Cited by 147Family and Disability Support ResearchFamily Support in IllnessChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development

Anxiety and depression in mothers and fathers of a chronically ill child

van Oers, H. A., Haverman, L., Limperg, P. F., van Dijk-Lokkart, E. M., Maurice-Stam, H., Grootenhuis, M. A.·2014·Maternal and Child Health Journal

Abstract

We aimed to determine the levels of anxiety and depression in mothers and fathers of a chronically ill child (0-18 years) and to study which parental and child variables are associated with anxiety and depression. In a cross-sectional design, anxiety and depression were assessed with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Scores were compared to a Dutch reference group by analysis of variance and logistic regression analysis. Linear regression analyses were performed to examine which variables were associated with anxiety and depression. Mothers of a chronically ill child (n = 566) scored significantly higher than the reference group (p < .001) on anxiety (Mean 5.9 vs 4.8) and depression (Mean 4.5 vs 3.1). Fathers (n = 123) had higher depression scores (Mean 4.5 vs 3.6; p < .05), but fathers' anxiety scores were comparable to the reference group. The percentages of mothers in the clinical range of anxiety (31.8 vs 20.7 %, OR 2.03, 95 % CI 1.46-2.83) and depression (23.0 vs 12.0 %, OR 2.76, 95 % CI 1.84-4.13) were higher (p < .001) than in the reference group. No differences were found for fathers in the clinical range for anxiety and depression. Practical problems in daily life (a: β = .33, d: β = .25) and parenting stress (a: β = .30, d: β = .32) showed the strongest association with anxiety and depression for parents as a group. Illness-related characteristics of the child were not related. Parents of a chronically ill child, especially mothers, reported high levels of anxiety and depression. Awareness about parental anxiety and depression in pediatrics is important as well as targeted interventions.

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Crossref · 10.1007/s10995-014-1445-8

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  • Participants in both the intervention and waitlist control groups scored significantly more often in the clinical range than the norm group (p < .05), except for the waitlist control group on anxiety (p = .24).

    “Participants in both the intervention and the waitlist control group scored significantly more often in the clinical range than the norm group (p < .05) (van Oers et al., 2014; Vingerhoets, 2012), except for the waitlist control group on anxiety (p = .24).”

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Authors
van Oers, H. A., Haverman, L., Limperg, P. F., van Dijk-Lokkart, E. M., Maurice-Stam, H., & Grootenhuis, M. A.
Affiliations
Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam (NL)
Venue
Maternal and Child Health Journal
Published
2014-05-04
Volume
18
Issue
8
Pages
1993-2002
ISSN
  • 1092-7875 (ISSN-L)
  • 1573-6628
OpenAlex
W2035437107
Cited by
147
References
43
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 2
FWCI
8.65
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Maternal and Child Health Journal (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion)
  • Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Funders
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family and Disability Support Research
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Family Support in Illness
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Keywords
parental anxiety, parental depression, children with chronic illness, mothers, fathers, parental stress, everyday problems, child illness, parental mental health
MeSH terms
Academic Medical Centers, Child Health, Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety, Child, Child, Preschool, Chronic Disease, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Fathers, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Middle Aged, Mothers, Netherlands, Pediatrics, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Logistic Models

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