The DOI matches its Crossref record; 54 of the 55 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Helping or Hovering? The Effects of Helicopter Parenting on College Students’ Well-Being
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Emerging evidence suggests that overprotective and controlling parenting, often referred to as “helicopter parenting” may have negative implications on the child's mental health such as anxiety and depression.”
From A Systematic Review of “Helicopter Parenting” and Its Relationship With Anxiety and Depression (2022) · cites this paper as Schiffrin et al., 2014
In the citing paper
“Students who reported helicopter parenting also reported higher levels of depression.”
From A Systematic Review of “Helicopter Parenting” and Its Relationship With Anxiety and Depression (2022) · cites this paper as Schiffrin et al. (2014)
In the citing paper
“Nine of 11 studies investigating the relationship between helicopter parenting and depression, found an effect”
From A Systematic Review of “Helicopter Parenting” and Its Relationship With Anxiety and Depression (2022) · cites this paper as Schiffrin et al., 2014
In the citing paper
“No effect for anxiety”
From A Systematic Review of “Helicopter Parenting” and Its Relationship With Anxiety and Depression (2022) · cites this paper as Schiffrin et al. (2014)
In the citing paper
“However, in the remaining 5 studies there was no direct relationship between helicopter parenting and anxiety (Segrin et al., 2013; Schiffrin et al., 2014; Reed et al., 2016; Darlow et al., 2017; Wenze et al., 2019).”
From A Systematic Review of “Helicopter Parenting” and Its Relationship With Anxiety and Depression (2022) · cites this paper as Schiffrin et al., 2014
Citations
Cites
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173 · Cited by 91,532
Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (1983) · Cited by 79,882
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.55.1.68 · Cited by 54,599
The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population
Radloff, L. S. (1977) · Applied Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/014662167700100306 · Cited by 53,267
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x · Cited by 47,139
The satisfaction with life scale
Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13 · Cited by 31,768
Applied Multiple Regression/Correlation Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences
Cohen, P., Cohen, P., West, S. G., & Aiken, L. S. (2014) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781410606266 · Cited by 20,870
(1968) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 15,136
Costello, A. B., & Osborne, J. (2005) · University of Massachusetts Amherst · doi:10.7275/jyj1-4868 · Cited by 10,297
Applied Multiple Regression/Correlation Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences.
Henry, N. W., Cohen, J., & Cohen, P. R. (1977) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2064799 · Cited by 7,242
Review of the Satisfaction With Life Scale.
Pavot, W., & Diener, E. (1993) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.5.2.164 · Cited by 3,611
Review of the Satisfaction With Life Scale
Pavot, W., & Diener, E. (2009) · Social indicators research series · doi:10.1007/978-90-481-2354-4_5 · Cited by 3,462
Carter, G. H. (1969) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-196901000-00012 · Cited by 3,308
Facilitating optimal motivation and psychological well-being across life's domains.
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2008) · Canadian Psychology / Psychologie canadienne · doi:10.1037/0708-5591.49.1.14 · Cited by 2,900
Parental Involvement and Students' Academic Achievement: A Meta-Analysis
Fan, X., & Chen, M. (2001) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1023/a:1009048817385 · Cited by 2,648
Parent styles associated with children's self-regulation and competence in school.
Grolnick, W. S., & Ryan, R. M. (1989) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.81.2.143 · Cited by 1,777
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2012) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195399820.013.0006 · Cited by 1,476
Pomerantz, E. M., Kim, E. M., & Litwack, S. D. (2007) · Review of Educational Research · doi:10.3102/003465430305567 · Cited by 1,385
Grolnick, W. S., Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (1991) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.83.4.508 · Cited by 1,186
Soenens, B., & Vansteenkiste, M. (2010) · Developmental Review · doi:10.1016/j.dr.2009.11.001 · Cited by 1,161
The development of depression in children and adolescents.
Cicchetti, D., & Toth, S. L. (1998) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.53.2.221 · Cited by 1,029
Barber, B. K., Olsen, J. E., & Shagle, S. C. (1994) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1994.tb00807.x · Cited by 913
A self-determination theory perspective on parenting.
