The efficacy of foot patrol in violent places

Novak, Kenneth J.; Fox, Andrew M.; Carr, Christine M.; Spade, David A.

doi:10.1007/s11292-016-9271-1

Cited by 39Crime Patterns and InterventionsPolicing Practices and PerceptionsCriminal Justice and Penology

The efficacy of foot patrol in violent places

Novak, Kenneth J., Fox, Andrew M., Carr, Christine M., Spade, David A.·2016·Journal of Experimental Criminology

DOI 10.1007/s11292-016-9271-1

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Heavy reliance on rookie foot-patrol officers may have affected the study findings.
“it is important to note that such heavy reliance on rookies may have affected the study findings.”
From The Effect of Various Police Enforcement Actions on Violent Crime: Evidence From a Saturation Foot-Patrol Intervention (2018) · cites this paper as Novak et al., 2016
The aims and preferences of the participating police department may impose practical limitations, leading to methodological compromises from the outset of the experiment.
“Additionally, the aims and preferences of the participating police department may impose practical limitations, leading to methodological compromises from the outset of the experiment (Novak et al., 2016).”
From ‘Led by Intelligence': A Scoping Review on the Experimental Evaluation of Intelligence-Led Policing (2024) · cites this paper as Novak et al., 2016
Several included studies highlighted that ensuring the integrity of both the treatment and control conditions was a practical challenge.
“Several studies highlighted that ensuring the integrity of both the treatment and control conditions was a practical challenge (e.g., Corsaro et al., 2012;Novak et al., 2016;Rydberg et al., 2018).”
From ‘Led by Intelligence': A Scoping Review on the Experimental Evaluation of Intelligence-Led Policing (2024) · cites this paper as Novak et al., 2016

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THE PHILADELPHIA FOOT PATROL EXPERIMENT: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL OF POLICE PATROL EFFECTIVENESS IN VIOLENT CRIME HOTSPOTS*
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Authors: Novak, K. J., Fox, A. M., Carr, C. M., & Spade, D. A.
Affiliations: University of Missouri–Kansas City (US)
California State University, Fresno (US)
Kansas City Missouri Police Department (US)
Corresponding author: Novak, Kenneth J.
ORCID: Novak, Kenneth J.
Fox, Andrew M.
Spade, David A.
Venue: Journal of Experimental Criminology
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2016-08-11
Volume: 12
Issue: 3
Pages: 465-475
ISSN: 1572-8315 (ISSN-L)
1573-3750
DOI: 10.1007/s11292-016-9271-1
OpenAlex: W2511853111
Cited by: 39
References: 17
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4
FWCI: 10.48
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (unspecified)
Locations: Journal of Experimental Criminology (publishedVersion)
Funders: Bureau of Justice Assistance (2011-DB-BX-0016)
Topics: Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Crime Patterns and Interventions
Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Policing Practices and Perceptions
Social Sciences › Law › Criminal Justice and Penology
Keywords: foot patrol, hot spots, violent crime, crime displacement, deterrence, police presence, crime prevention, aggravated assault, robbery, urban policing

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The efficacy of foot patrol in violent places

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