Resistance to Position Change, Motivated Reasoning, and Polarization
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Additional cognitive-motivational mechanisms that may exacerbate issue polarization include selective avoidance of counter-attitudinal information and motivated resistance to attitude change.
“Additional cognitive–motivational mechanisms that may exacerbate issue polarization include other forms of reduction in cognitive dissonance, such as selective avoidance of counter-attitudinal information and motivated resistance to attitude change (see Table 1), both of which reflect ego-defensive motives to avoid inconsistency and maintain the individual’s pre-existing beliefs, opinions and”
From Cognitive–motivational mechanisms of political polarization in social-communicative contexts (2022) · cites this paper as [126]
Cites
The case for motivated reasoning.
Kunda, Z. (1990) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.108.3.480 · Cited by 9,022 · see citing works
Evaluating Online Labor Markets for Experimental Research: Amazon.com's Mechanical Turk
Berinsky, A. J., Huber, G. A., & Lenz, G. S. (2012) · Political Analysis · doi:10.1093/pan/mpr057 · Cited by 4,008 · see citing works
Misinformation and Its Correction: Continued Influence and Successful Debiasing
Lewandowsky, S., Ecker, U. K. H., Seifert, C. M., Schwarz, N., & Cook, J. (2012) · Psychological Science in the Public Interest · doi:10.1177/1529100612451018 · Cited by 2,920 · see citing works
Motivated closing of the mind: “Seizing” and “freezing”
Kruglanski, A. W., & Webster, D. M. (1996) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.103.2.263 · Cited by 2,379 · see citing works
The Elusive Backfire Effect: Mass Attitudes’ Steadfast Factual Adherence
Wood, T., & Porter, E. (2019) · Political Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11109-018-9443-y · Cited by 904 · see citing works
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Cognitive–motivational mechanisms of political polarization in social-communicative contexts
Jost, J. T., Baldassarri, D. S., & Druckman, J. N. (2022) · Nature Reviews Psychology · doi:10.1038/s44159-022-00093-5 · Cited by 276 · see citing works
A Framework for the Study of Persuasion
Druckman, J. N. (2022) · Annual Review of Political Science · doi:10.1146/annurev-polisci-051120-110428 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Understanding and combating misperceived polarization
Lees, J., & Cikara, M. (2021) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B · doi:10.1098/rstb.2020.0143 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Intellectual humility and perceptions of political opponents
Stanley, M. L., Sinclair, A. H., & Seli, P. (2020) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/jopy.12566 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Self-citationFactual knowledge can reduce attitude polarization
Stagnaro, M. N., & Amsalem, E. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-58697-3 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“The theory posits that when individuals aredriven by partisanmotivations,they often ignore, downplay, or outright reject information that runs counter to their preexisting beliefs 13 – 15 .”
- Authors
- Stanley, M. L., Henne, P., Yang, B. W., & De Brigard, F.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Stanley, Matthew L.
- Venue
- Political Behavior
- Published
- 2019-01-16
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 891-913
- ISSN
- 0190-9320 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6687
- OpenAlex
- W2909834589
- Cited by
- 58
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 6
- FWCI
- 9.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Political Behavior (publishedVersion)
- PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation) (submittedVersion)
- OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- John Templeton Foundation
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Electoral Systems and Political Participation
- Keywords
- motivated reasoning, political polarization, sociopolitical attitudes, belief formation, attitude change, controversial issues
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