The DOI matches its Crossref record; 23 of the 24 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A Cluster Randomized Trial of Interventions to Improve Work Conditions and Clinician Burnout in Primary Care: Results from the Healthy Work Place (HWP) Study
Open accessAbstract
Background Work conditions in primary care are associated with physician burnout and lower quality of care.Objective We aimed to assess if improvements in work conditions improve clinician stress and burnout.Subjects Primary care clinicians at 34 clinics in the upper Midwest and New York City participated in the study.Study design This was a cluster randomized controlled trial.Measures Work conditions, such as time pressure, workplace chaos, and work control, as well as clinician outcomes, were measured at baseline and at 12-18 months. A brief worklife and work conditions summary measure was provided to staff and clinicians at intervention sites.Interventions Diverse interventions were grouped into three categories: 1) improved communication; 2) changes in workflow, and 3) targeted quality improvement (QI) projects.Analysis Multilevel regressions assessed impact of worklife data and interventions on clinician outcomes. A multilevel analysis then looked at clinicians whose outcome scores improved and determined types of interventions associated with improvement.Results Of 166 clinicians, 135 (81.3%) completed the study. While there was no group treatment effect of baseline data on clinician outcomes, more intervention clinicians showed improvements in burnout (21.8% vs 7.1% less burned out, p = 0.01) and satisfaction (23.1% vs 10.0% more satisfied, p = 0.04). Burnout was more likely to improve with workflow interventions [Odds Ratio (OR) of improvement in burnout 5.9, p = 0.02], and with targeted QI projects than in controls (OR 4.8, p = 0.02). Interventions in communication or workflow led to greater improvements in clinician satisfaction (OR 3.1, p = 0.04), and showed a trend toward greater improvement in intention to leave (OR 4.2, p = 0.06).Limitations We used heterogeneous intervention types, and were uncertain how well interventions were instituted.Conclusions Organizations may be able to improve burnout, dissatisfaction and retention by addressing communication and workflow, and initiating QI projects targeting clinician concerns.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“programs that fostered more intensive, sustained, and meaningful interpersonal connections horizontally among peers,18-21 as well as vertically with supervisors,22 produced more consistent positive effects.”
From What do we really know about addressing burnout among healthcare workers? Maybe less than we think (2026) · cites this paper as [21]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“while communication skills trainings may be more likely to improve HCP's satisfaction and decrease the intention to leave the job [32].”
From The efficacy of applying the Interpersonal Effectiveness skills of dialectical behavior therapy into communication skills workshop for clinical nurses (2023) · cites this paper as [32]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Linzer et al. described that those who received interventions on improving communication skills had greater improvements in professional fulfillment or career satisfaction (OR = 3.1, p = 0.04), and trends in burnout (OR = 3.0, p = 0.08), or intentions to leave the job (OR = 4.2, p = 0.06) than controls [32].”
From The efficacy of applying the Interpersonal Effectiveness skills of dialectical behavior therapy into communication skills workshop for clinical nurses (2023) · cites this paper as [32]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“This trial found that clinics that implement workflow enhancements and target QI processes were more effective in reducing burnout than usual practice controls [39].”
From The Work-life Check-ins randomized controlled trial: a leader-based adaptive, semi-structured burnout intervention in primary care clinics (2024) · cites this paper as [39]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“A prior cluster randomized controlled trial at 34 primary care clinics was able to reduce burnout through an adaptive intervention approach, allowing clinics to decide priorities and tactics to address stressors.”
From The Work-life Check-ins randomized controlled trial: a leader-based adaptive, semi-structured burnout intervention in primary care clinics (2024) · cites this paper as [39]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“the effect was likely small, and not apparent when using continuous measures of burnout19 or on the initial analysis.21”
From What do we really know about addressing burnout among healthcare workers? Maybe less than we think (2026) · cites this paper as [21]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“they did report a significant difference in the proportion of clinicians with reduced burnout at least 1 year later.21”
From What do we really know about addressing burnout among healthcare workers? Maybe less than we think (2026) · cites this paper as [21]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Physician wellness: a missing quality indicator
Wallace, J. E., Lemaire, J. B., & Ghali, W. A. (2009) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)61424-0 · Cited by 1,608
West, C. P., Dyrbye, L. N., Rabatin, J. T., Call, T. G., Davidson, J. H., Multari, A., Romanski, S. A., Hellyer, J. M. H., Sloan, J. A., & Shanafelt, T. D. (2014) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.14387 · Cited by 695
Is the professional satisfaction of general internists associated with patient satisfaction?
