The DOI matches its Crossref record; 77 of the 85 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Entrepreneurship, institutional economics, and economic growth: an ecosystem perspective
Open accessAbstract
We analyze conceptually and in an empirical counterpart the relationship between economic growth, factor inputs, institutions, and entrepreneurship. In particular, we investigate whether entrepreneurship and institutions, in combination in an ecosystem, can be viewed as a “missing link” in an aggregate production function analysis of cross-country differences in economic growth. To do this, we build on the concept of National Systems of Entrepreneurship (NSE) as resource allocation systems that combine institutions and human agency into an interdependent system of complementarities. We explore the empirical relevance of these ideas using data from a representative global survey and institutional sources for 46 countries over the period 2002–2011. We find support for the role of the entrepreneurial ecosystem in economic growth.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The three country- level studies that are included in this review have shown a link between entrepreneurial ecosystems and economic growth ( Acs et al., 2018 ; Lafuente et al., 2016 ; Lafuente et al., 2019).”
From Toward an Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Research Program (2022) · cites this paper as Acs et al., 2018
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance
North, D. C. (1990) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511808678 · Cited by 32,691
Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance
Munger, M. C., & North, D. C. (1991) · Southern Economic Journal · doi:10.2307/1060065 · Cited by 25,224
The Theory of Economic Development
Schumpeter, J. A., & Backhaus, U. (2003) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.1007/0-306-48082-4_3 · Cited by 22,757
Increasing returns and long-run growth
Romer, P. M. (1986) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/261420 · Cited by 20,149
Endogenous Technological Change
Romer, P. M. (1990) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/261725 · Cited by 17,711
The Promise of Enterpreneurship as a Field of Research
Shane, S. A., & Venkataraman, S. (2000) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2000.2791611 · Cited by 13,596
Endogenous Technological Change
Romer, P. (1989) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w3210 · Cited by 13,312
Technical Change and the Aggregate Production Function
Solow, R. M. (1957) · The Review of Economics and Statistics · doi:10.2307/1926047 · Cited by 12,259
Duflo, E. (2019) · AEA Papers and Proceedings · doi:10.1257/pandp.109.612 · Cited by 11,235
Clarifying the Entrepreneurial Orientation Construct and Linking It to Performance
Lumpkin, G. T., & Dess, G. G. (1996) · The Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.1996.9602161568 · Cited by 10,159
Research works printed but not linked: 5
- Acemoglu, D., & Robinson, J. A. (2012). Why nations fail. New York: Crown Business.
- Acs, Z. J., Lafuente, E., Sanders, M., & Szerb, L. (2017b). The global technology frontier: productivity growth and the relevance of the national system of entrepreneurship. Mineo: University of Pecs.
- Barro, R. J., & Sala-i-Martin, X. (1995). Economic growth. Boston: McGraw Hill.
- March, J. G., & Simon, H. A. (1993). Organizations. Cambridge: Blackwell.
- Solow, R. M. (2009). How to understand the disaster. The New York Review of Books, May 14th, http://www.nybooks.com/articles/2009/05/14/how-to-understand-the-disaster/ . Accessed January 11 2018.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 581
Khetarpal, R., Jain, D., & Mitra, B. (2025) · The International Journal of Management Education · doi:10.1016/j.ijme.2025.101272 · Cited by 14
Zhang, Y., & Roelfsema, H. J. (2020) · Entrepreneurship Research Journal · doi:10.1515/erj-2019-0265 · Cited by 14
ECONOMIC FREEDOM, ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: EVIDENCE FROM PANEL DATA
Khyareh, M. M., & ZAMANI, M. (2022) · Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship · doi:10.1142/s1084946722500273 · Cited by 11
Entrepreneurial ecosystem typologies for entrepreneurial dynamism: a configurational theorizing
Roshan, R., Balodi, K. C., & Theodoraki, C. (2025) · Entrepreneurship and Regional Development · doi:10.1080/08985626.2025.2475898 · Cited by 14
Qin, S. (2021) · International Journal of Entrepreneurial Knowledge · doi:10.37335/ijek.v9i1.132 · Cited by 11
Guest editorialCircular economy and entrepreneurial ecosystems: a missing link?
