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Cited by 60Sleep and related disordersPhysical Activity and HealthContext-Aware Activity Recognition Systems

The convergent validity of Actiwatch 2 and ActiGraph Link accelerometers in measuring total sleeping period, wake after sleep onset, and sleep efficiency in free-living condition

Lee, Paul H., Suen, Lorna K. P.·2017·Sleep And Breathing
DOI 10.1007/s11325-016-1406-0
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Abstract

Purpose Physical activity (PA) and sleep are important to health; thus, it is important for researchers to have valid tools to measure them. Accelerometers have been proven valid for measuring PA and sleep, but only one device does this simultaneously: the ActiGraph Link (ActiGraph, LLC); however, the sleep-monitoring function has not been validated. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive power of ActiGraph Link sleep parameters against a validated accelerometer (Actiwatch 2, Phillips Respironics Mini-Mitter).Methods A total of 49 Hong Kong adults aged 18-64 provided valid data on both accelerometers on their non-dominant wrist for seven consecutive days. Epochs from both accelerometers were classified as either sleep or awake using seven established algorithms (Cole-Kripke, Sadeh, Sazonov, high sensitivity threshold, medium sensitivity threshold, low sensitivity threshold, and neural network model), and these data were transformed to total sleeping period, wake after sleep onset, and sleep efficiency.Results The non-zero count data for both accelerometers (331,103 observations) were strongly correlated with a Spearman correlation of 0.83 (p < 0.001). The total sleeping period was highly correlated (Spearman correlation ranged from 0.74 to 0.90) regardless of the algorithms used. All algorithms yielded insignificant difference in total sleep time measured by the two accelerometers (p > 0.05) with a negligible effect size of d < 0.2. The agreement of sleep/wake status was high for all algorithms, with accuracy ranging from 93.05 % (Sadeh's algorithm) to 96.13 % (Cole-Kripke's algorithm).Conclusions Results showed that the sleep function of the ActiGraph Link performs similar to a validated accelerometer (Actiwatch 2) and provides an opportunity to measure both sleep and PA simultaneously.

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Authors
Lee, P. H., & Suen, L. K. P.
Affiliations
Hong Kong Polytechnic University (HK)
Corresponding author
Lee, Paul H.
ORCID
Venue
Sleep And Breathing
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2016-09-10
Volume
21
Issue
1
Pages
209-215
ISSN
  • 1520-9512 (ISSN-L)
  • 1522-1709
DOI
10.1007/s11325-016-1406-0
OpenAlex
W2507561726
Cited by
60
References
34
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4
FWCI
6.64
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (unspecified)
Locations
  • Sleep And Breathing (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (submittedVersion)
Funders
Health and Medical Research Fund (12131741)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems
Keywords
accelerometer, sleep monitoring, convergent validity, total sleep time, wake after sleep onset, sleep efficiency, physical activity measurement
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Algorithms, Female, Hong Kong, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Sleep, Social Environment, Statistics as Topic, Wakefulness, Reproducibility of Results, Polysomnography, Young Adult, Actigraphy, Accelerometry

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