robotics book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3373-6063-8.ch006
Research on the Construction of AI-Based Personalized Learning Paths and Curriculum Design
Sun, Y., Chen, B., & Li, C. (2026) · International Conference on Educational and Information Technology · doi:10.1109/iceit68991.2026.11521784
Human-Centered Approaches to Digital Learning Platforms
Gangai, K. N., Swapnil, C. A., Naipaul, J., & Agrawal, R. (2026) · Advances in computational intelligence and robotics book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-2600-1613-8.ch006
Ethical AI in Educational Administration
Sharma, A., Verma, D., Pundeer, S., & Kumar, P. (2026) · Advances in computational intelligence and robotics book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-2600-0467-8.ch008
Epistemic Stewardship and Pedagogies of Reasoning in AI-Mediated Statistics Classrooms
Alam, A. (2026) · Advances in computational intelligence and robotics book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3373-6259-5.ch005
Enhancing ESP Learning with Content-Based Instruction and 21st-Century Skills
Ahmad, S., & Tuomainen, S. (2026) · Baltic Journal of English Language Literature and Culture · doi:10.22364/bjellc.16.2026.01
Pramjeeth, S., & Ramgovind, P. (2025) · African Journal of Inter/Multidisciplinary Studies · doi:10.51415/ajims.v8i1.3663
Cross-cultural transfer learning framework for ideological education in global AI ethics governance
Lv, J., & Dong, Y. (2026) · Discover Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1007/s44163-026-01232-0
“Tactics to improve the cross-cultural aspects of AI development involve the IT-mediated learning style that facilitates situational construction, topic resource interactions, and scaffolding, which are encapsulated within the socio-cultural hypothesis [19, 20].”
Beghi, E., Torelli, C., Diolaiuti, G., & Senese, A. (2026) · Education Sciences · doi:10.3390/educsci16060893
Gong, F., & Lai, W. (2026) · International Conference on Recent Trends in Computer Science and Technology (ICRTCST) · doi:10.1109/icrtcst68392.2026.11545242
“…the main entities in education like student, instructor, learning material, topics, assessments and activities and the edges describe the semantic and behavioral relationship between these things like a student logs in to watch a video, completes a quiz, or does something with another student [14].”
Aligning AI with human values: Design principles for human-centered AI
Göbels, V. P., Fischer-Preßler, D., Guhl, J., Manca, T., Alischer, N., & Kutz, J. (2026) · Procedia CIRP · doi:10.1016/j.procir.2026.05.296
Jishuang, L., Osman, K., & Kutty, F. M. (2026) · Technology and Disability · doi:10.1177/10554181261461016
Coşkun, L. (2026) · Uluslararası Eğitim Araştırmacıları Dergisi · doi:10.52134/ueader.1857557
Liu, L., Xie, Y., Liu, W., Hu, Y., Liu, X., & Tian, Y. (2026) · Communications in computer and information science · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-30833-7_9
Examining the Ethical and Social Implications of Using AI and Deep Learning in Higher Education
Rawahi, A. A., Hinai, S. A., & Wahibi, M. A. (2026) · Procedia Computer Science · doi:10.1016/j.procs.2026.06.341
Perona, M. I. J., Jiménez, M. Á. F., de Vicente, D. P., & Olivencia, J. J. L. (2026) · European Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.12973/eu-jer.15.4.1081
Alwaqdani, M. (2026) · Education and Information Technologies · doi:10.1007/s10639-026-14095-w
“Concerns related to fairness and data governance also help explain why pedagogical integration remained limited in these profiles, as highlighted in recent discussions of AI ethics in education (Airaj, 2024).”
Artificial intelligence as a pedagogical companion for STEM research learning in higher education
Valentine Joseph Owan, P. D. (2026) · Discover Education · doi:10.1007/s44217-026-01906-y · Cited by 1 · see citing works
AI Stem Separation Tools in the Aural Skills Classroom
Hosken, F. (2026) · Journal of Music Theory Pedagogy · doi:10.15763/issn.2994-7073.2026.39.39-58
El uso responsable de la Inteligencia Artificial en educación superior
García, M. G., Meza, C. K. A., Gómez, A. L., & Garcia-Milà, P. (2026) · Revista Interuniversitaria de Formación del Profesorado Continuación de la antigua Revista de Escuelas Normales · doi:10.6018/rifop.699161
- Authors
- Airaj, M.
- Affiliations
- Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (MA)
- Corresponding author
- Airaj, Mohammed
- ORCID
- Airaj, Mohammed
- Venue
- Education and Information Technologies
- Published
- 2024-02-21
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 17145-17167
- ISSN
- 1360-2357 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-7608
- OpenAlex
- W4392016362
- Cited by
- 115
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 55 · 2025: 50 · 2024: 10
- FWCI
- 43.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Education and Information Technologies (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Artificial Intelligence in Education
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Health Informatics › Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- Keywords
- ethical artificial intelligence, artificial intelligence in education, human-centered AI, AI teachers, data privacy, educational technology ethics, equitable access to knowledge, personalized learning, critical thinking
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