Ferreira, J. J., & Dabić, M. (2022) · Management of Environmental Quality An International Journal · doi:10.1108/meq-01-2022-303 · Cited by 11
Ancona, A., & Ceci, G. (2025) · The Journal of Technology Transfer · doi:10.1007/s10961-025-10308-5 · Cited by 10
Moradi, M. A., & Jahanbakht, M. (2026) · Administrative Sciences · doi:10.3390/admsci16020097 · Cited by 13
The impact of human capital and housing supply on urban growth
Büchler, S., Niu, D., Thompson, A. K., & Zheng, S. (2023) · Urban Studies · doi:10.1177/00420980231182074 · Cited by 10
Construyendo un futuro sostenible: la intención emprendedora de las mujeres en la Economía Social
Domínguez, M. B., García, A. V., & Taín, M. A. V. (2024) · CIRIEC-España revista de economía pública social y cooperativa · doi:10.7203/ciriec-e.111.27894 · Cited by 10
Informal Personal Financing of Entrepreneurs: Gender Characteristics
Pinkovetskaia, I., Lebedev, A. V., Slugina, O. V., Arbeláez-Campillo, D. F., & Rojas-Bahamón, M. J. (2021) · Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance · doi:10.13189/ujaf.2021.090319 · Cited by 10
Patel, P. C., & Wolfe, M. T. (2022) · Journal of Small Business Management · doi:10.1080/00472778.2021.2014509 · Cited by 10
Dark side of resource dependence: Inadequate entrepreneurship
Yao, X., & Xi-yan, L. (2023) · Resources Policy · doi:10.1016/j.resourpol.2023.104003 · Cited by 10
Intangible capital and business productivity in the hotel industry
Belda, P. R., Cabrer‐Borrás, B., & Benavides‐Espinosa, M. D. M. (2019) · International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal · doi:10.1007/s11365-019-00614-4 · Cited by 10
Wu, J., Murphy, P. J., Chen, J. J., & Bunn, M. D. (2021) · Journal of Small Business Management · doi:10.1080/00472778.2021.1890098 · Cited by 10
The status quo of omani female entrepreneurs: a story of multidimensional success factors
Hammami, S., Alhousary, T., Kahwaji, A. T., & Jamil, S. A. (2021) · Quality & Quantity · doi:10.1007/s11135-021-01208-5 · Cited by 14
New media marketing as a driver of enterprise country of origin (COO) offer in international markets
Vrontis, D., & Basile, G. (2021) · International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research · doi:10.1108/ijebr-01-2021-0085 · Cited by 10
Soto, E. G., García‐Rodríguez, F. J., Ruiz-Rosa, I., & Taño, D. G. (2022) · Entrepreneurship Research Journal · doi:10.1515/erj-2021-0290 · Cited by 10
Social entrepreneurship management: PKK moms' poverty alleviation strategy
Sudiantini, D., Priatna, W., & Meutia, K. I. (2023) · Jurnal Inovasi dan Pengembangan Hasil Pengabdian Masyarakat · doi:10.61650/jip-dimas.v1i2.234 · Cited by 9
Ramos, M. I. G., Gómez, F. G., Ortíz, B., & Donate, M. J. (2025) · International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research · doi:10.1108/ijebr-05-2024-0514 · Cited by 9
Patel, P. C., & Devaraj, S. (2020) · Small Business Economics · doi:10.1007/s11187-020-00399-9 · Cited by 9
Friend or foe? Co-opetition and entrepreneurial networking
Jost, P. (2021) · Small Business Economics · doi:10.1007/s11187-021-00567-5 · Cited by 9
Asencio, H. D., Prager, F., Martínez, J. N., & Tamura, J. (2022) · Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy · doi:10.1108/jepp-02-2022-0038 · Cited by 9
