Polysaccharides as a protective response against microcystin-induced oxidative stress in Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus quadricauda and their possible significance in the aquatic ecosystem
Abstract
Toxic cyanobacteria occur worldwide in aquatic ecosystem, and their toxins have adverse effects on most aquatic organisms. However, some species of green algae can grow and flourish at environmentally relevant concentrations of microcystins (MCYSTs). Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the possible adaptive response of two representatives of green algae, Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus quadricauda to these toxins. Growth and antioxidative biomarkers of these algae were studied over a 14-day exposure to different concentrations of pure microcystin-LR (MCYST-LR) and crude MCYSTs. Both pure and crude MCYSTs significantly decreased the growth of the two algae compared to control cultures during the first 3 days of incubation. Meanwhile, increases in glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and lipid peroxidation, and decreases in glutathione (GSH) were also observed in toxin-treated cultures. All growth and biochemical variables were restored to control levels after 3 days of incubation and remained at levels near to those of control cultures during the remaining period of experiment. The changes in these variables correlated with polysaccharide contents of toxin-treated cultures, indicating the involvement of these polysaccharides in protecting the algal cells against MCYST-induced oxidative stress. The results of in vitro assay of antioxidant activity revealed that these polysaccharides had different activities, depending on their sulfate contents. This study provides an evidence for the first time that polysaccharides play a protective role in some microalgae against MCYST-induced oxidative stress.
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Some microalgal species produce a toxin named microcystin-LR, which has detrimental effects on pathogens and fecal bacteria.
“It has also been reported that some microalgal species produce a toxin named microcystin-LR, which has detrimental effects on pathogens and fecal bacteria [194].”
From Microalgae-based wastewater treatment: Mechanisms, challenges, recent advances, and future prospects (2023) · cites this paper as [194]
Chlorella spp. and Scenedesmus quadricauda produce polysaccharides that function as protective agents against oxidative stress.
“For example, Chlorella spp. and Scenedesmus quadricauda produce polysaccharides that function as protective agents against oxidative stress (Mohamed, 2008).”
From Microalgae Metabolites: A Rich Source for Food and Medicine (2019) · cites this paper as Mohamed, 2008
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“It has also been reported that some microalgal species produce a toxin named microcystinLR, which has detrimental effects on pathogens and fecal bacteria [194].”
BackgroundMultifaceted roles of microalgae in the application of wastewater biotreatment: a review
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RetractedIsolation, structures and biological activities of polysaccharides from Chlorella: a review
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Chemical Compounds, Bioactivities, and Applications of Chlorella vulgaris in Food, Feed and Medicine
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- Authors
- Mohamed, Z. A.
- Affiliations
- Sohag University (EG)
- Corresponding author
- Mohamed, Zakaria A.
- ORCID
- Mohamed, Zakaria A.
- Venue
- Ecotoxicology
- Published
- 2008-04-04
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 504-516
- ISSN
- 0963-9292 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3017
- OpenAlex
- W2088849940
- Cited by
- 122
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 1.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Ecotoxicology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Algal biology and biofuel production
- Keywords
- microcystins, microcystin-LR, polysaccharides, oxidative stress, Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus quadricauda, green algae, cyanotoxins, antioxidant activity, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, lipid peroxidation, algal growth inhibition, sulfate content
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Physiological, Antioxidants, Bacterial Toxins, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Marine Toxins, Polysaccharides, Bacterial, Lipid Peroxidation, Ecosystem, Oxidative Stress, Scenedesmus, Chlorella vulgaris, Microbial Viability, Microcystins
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