Haas, J. S., Cook, E., Puopolo, A., Burstin, H. R., Cleary, P. D., & Brennan, T. A. (2000) · Journal of general internal medicine · doi:10.1046/j.1525-1497.2000.02219.x · Cited by 684
Occupational stress: Its causes and consequences for job performance.
Motowidlo, S. J., Packard, J. S., & Manning, M. R. (1986) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.71.4.618 · Cited by 670
Career Fit and Burnout Among Academic Faculty
Shanafelt, T. D., West, C. P., Sloan, J. A., Novotny, P. J., Poland, G. A., Menaker, R., Rummans, T. A., & Dyrbye, L. N. (2009) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2009.70 · Cited by 619
Physician Satisfaction and Burnout at Different Career Stages
Dyrbye, L. N., Varkey, P., Boone, S. L., Satele, D., Sloan, J. A., & Shanafelt, T. D. (2013) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2013.07.016 · Cited by 576
Rohland, B. M., Kruse, G. R., & Rohrer, J. E. (2004) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.1002 · Cited by 528
Working Conditions in Primary Care: Physician Reactions and Care Quality
Linzer, M., Manwell, L. B., Williams, E. S., Bobula, J. A., Brown, R., Varkey, A. B., Man, B., McMurray, J. E., Maguire, A., Horner-Ibler, B. A., et al. (2009) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-151-1-200907070-00006 · Cited by 520
Self-citationFactors Associated With Medical Students' Career Choices Regarding Internal Medicine
Hauer, K. E. (2008) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.300.10.1154 · Cited by 475
Reid, R. J., Fishman, P. A., Yu, O., Ross, T. R., Tufano, J. T., SOMAN, M. P., & Larson, E. B. (2009) · PubMed · Cited by 377
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Williams ES, Halbesleben JRB, Manwell L, et al. The effect of workplace stress and burnout on patient outcomes. In: Carayon P, ed. Handbook of Human Factors in Healthcare and Patient Safety. Mahwah: Erlbaum; 2011.
- Pathman DE, Konrad TR, Williams ES, Scheckler WE, Linzer M, Douglas J. Physician job satisfaction, job dissatisfaction and physician turnover. J Fam Pract. 2002;51(7):e593.
- Babbott S, Baier L, Linzer M, et al. Electronic health records and physician stress in office based practice. JAMIA. 2013;0:1–7.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 375
Jordan, J. E., Garner, K., Bones, K., McKenzie, L., Linzer, M., Rathert, C., Goelz, E., McCall, J., Sawyer, E., Geelen-Baass, B. N., et al. (2024) · Health Care Management Review · doi:10.1097/hmr.0000000000000420 · Cited by 9
Self-citationBaugh, J. J., Raja, A. S., & Takayesu, J. K. (2021) · Western Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.5811/westjem.2020.49180 · Cited by 9
Building Compassionate Experience Through Compassionate Action: Qualitative Behavioral Analysis
Desveaux, L., Wu, K., Rouleau, G., Srinivasan, D., Azavedo, R., Nguyen, M. D., Martin, D., & Gray, C. S. (2023) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/43981 · Cited by 8
Statewide improvement approach to clinician burnout: Findings from the baseline year
Britt, H. R., Koranne, R., & Rockwood, T. H. (2017) · Burnout Research · doi:10.1016/j.burn.2017.11.002 · Cited by 9
Trauma-Informed Care: Helping the Healthcare Team Thrive
Barnhill, J. L., Fisher, J. W., Kimel-Scott, K., & Weil, A. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-04342-1_11 · Cited by 9
Burnout Among Staff in a Home Hospital Pilot
Pian, J., Cannon, B., Schnipper, J. L., & Levine, D. M. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Medicine Research · doi:10.14740/jocmr3842 · Cited by 9
Burnout Among oncologists in the Republic of Korea: A nationwide survey