Innovative materials in construction and their role in improving the organizations efficiency
Yudenko, M. N., Чепаченко, Н. В., Половникова, Н. А., & Nikolikhina, S. A. (2019) · IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering · doi:10.1088/1757-899x/698/7/077024 · Cited by 9
Institutions and entrepreneurial activity: a comparative analysis of Kosovo and other economies
Sahiti, F. (2021) · Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy · doi:10.1108/jepp-08-2020-0056 · Cited by 9
Formal financial institutions financing of immigrant small and medium enterprises in South Africa
Asah, F. T., & Louw, L. (2021) · Acta Commercii · doi:10.4102/ac.v21i1.953 · Cited by 9
Aba, F. X. L. (2021) · Economies · doi:10.3390/economies9040195 · Cited by 9
Gaweł, A., & Toikko, T. (2024) · Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review · doi:10.15678/eber.2024.120207 · Cited by 4
Kuebart, A., Santini, É., & Forrer, V. (2025) · Small Business Economics · doi:10.1007/s11187-025-01026-1 · Cited by 8
Microfoundations of entrepreneurial ecosystems: a critical commentary on future research directions
Cavallo, A., Colombo, M. G., & Foss, N. J. (2026) · Small Business Economics · doi:10.1007/s11187-026-01202-x · Cited by 8
Aguilar, E. C. (2022) · Regional Statistics · doi:10.15196/rs120103 · Cited by 11
Capelleras, J., Martin‐Sanchez, V., & Zhang, C. (2023) · BRQ Business Research Quarterly · doi:10.1177/23409444221144462 · Cited by 11
Rambe, P. (2023) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-83753-326-820231001 · Cited by 8
Access to digital finance: Equity crowdfunding across countries and platforms
Estrin, S., Khavul, S., Kritikos, A. S., & Löher, J. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0293292 · Cited by 11
Self-citationFarooq, M., & Çan, Ö. (2024) · Journal of global entrepreneurship research · doi:10.1007/s40497-024-00386-4 · Cited by 13
Koria, M., Osorno-Hinojosa, R., Telalbasic, I., Ramírez-Vázquez, D. D. C., & Chirchir, E. (2020) · African Journal of Science Technology Innovation and Development · doi:10.1080/20421338.2020.1796012 · Cited by 11
Zhu, H., Su, D., & Yao, F. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph191710605 · Cited by 8
Vaillant, Y. (2022) · TEC Empresarial · doi:10.18845/te.v16i3.6356 · Cited by 8
Digital entrepreneurship in wholesale: identification of implementation strategies for data spaces
Neff, A. A., Weber, P., & Werth, D. E. (2024) · International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research · doi:10.1108/ijebr-10-2022-0943 · Cited by 9
Li, Z., Liu, J., Wang, F., Xia, S., & Zhu, X. (2019) · Emerging Markets Finance and Trade · doi:10.1080/1540496x.2019.1578210 · Cited by 8
Prevalence of the born-global phenomenon in different countries: an integrated perspective
Prieto‐Sánchez, C., & Merino, F. (2022) · Multinational Business Review · doi:10.1108/mbr-09-2021-0120 · Cited by 8
Vörös, Z., Lukovszki, L., Rideg, A., & Sipos, N. (2025) · Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development · doi:10.1108/jsbed-12-2023-0608 · Cited by 7
Fedajev, A., Kojić, M., Mitić, P., & Rãdulescu, M. (2025) · European Journal of Innovation Management · doi:10.1108/ejim-04-2024-0497 · Cited by 7
