Soil carbon, soil nitrate, and soil emissions of nitrous oxide during cultivation of energy crops
Abstract
Carbon (C) sequestration and soil emissions of nitrous oxide (N₂O) affect the carbon dioxide (CO₂) advantage of energy crops. A long-term study has been performed to evaluate the environmental effects of energy crop cultivation on the loamy sand soil of the drier northeast region of Germany. The experimental field, established in 1994, consisted of columns (0.25 ha each) cultivated with short rotation coppice (SRC: Salix and Populus) and columns cultivated with annual crops. The columns were subdivided into four blocks, with each receiving different fertilization treatments. The soil C content was measured annually from 1994 until 1997, and then in 2006. Soil N₂O levels were measured several times per week from 1999 to 2007. Water-filled pore space (WFPS) and soil nitrate measurements have been performed weekly since 2003. Increased C stocks were found in SRC columns, and C loss was observed in blocks with annual crops. The soil from fertilized blocks had higher levels of C than the soil from non-fertilized blocks. SRC cropping systems on dry, loamy sand soils are advantageous relative to annual cropping systems because of higher C sequestration, lower fertilized-induced N₂O emissions, and reduced background N₂O emissions in these soils. SRC cropping systems on dry, loamy sand soils have a CO₂ advantage (approximately 4 Mg CO₂ ha⁻¹ year⁻¹) relative to annual cropping systems.
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Emissions of N2O from dry, well-aerated soils, regardless of the management practice applied, are negligible compared with N2O emissions from poorly drained and fine-textured soils in high rainfall areas.
“Emissions of N 2 O from dry, well-aerated soils, regardless of the management practice applied, are negligible compared with N 2 O emissions from poorly drained and fine-textured soils in high rainfall areas (Rochette, 2008;Hellebrand et al., 2010).”
From Land‐use change to bioenergy production in <scp>E</scp> urope: implications for the greenhouse gas balance and soil carbon (2012) · cites this paper as Hellebrand et al., 2010
Some papers cover other greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and/or methane.
“Some papers cover other GHGs, like CO2 and/or methane [48, 49, 53–55, 57].”
From Carbon Sequestration by Perennial Energy Crops: Is the Jury Still Out? (2015) · cites this paper as [54]
Experimental evidence for directly measured greenhouse gas emissions was found in 12 papers from eight different experiments, mainly on nitrous oxide from Miscanthus, switchgrass, short-rotation coppice willow and/or short-rotation coppice poplar, mainly following arable but some also after grassland.
“Experimental evidence for directly measured GHG emissions was found in 12 papers from eight different experiments, mainly on nitrous oxide (N2O) from Miscanthus [48–51], switchgrass [52, 53], SRC willow and/or SRC poplar, mainly following arable [48, 49, 54] but some also after grassland [55, 56].”
From Carbon Sequestration by Perennial Energy Crops: Is the Jury Still Out? (2015) · cites this paper as [54]
An increased annual soil organic carbon storage change was observed in response to fertilisation, particularly in poplar stands.
“An increased annual SOC storage change was observed in response to fertilisation, particularly in poplar stands [54].”
From Carbon Sequestration by Perennial Energy Crops: Is the Jury Still Out? (2015) · cites this paper as [54]
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“SOC sequestration rates in our experiment of giant reed, poplar and willow in the 0–10 cm layer (Table 2) are in agreement with previous research (Hellebrand et al., 2010; Monti & ZegadaLizarazu, 2016), while for miscanthus, switchgrass and black locust in particular they were lower than that reported by several autho…”
Result
- Authors
- Hellebrand, H. J., Strähle, M., Scholz, V., & Kern, J.
- Affiliations
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (DE)
- Technische Universität Berlin (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Hellebrand, Hans J.
- ORCID
- Kern, Jürgen
- Venue
- Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems
- Published
- 2009-11-03
- Volume
- 87
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 175-186
- ISSN
- 1385-1314 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-0867
- OpenAlex
- W2004690367
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 2.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Bioenergy crop production and management
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Management and Crop Yield
- Keywords
- soil carbon sequestration, nitrous oxide emissions, soil nitrate, short rotation coppice, energy crops, willow, poplar, annual crops, fertilization, water-filled pore space, loamy sand soil, carbon stocks
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