Yeob, K. E., Kim, S. Y., Park, B. R., Shin, D. W., Yang, H.-K., Park, K., Cho, J., & Park, J. H. (2019) · Current Problems in Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2019.100535 · Cited by 9
Blevins, D., Henry, B. F., Sung, M., Edelman, E. J., Black, A. C., Dawes, M. A., Molfenter, T. D., Hagle, H., Drexler, K. P. G., Cates‐Wessel, K., et al. (2021) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.202100080 · Cited by 9
Burnout and occupational stressors among non-medical occupational health staff
Okuda, Y., Iwasaki, S., Deguchi, Y., Nitta, T., Mitake, T., Sakaguchi, A., Niki, A., & Inoue, K. (2019) · Occupational Medicine · doi:10.1093/occmed/kqz160 · Cited by 9
The Gender Gap in EHR Workload: A Comparative Analysis of Primary Care Physician In Basket Usage
Branford, G. L., Bucala, M. D., Hepper, A., Hadeed, N. N., Northway, R. M., & Brenner, M. J. (2025) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-025-09629-w · Cited by 9
Improving Efficiency of Pediatric Hospital Medicine Team Daily Workflow
Unaka, N. I., Herrmann, L. E., Parker, M. W., Jerardi, K. E., Brady, P. W., Demeritt, B., Lichner, K., Carlisle, M. A., Treasure, J. D., Hickey, E., et al. (2019) · Hospital Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/hpeds.2019-0094 · Cited by 8
Kim, E., Mallett, R., Hrabok, M., Yang, Y., Moreau, C., Nwachukwu, I., Kravtsenyuk, M., Abba‐Aji, A., Li, D., & Agyapong, V. I. O. (2020) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/16285 · Cited by 8
Hallen, S. A. M., der Kloot, T. E. V., McCormack, C., Han, P. K. J., Lucas, F. L., Wierda, L., Meyer, D. A., Varaklis, K., & Bing‐You, R. G. (2020) · Journal of Graduate Medical Education · doi:10.4300/jgme-d-19-00675.1 · Cited by 8
Cousino, M. K., Bogle, C., Lim, H. M., McCormick, A. D., Sturza, J. S., Fredericks, E. M., Magee, J. C., & Blume, E. D. (2021) · Pediatric Transplantation · doi:10.1111/petr.14020 · Cited by 8
Raber, H., May, A. L., Tingey, B., Qeadan, F., Morrow, E. H., Mullin, S., Nickman, N. A., & Tyler, L. S. (2022) · American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy · doi:10.1093/ajhp/zxac172 · Cited by 9
Vail, S. G., Dierst-Davies, R., Kogut, D., Winslow, L. D., Kolb, D., Weckenman, A., Almeida, S., King, H. B., Chessen, E., Strickland, M., et al. (2022) · The Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety · doi:10.1016/j.jcjq.2022.11.004 · Cited by 8
Sharma, H. (2020) · Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.anai.2020.12.001 · Cited by 8
Burnout in medical oncology during the COVID-19 pandemic
Franceschi, E., & Brandes, A. A. (2020) · Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy · doi:10.1080/14737140.2021.1866549 · Cited by 8
Well‐being interventions for rural health professionals: A scoping review
McKennon, S., Fricke, S., & DeWitt, D. E. (2025) · The Journal of Rural Health · doi:10.1111/jrh.12909 · Cited by 10
Pierce, R. G., Maples, W. J., Krippner, J., Sexton, J. B., Adams, P., Amerson, T., Breslow, A., Clark, D. L., Paulus, R. A., & Duffy, M. B. (2021) · The Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety · doi:10.1016/j.jcjq.2021.05.010 · Cited by 7
Nutting, R., Ofei-Dodoo, S., Rose-Borcherding, K., & Strella, G. (2022) · PRiMER · doi:10.22454/primer.2022.746202 · Cited by 8
Ouedraogo, F., & Lefebvre, S. L. (2022) · Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association · doi:10.2460/javma.22.05.0218 · Cited by 7
Brower, K. J. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-55583-6_13 · Cited by 8
Flynn, V., & Messias, E. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-33264-8_6 · Cited by 7
The Economic Burden of BurnoutPreprint
Nekoei, A., Sigurðsson, J., & Wehr, D. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4827359 · Cited by 9