Kumari, R., Verma, J., Verma, R., Arya, V., & Papa, A. (2025) · Business Strategy and the Environment · doi:10.1002/bse.70140 · Cited by 10
Ramos, M. I. G., Gómez, F. G., Ortíz, B., & Donate, M. J. (2025) · International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal · doi:10.1007/s11365-025-01114-4 · Cited by 7
Advancing decent work through TVET-based MSME training: Post-training outcomes
Bahaw, P., Sookhai, S., Stephens, A., Mack, A. J., Brunetti, A., Munroe-Nials, O., & Patterson, C. (2026) · Journal of the International Council for Small Business · doi:10.1080/26437015.2026.2623458 · Cited by 7
Reinoso, N. G. (2024) · región y sociedad · doi:10.22198/rys2024/36/1855 · Cited by 7
Singh, R. P., & Miller, M. T. (2024) · Society and Business Review · doi:10.1108/sbr-12-2023-0368 · Cited by 7
Climate finance spillovers and entrepreneurship in developing countries
Mohan, P., & Morris, D. M. (2024) · Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal · doi:10.1002/sej.1517 · Cited by 7
Is a sustainable loop of economy and entrepreneurial ecosystem possible? a structural perspective
Cao, G., & Zhang, J. (2020) · Environment Development and Sustainability · doi:10.1007/s10668-020-00902-y · Cited by 7
Li, H., Xu, X., & Li, S. (2020) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/2158244020982994 · Cited by 7
Muhammed, Y., Dantsoho, M. A., & Abubakar, A. (2021) · Journal of Global Business Insights · doi:10.5038/2640-6489.6.2.1162 · Cited by 10
Women Entrepreneurs in Ethiopia
Akram, H. W., & Sanyal, S. (2022) · Contributions to management science · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-98966-8_3 · Cited by 7
Prasetyo, P. E., Pujiati, A., Setyadharma, A., & Kistanti, N. R. (2022) · International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning · doi:10.18280/ijsdp.170816 · Cited by 10
Previous intrapreneurship experience as a determinant of entrepreneurial activity and performance
Atallah, G., Bousmah, I., & Fuentes, C. D. (2021) · Economics of Innovation and New Technology · doi:10.1080/10438599.2021.1965475 · Cited by 8
Matrizaev, B. J. (2023) · Finance: Theory and Practice · doi:10.26794/2587-5671-2023-27-6-31-43 · Cited by 6
Sánchez-Teba, E. M., González‐Fernández, A. I., & González, G. J. B. (2025) · Journal of Small Business Management · doi:10.1080/00472778.2025.2591696 · Cited by 9
Linking entrepreneurial orientation to project success in construction projects
Sajid, M., Zaidi, S., Haq, S. U., Chughtai, M. A., & Ahmed, A. (2021) · Journal of Project Management · doi:10.5267/j.jpm.2021.2.001 · Cited by 6
Khan, S. M. (2021) · European Journal of Management and Marketing Studies · doi:10.46827/ejmms.v6i4.1140 · Cited by 6
The Economics of Entrepreneurship: Drivers, Impacts, and Policy Implications
Borah, A. J., & Bhowal, A. (2023) · South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics · doi:10.9734/sajsse/2023/v20i2703 · Cited by 6
Rees, C. J., Okhade, N. I., & Rowlands, K. E. (2024) · Africa Journal of Management · doi:10.1080/23322373.2024.2349483 · Cited by 6
Lundmark, E., & Audretsch, D. B. (2024) · International Small Business Journal Researching Entrepreneurship · doi:10.1177/02662426231199417 · Cited by 6
The entrepreneurship-growth nexus in the GCC: does political stability matter?