Joussemet, M., Landry, R., & Koestner, R. (2008) · Canadian Psychology/Psychologie canadienne · doi:10.1037/a0012754 · Cited by 740
The development of depression in children and adolescents.
Cicchetti, D., & Toth, S. L. (1998) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.53.2.221 · Cited by 634
The Role of Parenting Styles in Children's Problem Behavior
Aunola, K., & Nurmi, J. (2005) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2005.00840.x-i1 · Cited by 625
Soenens, B., Vansteenkiste, M., Lens, W., Luyckx, K., Goossens, L., Beyers, W., & Ryan, R. M. (2007) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.43.3.633 · Cited by 608
Padilla‐Walker, L. M., & Nelson, L. J. (2012) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2012.03.007 · Cited by 558
Barber, B. K., Olsen, J. E., & Shagle, S. C. (1994) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1131309 · Cited by 510
Does “hovering” matter? Helicopter parenting and its effect on well-being
LeMoyne, T., & Buchanan, T. (2011) · Sociological Spectrum · doi:10.1080/02732173.2011.574038 · Cited by 495
Segrin, C. G., Woszidlo, A., Givertz, M., Bauer, A., & Murphy, M. T. (2012) · Family Relations · doi:10.1111/j.1741-3729.2011.00689.x · Cited by 484
Wei, M., Shaffer, P. A., Young, S. K., & Zakalik, R. A. (2005) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0167.52.4.591 · Cited by 390
Parent influences on early childhood internalizing difficulties
Bayer, J. K., Sanson, A. V., & Hemphill, S. A. (2006) · Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.appdev.2006.08.002 · Cited by 385
Johnston, M. M., & Finney, S. J. (2010) · Contemporary Educational Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.cedpsych.2010.04.003 · Cited by 378
Helicopter Parents and Landing Pad Kids: Intense Parental Support of Grown Children
Fingerman, K. L., Cheng, Y., Wesselmann, E. D., Zarit, S. H., Furstenberg, F. F., & Birditt, K. S. (2012) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2012.00987.x · Cited by 364
Luyckx, K., Vansteenkiste, M., Goossens, L., & Duriez, B. (2009) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0015349 · Cited by 259
Parental resources and the transition to junior high.
Grolnick, W., Kurowski, C. O., Dunlap, K., & Hevey, C. (2000) · Journal of Research on Adolescence · doi:10.1207/sjra1004_05 · Cited by 255
Parenting out of control: anxious parents in uncertain times
Nelson, M. K. (2011) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.48-4191 · Cited by 245
Parenting Out of Control: Anxious Parents in Uncertain Times
Simonds, W. (2011) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.1177/0094306110404515gg · Cited by 233
Mother and father connectedness and involvement during early adolescence.
Day, R. D., & Padilla‐Walker, L. M. (2009) · Journal of Family Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0016438 · Cited by 231
Kins, E., Beyers, W., Soenens, B., & Vansteenkiste, M. (2009) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0015580 · Cited by 209
Parenting with Love and Logic : Teaching Children Responsibility
Cline, F. W., & Fay, J. (1990) · Cited by 172
Kenney‐Benson, G. A., & Pomerantz, E. M. (2004) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2004.00303.x · Cited by 170
An examination of the interactions between mothers and children with anxiety disorders
Gar, N. S., & Hudson, J. L. (2008) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.08.006 · Cited by 120
Contemporary Issues in the Analysis of Data: A Survey of 551 Psychologists
Zuckerman, M., Hodgins, H. S., Zuckerman, A., & Rosenthal, R. (1993) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.1993.tb00556.x · Cited by 102
de Kemp, R. A. T., Scholte, R. H. J., Overbeek, G. J., & Engels, R. C. M. E. (2006) · Criminal Justice and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0093854806286208 · Cited by 101
Fischer, J. L., Forthun, L. F., Pidcock, B. W., & Dowd, D. A. (2006) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-006-9126-6 · Cited by 89
Meyer, B., Enström, M. K., Harstveit, M., Bowles, D., & Beevers, C. G. (2007) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760601076635 · Cited by 88
NurtureShock: new thinking about children
(2010) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.47-5958 · Cited by 73
The Helicopter Parent: Research toward a Typology (Part I).
