Effects of social distancing on psychological state and physical activity routines during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Open accessAbstract
Background The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has affected the entire world. Since the reporting of the first cases, Italy has quickly become the country hit second firmest in the world by the coronavirus. Governments' immediate protective restrictions modified the habit of the individuals and included full lockdowns of cities, travel, restricted social congregations, and suspended schools.Objectives The aim of this study was to survey the general community in Italy to better recognize their levels of psychological impact, emotional responses and maintaining their daily exercise or physical activity routines during the initial stage of the COVID-19 outbreak.Methods 670 adults were invited to complete an online survey collecting information on demographic data, physical and emotional symptoms in the past 14 days, contact history with COVID-19, and keeping regular physical activity. Data analysis was conducted through mixed qualitative and quantitative methods.Results During the initial phase of the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy, more than half of the respondents reported a significant psychological and physical impact.Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic is bringing significant challenges to people, families, and countries. For further studies, these findings can be used to advance psychological interventions to reduce the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Participants whose habits were disrupted during the lockdown reported higher levels of nervousness.
“participants whose habits were disrupted during the lockdown reported higher levels of nervousness”
From The Evolution of Psychological and Behavioral Consequences of Self-Isolation During Lockdown: A Longitudinal Study Across United Kingdom and Italy (2022) · cites this paper as [28]
The Results (Table 6; page not supplied) report higher nervousness among participants who stopped exercising during lockdown than among those who started exercising. The claim broadens this finding to participants whose habits were disrupted generally; the reported nervousness comparison concerns a specific change in physical-activity habits. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredA person's daily routine might have a critical effect on their mental health during the first stages of lockdown.
“Research measuring the daily routines of 670 Italians during the first stages of lockdown showed that a person’s daily routine might have a critical effect on their mental health.”
From The Evolution of Psychological and Behavioral Consequences of Self-Isolation During Lockdown: A Longitudinal Study Across United Kingdom and Italy (2022) · cites this paper as [28]
The Methods (Sample; page unavailable) report 679 Italian participants, not 670. The Discussion (page unavailable) links exercise routines during the first weeks of lockdown with differences in emotional well-being, supporting the general point, but the study examined physical-activity routines rather than daily routines broadly. The Conclusions state that its design cannot establish causation. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredMaintaining regular habits during lockdown might prevent individuals from experiencing psychological and physical distress.
“Di Corrado et al. (28) suggested that maintaining regular habits during lockdown might prevent individuals from experiencing psychological and physical distress.”
From The Evolution of Psychological and Behavioral Consequences of Self-Isolation During Lockdown: A Longitudinal Study Across United Kingdom and Italy (2022) · cites this paper as [28]
Participants who maintained their training habits reported feeling more energy, less fatigue, and more calm.
“participants who maintained their training habits reported feeling more energy, less fatigue, and more calm”
From The Evolution of Psychological and Behavioral Consequences of Self-Isolation During Lockdown: A Longitudinal Study Across United Kingdom and Italy (2022) · cites this paper as [28]
Participants who started exercising during the lockdown reported higher levels of happiness.
“participants who started exercising during the lockdown reported higher levels of happiness”
From The Evolution of Psychological and Behavioral Consequences of Self-Isolation During Lockdown: A Longitudinal Study Across United Kingdom and Italy (2022) · cites this paper as [28]
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- Authors
- Di Corrado, D., Magnano, P., Muzii, B., Coco, M., Guarnera, M., De Lucia, S., & Maldonato, N. M.
- Affiliations
- Università degli Studi di Enna Kore (IT)
- University of Naples Federico II (IT)
- University of Catania (IT)
- Venue
- Sport Sciences for Health
- Published
- 2020-09-25
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 619-624
- ISSN
- 1824-7490 (ISSN-L)
- 1825-1234
- PMC
- PMC7517049
- OpenAlex
- W3088662012
- Cited by
- 66
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 5.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Sport Sciences for Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › COVID-19 Prevention and Impact
- Keywords
- COVID-19 pandemic, social distancing, psychological impact, emotional symptoms, physical activity, exercise habits, lockdown, Italy, psychological intervention
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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