Sayed, O. A., & Abedelrahim, S. S. (2024) · Cogent Economics & Finance · doi:10.1080/23322039.2024.2373267 · Cited by 6
CARRARA, F., & Freisinger, E. (2024) · International Journal of Innovation Management · doi:10.1142/s1363919624300022 · Cited by 7
Dynamics of entrepreneurial behaviour for crowdfunding: insights from a hybrid review
Kumar, A., & Agrawal, G. K. (2025) · Kybernetes · doi:10.1108/k-09-2024-2568 · Cited by 6
Amoa‐Gyarteng, K., & Dhliwayo, S. (2025) · Thunderbird International Business Review · doi:10.1002/tie.22438 · Cited by 6
Mgueraman, A. (2025) · On the Horizon The International Journal of Learning Futures · doi:10.1108/oth-01-2025-0008 · Cited by 6
EL IMPACTO INSTITUCIONAL EN EL EMPRENDIMIENTO DE MÉXICO
Novela, G. O., Leyva, R. E. S., & Sidón, G. M. (2019) · Revista de estudios empresariales · doi:10.17561/ree.v2019n1.6 · Cited by 6
Social sexual behaviour and co-worker trust in start-up enterprises
Gillanders, R., Lyons, R. M., & van der Werff, L. (2020) · Small Business Economics · doi:10.1007/s11187-020-00381-5 · Cited by 7
Wired in? Genetic traits and entrepreneurship around the world
Krammer, S. M. S., & Gören, E. (2021) · Technological Forecasting and Social Change · doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2021.120788 · Cited by 6
Competencias para la formación inicial de los docentes en la enseñanza del emprendimiento
Ibáñez-Cubillas, P., & Puerta, J. G. (2021) · Education Policy Analysis Archives · doi:10.14507/epaa.29.5677 · Cited by 6
The Digital Platform Economy and the Entrepreneurial State: A European Dilemma
Ács, Z. J. (2022) · International studies in entrepreneurship · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-94273-1_17 · Cited by 6
Introduction: Entrepreneurial Ecosystems
Ács, Z. J., Lafuente, E., & Szerb, L. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-25931-9_1 · Cited by 8
Self-citationDynamics of Entrepreneurial Actors: A Study of Economic Conditions and Psychological Capital
Suharto, S., Suardi, S., Telaumbanua, E., & Isma, A. (2024) · Journal of Economics Entrepreneurship Management Business and Accounting · doi:10.61255/jeemba.v2i1.286 · Cited by 6
Association Between Entrepreneurship Ecosystem and Entrepreneurial Behavior & Attitudes
Sharma, A., Das, N., Singh, S. P., & Vishwakarma, A. K. (2024) · Journal of Global Information Management · doi:10.4018/jgim.354588 · Cited by 6
Majumder, S. C. (2022) · Independent Journal of Management & Production · doi:10.14807/ijmp.v13i2.1545 · Cited by 6
Resiliencia del emprendimiento en México. Los casos de las crisis económicas del COVID-19 y subprime
Leyva, R. E. S., Sidón, G. M., & Novela, G. O. (2022) · Estudios Gerenciales · doi:10.18046/j.estger.2022.165.5338 · Cited by 6
Dang, B. K., & Nguyen, K. D. (2024) · Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship · doi:10.1142/s1084946724500171 · Cited by 5
Abdulai, A., Hussain, N. R., & Queku, Y. N. (2026) · Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship · doi:10.1186/s13731-025-00603-8 · Cited by 5
Financial inclusion—entrepreneurship nexus: evidence from a threshold analysis
Logogye, L., Adusei, M., Poku, K., & Aawaar, G. (2024) · Journal of Business Economics · doi:10.1007/s11573-024-01215-6 · Cited by 5
Aggarwal, G., & Kashiramka, S. (2025) · Thunderbird International Business Review · doi:10.1002/tie.22432 · Cited by 5
Aparicio, S., Martinez-Moya, D., Muñoz-Mora, J. C., & Urbano, D. (2025) · Small Business Economics · doi:10.1007/s11187-025-01090-7 · Cited by 4
A vállalkozás szerepe a gazdasági növekedésben Magyarországon
Szerb, L., Varga, A., Sebestyén, T., & Szabó, N. (2019) · Közgazdasági Szemle · doi:10.18414/ksz.2019.6.607 · Cited by 5
Self-citationYamashkin, S. A., Yamashkina, E. O., & Yamashkin, A. A. (2021) · E3S Web of Conferences · doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202125803001 · Cited by 5
(2022) · Philosophy Economics and Law Review · doi:10.31733/2786-491x-2022-2-85-95 · Cited by 5
Njimanted, G. F., Ngangnchi, F. H., & Aziseh, F. I. (2023) · Journal of the Cameroon academy of sciences · doi:10.4314/jcas.v18i3.6 · Cited by 5
The role of institutions and entrepreneurial intentions in national ecosystems of entrepreneurship