Somers, P., & Settle, J. (2010) · College and university · Cited by 54
The Development of Depression Project
Garber, J. (1996) · Peabody Journal of Education · doi:10.1080/01619569609595131 · Cited by 36
Context-Based Parenting in Infancy: Background and Conceptual Issues
Combs-Orme, T. D., Wilson, E. E., Cain, D. S., Page, T. F., & Kirby, L. D. (2003) · Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal · doi:10.1023/b:casw.0000003138.32550.a2 · Cited by 31
Levine, M. G. (2006) · Cited by 20
Madonna, & Ahmadzaï, M. (2013) · Cited by 9
The Role of Mother-Child Interactions.
Ohmori, C., Nonaka, N., Nakagawa, H., et al. (1995) · The Japan Journal of Logopedics and Phoniatrics · doi:10.5112/jjlp.36.256 · Cited by 8
Research works printed but not linked: 6
- DeVellis, R. F. (1991). Scale development. Newbury Park, NJ: Sage.
- Hofer, B. K., & Moore, A. S. (2010). IConnected parent. New York, NY: Free Press.
- Hunt, J. (2008). Make room for daddy…and mommy: Helicopter parents are here! The Journal of Academic Administration in Higher Education, 4, 9–11.
- Marano, H. E. (2008). A nation of wimps: The high cost of invasive parenting. New York, NY: The Crown Publishing Group.
- Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (1998–2010). Mplus user’s guide (6th ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén.
- Somers, P., & Settle, J. (2010). The helicopter parent: Research toward a typology. College and University: The Journal of the American Association of Collegiate Registrars, 86, 18–27.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Position Statement on Active Outdoor Play
Tremblay, M. S., Gray, C. E., Babcock, S., Barnes, J. D., Costas-Bradstreet, C., Carr, D., Chabot, G., Choquette, L., Chorney, D. W., Collyer, C., et al. (2015) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph120606475 · Cited by 552
Current research on parenting styles, dimensions, and beliefs
Smetana, J. G. (2017) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.02.012 · Cited by 414
Journal of Child and Family Studies
Singh, N. N. (2016) · Encyclopedia of Family Studies · doi:10.1002/9781119085621.wbefs487 · Cited by 387
Does the Amount of Time Mothers Spend With Children or Adolescents Matter
Milkie, M. A., Nomaguchi, K. M., & Denny, K. E. (2015) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.1111/jomf.12170 · Cited by 197
“Recent scholarship on college students has shown that parents’ overinvolvement (helicoptering) relates to worse psychological well-being or ineffective coping skills of children (LeMoyne & Buchanan, 2011; Segrin, Woszidlo, Givertz, & Montgomery, 2013) through dampening a sense of autonomy or competence (Schiffrin et a…”
BackgroundHelicopter Parenting and Emerging Adult Self-Efficacy: Implications for Mental and Physical Health
Reed, K., Duncan, J. M., Lucier-Greer, M., Fixelle, C., & Ferraro, A. J. (2016) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-016-0466-x · Cited by 228
“Internal consistency (a = .82) was similar to that of the original scale reports (a = .77; Schiffrin et al. 2014).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluential
Metadata
- Authors
- Schiffrin, H. H., Liss, M., Miles-McLean, H., Geary, K. A., Erchull, M. J., & Tashner, T.
- Affiliations
- University of Mary Washington (US)
- Corresponding author
- Schiffrin, Holly H.
- Venue
- Journal of Child and Family Studies
- Published
- 2013-02-09
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 548-557
- ISSN
- 1062-1024 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-2843
- OpenAlex
- W2148614134
- Semantic Scholar
- 51a82ba44b5cc9cc3d3d7fdb455460359642098d
- Cited by
- 643
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 54 · 2025: 47 · 2024: 60 · 2023: 55 · 2022: 51 · 2021: 69 · 2020: 77 · 2019: 62 · 2018: 53 · 2017: 48 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 4
- FWCI
- 23.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of Child and Family Studies (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Education › Parental Involvement in Education
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports
- Keywords
- helicopter parenting, university students, psychological well-being, self-determination theory, autonomy support, depression, anxiety, life satisfaction, basic psychological needs, autonomy, competence, parental involvement
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review