Clancy, P., & Cassarino, M. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0313767 · Cited by 6
Physician Burnout: Systemic Challenges and Individual Resilience
Busaidi, S. A., Al-Maqrashi, N., Amri, U. A., Habsi, N. A., Rasbi, S. A., Kashoub, M. S., Rawahi, M. A., Kaabi, H. A., & Alawi, A. M. A. (2025) · Journal of the Oman Medical Association · doi:10.3390/joma2020010 · Cited by 6
Houchens, N., Greene, M. T., Sen, S., Harry, E. M., Ratz, D., Fowler, K. E., & Saint, S. K. (2025) · BMJ Quality & Safety · doi:10.1136/bmjqs-2025-018813 · Cited by 7
Exploring the link between physician burnout and intentions to retire early
Jung, F. U. C. E., Bodendieck, E., Pabst, A., Luppa, M., & Riedel-Heller, S. G. (2025) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-025-24841-3 · Cited by 6
Organizational Interventions to Address Primary Care Provider Burnout: A Systematic Review
Ji, X., Dougherty, M., Lee, Y. S. H., Poghosyan, L., & Lelutiu‐Weinberger, C. (2025) · Medical Care Research and Review · doi:10.1177/10775587251391520 · Cited by 9
Divorce Among Surgeons and Other Physicians in the United States
Stearns, S. A., Farid, A. R., & Jena, A. B. (2024) · Annals of Surgery · doi:10.1097/sla.0000000000006531 · Cited by 6
Designing the careful and kind clinic: an evidence-based approach
Poplau, S., Linzer, M., Allwood, D., Montori, V. M., Armbruster, R., & Koka, S. (2021) · BMJ Leader · doi:10.1136/leader-2021-000538 · Cited by 6
Self-citationHurley‐Kim, K., Keyvani, A., Ahmed, R., Wong, H.-W., & McBane, S. E. (2023) · Journal of Primary Care & Community Health · doi:10.1177/21501319231168716 · Cited by 7
Heavner, S. F., Stuenkel, M., Sellers, R. R., McCallus, R., Dean, K. D., Wilson, C. A., Shuffler, M. L., Britt, T. W., Taylor, S. S., Benedum, M., et al. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20115953 · Cited by 6
Cochrane in CORR®: Preventing Occupational Stress in Healthcare Workers
McCarthy, C., & Bhandari, M. (2019) · Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · doi:10.1097/corr.0000000000000735 · Cited by 8
The heightened focus on wellness in dermatology residency education
Stratman, E. J., Anthony, E., Stratman, Z. E., & Schulein, M. J. (2020) · Clinics in Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2020.02.011 · Cited by 6
Boateng, A., & Aslakson, R. A. (2019) · The American Journal of Bioethics · doi:10.1080/15265161.2019.1674423 · Cited by 6
Pittman, P., & Meeker, S. A. (2025) · Journal of Primary Care & Community Health · doi:10.1177/21501319251342103 · Cited by 7
Leduc, M., Sinesi, A., Kenneally, M., Maxwell, M., Greiner, B. A., Aust, B., Piña, C., Czaplicki, A., Coppens, E., Burdorf, A., et al. (2025) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/s13643-025-02881-5 · Cited by 5
Análise da produção científica sobre a síndrome de burnout em médicos da atenção primária
Montandon, F. A. F., Pereira, R. P. A., & Savassi, L. C. M. (2022) · Revista Brasileira de Medicina de Família e Comunidade · doi:10.5712/rbmfc17(44)2937 · Cited by 5
Altun, A., Brown, H. L., Sturgiss, E. A., & Russell, G. M. (2024) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-024-11506-x · Cited by 5
Professional Coaching to Reduce Physician Burnout: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Khalili, J., Miotto, K. A., Wang, T. S., Mafi, J. N., Kyababchyan, E., Sanford, J., Elashoff, D. A., Brook, J. K., Adebambo, Y. V., Smith, P.-A. I., et al. (2025) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-025-09653-w · Cited by 10
Factors associated with participation and completion of a survey-based study
