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Tryptophan-enriched cereal intake improves nocturnal sleep, melatonin, serotonin, and total antioxidant capacity levels and mood in elderly humans
Open accessAbstract
Melatonin and serotonin rhythms, which exhibit a close association with the endogenous circadian component of sleep, are attenuated with increasing age. This decrease seems to be linked to sleep alterations in the elderly. Chrononutrition is a field of chronobiology that establishes the principle of consuming foodstuffs at times of the day when they are more useful for health, improving, therefore, biorhythms and physical performance. Our aim was to analyze whether the consumption of cereals enriched with tryptophan, the precursor of both serotonin and melatonin, may help in the reconsolidation of the sleep/wake cycle and counteract depression and anxiety in 35 middle-aged/elderly (aged 55-75 year) volunteers in a simple blind assay. Data were collected for 3 weeks according to the following schedule: The control week participants consumed standard cereals (22.5 mg tryptophan in 30 g cereals per dose) at breakfast and dinner; for the treatment week, cereals enriched with a higher dose of tryptophan (60 mg tryptophan in 30 g cereals per dose) were eaten at both breakfast and dinner; the posttreatment week volunteers consumed their usual diet. Each participant wore a wrist actimeter that logged activity during the whole experiment. Urine was collected to analyze melatonin and serotonin urinary metabolites and to measure total antioxidant capacity. The consumption of cereals containing the higher dose in tryptophan increased sleep efficiency, actual sleep time, immobile time, and decreased total nocturnal activity, sleep fragmentation index, and sleep latency. Urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels, and urinary total antioxidant capacity also increased respectively after tryptophan-enriched cereal ingestion as well as improving anxiety and depression symptoms. Cereals enriched with tryptophan may be useful as a chrononutrition tool for alterations in the sleep/wake cycle due to age.
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“there is emerging evidence suggesting that the timing of dietary intake, so-called chrono-nutrition, may be influenced by an individual's chronotype (18–21).”
From Chronotype: Implications for Epidemiologic Studies on Chrono-Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health (2019) · cites this paper as [18]
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“Actimetry is a noninvasive method in which trials were performed with a high sample with these kinds of assays and gives enough information to evaluate if a diet improves activity/inactivity circadian rhythm (Adamec et al. 2010; Ancoli-Israel et al. 2003).”
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Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Cubero J, Otalora BB, Bravo R, Sánchez CL, Franco L, Uguz AC, Rodríguez AB, Barriga C (2011) Distribution of 5-HT receptors in the mammalian brain. Trends Cell Mol Biol 6:41–46
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Sejbuk, M., Mirończuk-Chodakowska, I., & Witkowska, A. M. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14091912 · Cited by 458
Tryptophan in health and disease
Comai, S., Bertazzo, A., Brughera, M., & Crotti, S. (2020) · Advances in clinical chemistry · doi:10.1016/bs.acc.2019.08.005 · Cited by 306
Analysis, Nutrition, and Health Benefits of Tryptophan
Friedman, M. (2018) · International Journal of Tryptophan Research · doi:10.1177/1178646918802282 · Cited by 293
Chronotype: Implications for Epidemiologic Studies on Chrono-Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health
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Melatonin as an anti-inflammatory agent modulating inflammasome activation
Favero, G., Franceschetti, L., Bonomini, F., Rodella, L. F., & Rezzani, R. (2017) · International Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1155/2017/1835195 · Cited by 233
Metadata
- Authors
- Bravo, R., Matito, S., Cubero, J., Paredes, S. D., Franco, L., Rivero, M., Rodríguez, A. B., & Barriga, C.
- Affiliations
- Universidad de Extremadura (ES)
- Servicio Extremeño de Salud (ES)
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid (ES)
- Ordesa (Spain) (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Bravo, R.
- Venue
- AGE
- Published
- 2012-05-24
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1277-1285
- ISSN
- 0161-9152 (ISSN-L)
- 1574-4647
- PMC
- PMC3705114
- OpenAlex
- W2017375828
- Cited by
- 199
- References
- 81
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- AGE (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Junta de Extremadura
- European Social Fund
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- chrononutrition, sleep quality, melatonin, serotonin, 6-sulfatoxymelatonin, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, total antioxidant capacity, sleep fragmentation, sleep latency, depression, anxiety, aging, older adults, circadian rhythm
- MeSH terms
- Affect, Aged, Aging, Antioxidants, Edible Grain, Circadian Rhythm, Female, Humans, Male, Melatonin, Middle Aged, Serotonin, Sleep, Tryptophan
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