The DOI matches its Crossref record; 32 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Application of eggshell waste for the immobilization of cadmium and lead in a contaminated soil
Abstract
Liming materials have been used to immobilize heavy metals in contaminated soils. However, no studies have evaluated the use of eggshell waste as a source of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) to immobilize both cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in soils. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of eggshell waste on the immobilization of Cd and Pb and to determine the metal availability following various single extraction techniques. Incubation experiments were conducted by mixing 0-5% powdered eggshell waste and curing the soil (1,246 mg Pb kg⁻¹ soil and 17 mg Cd kg⁻¹ soil) for 30 days. Five extractants, 0.01 M calcium chloride (CaCl₂), 1 M CaCl₂, 0.1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl), 0.43 M acetic acid (CH₃COOH), and 0.05 M ethylendiaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), were used to determine the extractability of Cd and Pb following treatments with CaCO₃ and eggshell waste. Generally, the extractability of Cd and Pb in the soils decreased in response to treatments with CaCO₃ and eggshell waste, regardless of extractant. Using CaCl₂ extraction, the lowest Cd concentration was achieved upon both CaCO₃ and eggshell waste treatments, while the lowest Pb concentration was observed using HCl extraction. The highest amount of immobilized Cd and Pb was extracted by CH₃COOH or EDTA in soils treated with CaCO₃ and eggshell waste, indicating that remobilization of Cd and Pb may occur under acidic conditions. Based on the findings obtained, eggshell waste can be used as an alternative to CaCO₃ for the immobilization of heavy metals in soils.
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“Therefore, recycling eggshells for the immobilization of heavy metals in wastewater has the potential to significantly reduce environmental pollution [103].”
From Progress towards Sustainable Utilisation and Management of Food Wastes in the Global Economy (2016) · cites this paper as [103]
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Ok, Y. S., Lee, S. S., Jeon, W.-T., Oh, S.-E., Usman, A. R. A., & Moon, D. H.
- Affiliations
- Kangwon National University (KR)
- Rural Development Administration (KR)
- Assiut University (EG)
- Chosun University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Moon, Deok Hyun
- Venue
- Environmental Geochemistry and Health
- Published
- 2010-11-10
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- S1
- Pages
- 31-39
- ISSN
- 0269-4042 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-2983
- OpenAlex
- W2048076128
- Cited by
- 146
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 6.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Environmental Geochemistry and Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Heavy metals in environment
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Environmental and Analytical Chemistry Studies
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
- Keywords
- eggshell waste, cadmium immobilization, lead immobilization, heavy metal contamination, soil remediation, calcium carbonate, liming, metal extractability, metal remobilization, soil pH, waste valorization
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cadmium, Egg Shell, Lead, Soil Pollutants, Environmental Restoration and Remediation, Republic of Korea, Recycling
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