A Prospective Study of Return to Work Across Health Conditions: Perceived Work Attitude, Self-efficacy and Perceived Social Support

Brouwer, Sandra; Reneman, Michiel F.; Bültmann, Ute; van der Klink, Jac J. L.; Groothoff, Johan W.

doi:10.1007/s10926-009-9214-z

Cited by 159Workplace Health and Well-beingMedical Practices and RehabilitationMusculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation

A Prospective Study of Return to Work Across Health Conditions: Perceived Work Attitude, Self-efficacy and Perceived Social Support

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Brouwer, Sandra, Reneman, Michiel F., Bültmann, Ute, van der Klink, Jac J. L., Groothoff, Johan W.·2010·Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation

DOI 10.1007/s10926-009-9214-zPMC PMC2832875

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to conduct subgroup-analyses in a prospective cohort of workers on long-term sickness absence to investigate whether associations between perceived work attitude, self-efficacy and perceived social support and time to RTW differ across different health conditions. METHODS: The study was based on a sample of 926 workers on sickness absence (6-12 weeks). The participants filled out a baseline questionnaire and were subsequently followed until the tenth month after listing sick. Perceived work attitude was measured with a Dutch language version of the Work Involvement Scale. Perceived social support was measured with a self-constructed standardized scale reflecting a person's perception of social support regarding RTW. Self-efficacy was measured with the standardised Dutch version of the General self-efficacy scale, assessing the subjects' expectations of their general capacities. The sample was divided into three subgroups: musculoskeletal health conditions, other physical health conditions and mental health conditions. Anova analyses and Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to identify differences in association between the three factors and the time to RTW between different subgroups. RESULTS: The associations between the perceived work attitude, self-efficacy and perceived social support and the time to RTW vary across different health condition subgroups, not only with regard to the strength of the association but also for the type of factor. In the multivariate model, hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.33 (95% CI 1.01-1.75) in the musculoskeletal subgroup, and 1.26 (95% CI 0.89-1.78) in the other physical subgroup were found in perceived work attitude. With regard to perceived social support HRs of 1.39 (95% CI 1.12-1.99) respectively 1.51 (1.05-2.17) in the same subgroups were found. Only self-efficacy remained in the multivariate model in all subgroups with HRs of 1.49 (95% CI 1.12-1.99) in the musculoskeletal subgroup, 1.53 (95% CI 1.07-2.18) in the other physical subgroup and 1.60 (1.07-2.40) in the mental subgroup. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study show that perceived work attitude, self-efficacy and perceived social support are relevant predictors with regard to the time to RTW in all types of health conditions, but that important differences are observed in type of factor and strengths of the relationships between physical and mental health conditions.

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Psychosocial variables such as strong work ethic, expressed desire to work, maintain habits, self-esteem, self-efficacy, and work history have been identified as predictive of success in return to employment or education.
“Psychosocial variables such as a strong work ethic [25–27], expressed desire to work [28–30], maintain habits [19, 31] and self-esteem, self-efficacy [19, 32–34] and work history [15, 35] have also been investigated and identified as predictive of success in return to employment or education.”
From An enhanced individual placement and support (iPS) intervention based on the model of human occupation (MOHO); a prospective cohort study (2020) · cites this paper as [25]

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Authors: Brouwer, S., Reneman, M. F., Bültmann, U., van der Klink, J. J. L., & Groothoff, J. W.
Affiliations: University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
Corresponding author: Brouwer, Sandra
ORCID: Brouwer, Sandra
Reneman, Michiel F.
Bültmann, Ute
Groothoff, Johan W.
Venue: Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2009-11-06
Volume: 20
Issue: 1
Pages: 104-112
ISSN: 1053-0487 (ISSN-L)
1573-3688
DOI: 10.1007/s10926-009-9214-z
PMC: PMC2832875
OpenAlex: W2135136846
Cited by: 159
References: 35
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 9
FWCI: 12.07
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc
Locations: Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics: Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Workplace Health and Well-being
Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Medical Practices and Rehabilitation
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
Keywords: return to work, sick leave, self-efficacy, perceived social support, musculoskeletal disorders, mental illness, physical health conditions, subgroup analysis, General Self-Efficacy Scale, time to return to work, occupational health, social support at work, work engagement
MeSH terms: Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Female, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Middle Aged, Musculoskeletal Diseases, Prospective Studies, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Social Perception, Social Support, Stress, Psychological, Time Factors, Work, Work Capacity Evaluation, Multivariate Analysis, Confidence Intervals, Proportional Hazards Models, Sick Leave, Self Efficacy, Young Adult

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A Prospective Study of Return to Work Across Health Conditions: Perceived Work Attitude, Self-efficacy and Perceived Social Support

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