The DOI matches its Crossref record; 78 of the 80 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Social Class is Dead. Long Live Social Class! Stereotype Threat among Low Socioeconomic Status Individuals
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“Another study found that asking college students in the United States about their SES before (rather than after) an intelligence test reduced lower class students' confidence in their academic ability and their performance (B.Spencer & Castano, 2007)”
From Tackling Educational Inequalities with Social Psychology: Identities, Contexts, and Interventions (2021) · cites this paper as B.Spencer & Castano, 2007
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“and are thought to explain why a simple question about group membership can be enough to evoke stereotype threat and thus reduce performance only among low-status groups (Mello et al., 2010;Spencer & Castano, 2007).”
From Tackling Educational Inequalities with Social Psychology: Identities, Contexts, and Interventions (2021) · cites this paper as Spencer & Castano, 2007
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“Similar results have been found with other groups in other contexts (Croizet & Claire, 1998;B. Spencer & Castano, 2007).”
From Tackling Educational Inequalities with Social Psychology: Identities, Contexts, and Interventions (2021) · cites this paper as B. Spencer & Castano, 2007
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Cites
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Stereotype threat and the intellectual test performance of African Americans.
Steele, C. M., & Aronson, J. (1995) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.69.5.797 · Cited by 9,020
Implicit social cognition: Attitudes, self-esteem, and stereotypes
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The role of stereotyping in system‐justification and the production of false consciousness
Jost, J. T., & Banaji, M. R. (1994) · British Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8309.1994.tb01008.x · Cited by 3,558
Stereotype Threat and Women's Math Performance
Spencer, S. J., Steele, C. M., & Quinn, D. M. (1999) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1006/jesp.1998.1373 · Cited by 3,435
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Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Rothsten, R. (2004). Class and the classroom. American School Board Journal, 191, 16–22.
- Sacks P. (2004). The geography of privilege. ENCOUNTER: Education for Meaning and Social Justice, 17, 5–9.
Cited by
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Social class, solipsism, and contextualism: How the rich are different from the poor.
Kraus, M. W., Piff, P. K., Mendoza-Denton, R., Rheinschmidt, M. L., & Keltner, D. (2012) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/a0028756 · Cited by 1,397
Interpersonal Stratification: Status, Power, and Subordination
Fiske, S. T. (2010) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470561119.socpsy002026 · Cited by 492
Closing the social class achievement gap for first-generation students in undergraduate biology.
Harackiewicz, J. M., Canning, E. A., Tibbetts, Y., Giffen, C. J., Blair, S. S., Rouse, D. I., & Hyde, J. S. (2014) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0034679 · Cited by 360
Gender differences in evaluation of new business opportunity: A stereotype threat perspective
Gupta, V. K., Goktan, A. B., & Günay, G. (2013) · Journal of Business Venturing · doi:10.1016/j.jbusvent.2013.02.002 · Cited by 347
A Road Map for an Emerging Psychology of Social Class
Kraus, M. W., & Stephens, N. K. (2012) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/j.1751-9004.2012.00453.x · Cited by 306
Metadata
- Authors
- Spencer, B., & Castano, E.
- Affiliations
- The New School (US)
- Corresponding author
- Spencer, Bettina
- Venue
- Social Justice Research
- Published
- 2007-11-07
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 418-432
- ISSN
- 0885-7466 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6725
- OpenAlex
- W2082376760
- Cited by
- 212
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 14.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Social Justice Research (publishedVersion)
- Florence Research (University of Florence) (submittedVersion)
- Institutional Research Information System (Università degli Studi di Trento) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Education, Achievement, and Giftedness
- Social Sciences › Education › School Choice and Performance
- Keywords
- stereotype threat, socioeconomic status, low-income students, achievement gap, standardized testing, academic performance, self-confidence, stigmatized groups
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