Belitski, M., & Rejeb, N. (2023) · Revue de l’Entrepreneuriat · doi:10.3917/entre.hs4.0027 · Cited by 7
Florida, R. L., & Mellander, C. (2023) · Dynamics of virtual work · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-33961-5_10 · Cited by 5
The Effect of Organizational Culture and Job Satisfaction on Entrepreneurship in MSMEs in Bogor
Hidayat, N., Nutosudjono, D., & Sunaryo, W. (2023) · West Science Interdisciplinary Studies · doi:10.58812/wsis.v1i11.337 · Cited by 5
Realizing expectations? High-impact entrepreneurship across countries
Kleinhempel, J., & Estrin, S. (2024) · Small Business Economics · doi:10.1007/s11187-024-00921-3 · Cited by 5
Self-citationDemirdağ, İ., & Nirwansyah, A. W. (2024) · Natural Hazards · doi:10.1007/s11069-024-06753-4 · Cited by 7
Dimensions of firm-level entrepreneurial orientation as antecedents to employment growth in SMMEs
Dele-Ijagbulu, O. J., Eresia-Eke, C., & Moos, M. N. (2020) · African Journal of Business and Economic Research · doi:10.31920/1750-4562/2020/v15n3a4 · Cited by 5
Dinis, A. (2021) · Tourism, hospitality & event management · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-65524-2_7 · Cited by 5
Adoption of Entrepreneurial Behaviours in Sports Tourism in Developing Countries
Heydari, R., Keshtidar, M., Ramkissoon, H. R., Esfahani, M., & Asadollahi, E. (2022) · Highlights of Sustainability · doi:10.54175/hsustain1020004 · Cited by 5
Corradini, C., Santini, É., & Vecciolini, C. (2023) · Regional Studies · doi:10.1080/00343404.2023.2239275 · Cited by 5
The Relationship Between Institutions and Business Opportunities Toward Economic Growth
Prasetyo, P. E., Setyadharma, A., & Kistanti, N. R. (2020) · Economics Development Analysis Journal · doi:10.15294/edaj.v8i4.36311 · Cited by 5
From Aspirations to Identity: Goal Orientations and the Rural Path to Entrepreneurship
Alipour, K. K., McMillan, A. G., Lawrence, E. R., & Barber, D. (2025) · Journal of Small Business Strategy · doi:10.53703/001c.124846 · Cited by 4
Abdulwahab, L. O., Raji, I. A., & Shokunbi, M. O. (2025) · Resources Policy · doi:10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105674 · Cited by 4
Kassaye, B. D., Bayiley, Y. T., & Alemu, Z. K. (2025) · Journal of global entrepreneurship research · doi:10.1007/s40497-025-00441-8 · Cited by 4
ENTREPRENEURIAL ECOSYSTEMS: A CONFIGURATIONAL RESEARCH APPROACH
Stefenon, R., & Gimenez, F. A. P. (2023) · Revista Gestão em Análise · doi:10.12662/2359-618xregea.v12i1.p7-22.2023 · Cited by 4
Metadata
- Authors
- Acs, Z. J., Estrin, S., Mickiewicz, T., & Szerb, L.
- Affiliations
- London School of Economics and Political Science (GB)
- Aston University (GB)
- University of Pecs (HU)
- Corresponding author
- Estrin, Saul
- Venue
- Small Business Economics
- Published
- 2018-03-06
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 501-514
- ISSN
- 0921-898X (ISSN-L)
- 1573-0913
- OpenAlex
- W2794350933
- Cited by
- 582
- References
- 85
- Citations by year
- 2026: 67 · 2025: 77 · 2024: 73 · 2023: 81 · 2022: 79 · 2021: 82 · 2020: 73 · 2019: 41 · 2018: 9
- FWCI
- 68.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Small Business Economics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- London School of Economics and Political Science Research Online (London School of Economics and Political Science) (submittedVersion)
- Aston Publications Explorer (Aston University) (submittedVersion)
- London School of Economics and Political Science Theses Online (London School of Economics and Political Science) (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- London School of Economics and Political Science
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Management of Technology and Innovation › Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Economic Growth and Productivity
- Social Sciences › Development › Culture, Economy, and Development Studies
- Keywords
- entrepreneurship, institutional economics, economic growth, entrepreneurial ecosystems, resource allocation, human agency, factor inputs, cross-country growth differences, aggregate production function
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review