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Cited by 223Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchAmino Acid Enzymes and MetabolismAdvanced MRI Techniques and Applications

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 46 of the 46 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The Glutamine–Glutamate/GABA Cycle: Function, Regional Differences in Glutamate and GABA Production and Effects of Interference with GABA Metabolism

Walls, Anne B., Waagepetersen, Helle S., Bak, Lasse K., Schousboe, Arne, Sonnewald, Ursula·2015·Neurochemical Research
DOI 10.1007/s11064-014-1473-1
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Abstract

The operation of a glutamine-glutamate/GABA cycle in the brain consisting of the transfer of glutamine from astrocytes to neurons and neurotransmitter glutamate or GABA from neurons to astrocytes is a well-known concept. In neurons, glutamine is not only used for energy production and protein synthesis, as in other cells, but is also an essential precursor for biosynthesis of amino acid neurotransmitters. An excellent tool for the study of glutamine transfer from astrocytes to neurons is [(14)C]acetate or [(13)C]acetate and the glial specific enzyme inhibitors, i.e. the glutamine synthetase inhibitor methionine sulfoximine and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (aconitase) inhibitors fluoro-acetate and -citrate. Acetate is metabolized exclusively by glial cells, and [(13)C]acetate is thus capable when used in combination with magnetic resonance spectroscopy or mass spectrometry, to provide information about glutamine transfer. The present review will give information about glutamine trafficking and the tools used to map it as exemplified by discussions of published work employing brain cell cultures as well as intact animals. It will be documented that considerably more glutamine is transferred from astrocytes to glutamatergic than to GABAergic neurons. However, glutamine does have an important role in GABAergic neurons despite their capability of re-utilizing their neurotransmitter by re-uptake.

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Berl S, Clarke DD (1983) The metabolic compartmentation concept. In: Hertz L, Kvamme E, McGeer EG, Schousboe A (eds) Glutamine glutamate and GABA in the central nervous system Alan R. Liss Inc, New York, pp 205–217
  2. Hassel B, Bachelard H, Jones P, Fonnum F, Sonnewald U (1997) Trafficking of amino acids between neurons and glia in vivo. Effects of inhibition of glial metabolism by fluoroacetate. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 17(11):1230–1238. doi: 10.1097/00004647-199711000-00012 · DOI

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Metadata

Authors
Walls, A. B., Waagepetersen, H. S., Bak, L. K., Schousboe, A., & Sonnewald, U.
Affiliations
  • University of Copenhagen (DK)
  • Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NO)
Corresponding author
Sonnewald, Ursula
ORCID
Venue
Neurochemical Research
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2014-11-08
Volume
40
Issue
2
Pages
402-409
ISSN
  • 0364-3190 (ISSN-L)
  • 1573-6903
DOI
10.1007/s11064-014-1473-1
OpenAlex
W2020838403
Cited by
223
References
46
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 48 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 6
FWCI
1.44
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations
  • Neurochemical Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
Keywords
astrocytes, neurons, glutamate, GABA, glutamine synthetase, methionine sulfoximine, aconitase inhibition, fluoroacetate, citrate, glutamatergic neurons, GABAergic neurons, brain energy metabolism
MeSH terms
Animals, Brain, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Glutamine, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Glutamic Acid, Mice

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