Relative Effectiveness of Emotion Induction Procedures and the Role of Personal Relevance in a Clinical Sample: A Comparison of Film, Images, and Music
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Qualitative differences between three types of media used for the laboratory induction of emotion (film clips, still images, and music) were explored using a clinical sample. The relative effectiveness at inducing negative emotion and the degree to which the induction elicited personally relevant experiences of emotion was examined. Nomothetic and idiographic media were included as stimuli, and comparisons were made across media types and selection type. Nomothetic and idiographic media did not significantly differ in levels of negative affect endorsed. Significant differences did emerge between media and selection types in degree of personal relevance, with nomothetic images rated lowest and idiographic music rated highest. Significant differences also emerged in ratings of positive affect, with greater personal relevance significantly related to greater positive affect. The qualitative differences in emotion induction procedures found in this study are discussed in relation to the potential importance of matching emotion induction procedures to specific emotion-related processes of interest when used for the laboratory study of emotion and psychopathology.
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Personally relevant stimuli are superior in eliciting strong emotions.
“However, in order to more closely match the emotion-eliciting experiences of individuals with GAD, and based upon previous findings of the superiority of personally relevant stimuli in the elicitation of strong emotions (Ellard et al., 2012), we chose to use personally relevant worry statements as the emotional stimuli.”
From Neural correlates of emotion acceptance<i>vs</i>worry or suppression in generalized anxiety disorder (2017) · cites this paper as Ellard et al., 2012
The Discussion (page unavailable) reports that higher personal-relevance ratings predicted higher negative and positive affect and arousal, supporting a link with stronger emotional responses. But it also reports no significant overall advantage of participant-selected, more personally relevant media over standardized media in eliciting negative affect. The unqualified claim of superiority goes beyond those findings. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Meis, A. C., Majeed, R., Winkler, A., Hermann, C., & Kappesser, J. (2026) · Journal of Affective Disorders Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101195
- Authors
- Ellard, K. K., Farchione, T. J., & Barlow, D. H.
- Affiliations
- Boston University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ellard, Kristen K.
- Venue
- Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment
- Published
- 2011-12-17
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 232-243
- ISSN
- 0164-0305 (ISSN-L)
- 0882-2689
- 1573-3505
- PMC
- PMC8489569
- OpenAlex
- W1989284601
- Cited by
- 66
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 4
- FWCI
- 2.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (F31MH084422)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Emotions and Moral Behavior
- Keywords
- emotion induction, film clips, still images, music, personal relevance, negative affect, positive affect, clinical samples
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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