Long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of stroke: a meta-analysis
Abstract
Prospective studies of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in relation to stroke have yielded inconsistent results. The authors conducted a meta-analysis of prospective studies to summarize available evidence regarding the relation between long-chain omega-3 PUFA intake and stroke. Pertinent studies were identified by searching PubMed and Embase databases to November 1, 2012 and by reviewing the reference lists of relevant publications. Prospective studies that provided relative risks (RRs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between dietary long-chain omega-3 PUFA intake and stroke were eligible. A random-effects model was used to combine study-specific results. Eight prospective studies, with 5238 stroke events among 242,076 participants, were included in the meta-analysis. The combined RR of total stroke was 0.90 (95 % CI, 0.81-1.01) for the highest versus lowest category of long-chain omega-3 PUFA intake, without heterogeneity among studies (P = 0.32). Results were similar for ischemic (RR, 0.82; 95 % CI, 0.71-0.94) and hemorrhagic stroke (RR, 0.80; 95 % CI, 0.55-1.15). A statistically significant reduction in total stroke risk was observed in women (RR, 0.80; 95 % CI, 0.65-0.99). This meta-analysis showed no overall association between omega-3 PUFA intake and stroke, but suggests that women might benefit from a higher intake of these PUFAs.
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Fish consumption has weaker associations with nonfatal cardiac events and stroke than with fatal cardiac events.
“Compared with fatal cardiac events, fish consumption has weaker associations with nonfatal cardiac events and stroke.201, 203, 204”
From Dietary and Policy Priorities for Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes, and Obesity: A Comprehensive Review (2016) · cites this paper as [203]
The sum of evidence suggests that optimal levels of sodium intake are ~2000 mg/d and could be lower.
“Overall, while adverse effects of rapid sodium reduction cannot be excluded, and true optimal lower limits remain uncertain, the sum of evidence suggests that optimal levels of sodium intake are ~2000 mg/d193, 200-204 and could be lower.304”
From Dietary and Policy Priorities for Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes, and Obesity: A Comprehensive Review (2016) · cites this paper as [203]
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- Authors
- Larsson, S. C., Orsini, N., & Wolk, A.
- Affiliations
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Larsson, Susanna C.
- Venue
- European Journal of Epidemiology
- Published
- 2012-11-20
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 895-901
- ISSN
- 0393-2990 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-7284
- OpenAlex
- W2086232810
- Cited by
- 73
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- European Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Forskningsrådet för Arbetsliv och Socialvetenskap
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
- Keywords
- n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, dietary intake, stroke risk, ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, sex differences, women, prospective cohort
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Odds Ratio, Stroke, Young Adult
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