Associations between adolescents' interpersonal relationships, school well-being, and academic achievement during educational transitions
Open accessAbstract
A youth’s ability to adapt during educational transitions has long-term, positive impacts on their academic achievement and mental health. Although supportive relationships with parents, peers, and teachers are protective factors associated with successful educational transitions, little is known about the reciprocal link between the quality of these interpersonal relationships and school well-being, with even less known about how these two constructs affect academic achievement. This longitudinal study examined how the quality of interpersonal relationships and school well-being worked together to affect academic achievement during the transition from primary school to lower secondary school. Data were collected from 848 Finnish adolescents (54% girls, mean age at the outset 12.3 years) over the course of sixth and seventh grade. The results support a transactional model illustrating the reciprocal associations between the quality of interpersonal relationships and school well-being during the transition to lower secondary school. As such, the presence of high quality interpersonal relationships promoted higher academic achievement through increased school well-being, whereas high school well-being promoted higher subsequent academic achievement through increased quality of interpersonal relationships. Overall, the results suggest that promoting learning outcomes and helping adolescents with challenges during educational transitions is a critical part of supporting school well-being and the formation of high-quality interpersonal relationships.
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A high sociometric peer status is a significant predictor of well-being as well as academic success and effective intra- and interpersonal functioning later in life.
“A high sociometric peer status is a significant predictor of well-being as well as academic success and effective intra- and interpersonal functioning later in life (Lease, Kennedy, Axelrod, 2002; Kiuru i in., 2020; Wentzel, Jablansky, Scalise, 2021).”
From The The effects of cognitive, social, and emotional intelligence on children’s sociometric status in a new peer group (2023) · cites this paper as Kiuru i in., 2020
The Discussion reports that closeness to school friends predicted subsequent school satisfaction and indirectly promoted academic achievement during the transition to lower secondary school. The Methods measure perceived friendship closeness, not sociometric peer status, and the study does not establish effective intra- and interpersonal functioning later in life. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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- Authors
- Kiuru, N., Wang, M.-T., Salmela-Aro, K., Kannas, L., Ahonen, T., & Hirvonen, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Jyväskylä (FI)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- University of Eastern Finland (FI)
- Corresponding author
- Kiuru, Noona
- Venue
- Journal of Youth and Adolescence
- Published
- 2019-12-31
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1057-1072
- ISSN
- 0047-2891 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6601
- PMC
- PMC7182546
- OpenAlex
- W2997342648
- Cited by
- 235
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 39 · 2025: 50 · 2024: 55 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 4
- FWCI
- 33.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Youth and Adolescence (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Jyväskylä University Digital Archive (University of Jyväskylä) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Academy of Finland (266851)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Educational Environments and Student Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Education › Early Childhood Education and Development
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Psychosocial Factors Impacting Youth
- Keywords
- adolescents, interpersonal relationships, school well-being, academic performance, educational transitions, parent-adolescent relationships, peer relationships, teacher-adolescent relationships, transactional model, bidirectional relationship, youth mental health
- MeSH terms
- Academic Success, Achievement, Adolescent, Child, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Parent-Child Relations, Parents, Peer Group, Personality Development, Schools, Parenting
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