Yale, S. H., Liang, H., Schmelzer, J. R., Poplau, S., Bell, L. N., Toklu, H. Z., Brown, R., Williams, E. S., & Linzer, M. (2018) · International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance · doi:10.1108/ijhcqa-02-2017-0029 · Cited by 5
Self-citationPhysician Burnout in Canada: Challenges and Possible Future Interventions
Manchanda, K. (2021) · Healthy Populations Journal · doi:10.15273/hpj.v1i2.10588 · Cited by 5
Burnout: Definition, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Prevention, and Interventions Literature Reviews
Bouskill, K., Danz, M., Meredith, L. S., Chen, C., Chang, J., Baxi, S. M., Huynh, D., Al-Ibrahim, H., Motala, A., Larkin, J., et al. (2022) · RAND Corporation eBooks · doi:10.7249/rr-a428-1 · Cited by 7
Factors That Impact Caseload and Case Acuity in Outpatient Mental Health and Family Maltreatment
Nichols, S. R., Hart, R., Dills, A., Heyman, R. E., Slep, A. M. S., & Collins, P. S. (2022) · Social Work Research · doi:10.1093/swr/svac024 · Cited by 6
Mental health of general practitioners in Chongqing, China during COVID-19: a cross-sectional study
Xu, Y., Deng, J., Tan, W., Yang, W. I., & Deng, H. (2023) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068333 · Cited by 5
Resident physician depression: systemic challenges and possible solutions
Pereira‐Lima, K., & Sen, S. (2024) · Trends in Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2024.08.001 · Cited by 5
Tawfik, D. S., Shanafelt, T. D., Bayati, M., & Profit, J. (2024) · JMIR Medical Informatics · doi:10.2196/64722 · Cited by 6
Caloyeras, J. P., Kanter, M. H., Ives, N., Kim, C. Y., Kanzaria, H. K., Berry, S. H., & Brook, R. H. (2016) · The Permanente Journal · doi:10.7812/tpp/15-163 · Cited by 5
Jung, M., Libaw, J. S., Manuel, S. P., Kathiriya, I. S., Srejic, U., & Gandhi, S. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Anesthesia · doi:10.1016/j.jclinane.2021.110192 · Cited by 5
Origin Storytelling in Faculty Well-being: A Pilot Study
Nutting, R., Nilsen, K. M., Walling, A. D., & Level, E. (2021) · PRiMER · doi:10.22454/primer.2021.833623 · Cited by 5
Deutsch, A. J., Sangha, H. K., Spadaro, A., Goldenring, J., Mamtani, M., Scott, K. R., Conlon, L. W., & Agarwal, A. K. (2021) · AEM Education and Training · doi:10.1002/aet2.10712 · Cited by 5
Letter to the Editor: Career satisfaction and burnout among neurosurgeons
Smith, K. A., & Glusman, M. B. (2016) · Journal of neurosurgery · doi:10.3171/2015.8.jns151891 · Cited by 5
A Home Repair and Modification Program Embedded Within Mount Sinai Visiting Doctors
Schiller, G., Seligman, A., Lubetsky, S., DeCherrie, L. V., Reckrey, J. M., Kopke, V., Bacher, N., Bhatia, S., & Ornstein, K. A. (2023) · Journal of Applied Gerontology · doi:10.1177/07334648221142599 · Cited by 4
Healthcare Provider Burnout: Red Flag for a Rising Epidemic
Adams, A., Alhujaily, E., Anil, V., Kandah, O., Eisenberg, A. P., Decker, K., Khouzam, S. R., Nagabandi, S., & Khouzam, R. N. (2024) · Southern Medical Journal · doi:10.14423/smj.0000000000001752 · Cited by 4
Sasaki, N., Pang, J., Surdu, S., Morrissey, R. W., Vujicic, M., & Moore, J. (2025) · PubMed Central · doi:10.1093/haschl/qxae147 · Cited by 4
Amano, A., Makowski, M. S., Trockel, M., Menon, N. K., Wang, H., Sliwa, J. A., Weinstein, S. L., Kinney, C. L., Paganoni, S., Verduzco‐Gutierrez, M., et al. (2024) · American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/phm.0000000000002555 · Cited by 5
The joy of surgery: how surgeons experience joy, time, and support
Hughes, D., Hanson, M. N., Alseidi, A. A., Bittner, J. G., Romanelli, J. R., Vassiliou, M. C., Feldman, L. S., & Asbun, H. J. (2024) · Surgical Endoscopy · doi:10.1007/s00464-024-10961-1 · Cited by 4
Commentaries on health services research
Dehn, R. W., Jones, P. E., & Ritsema, T. S. (2013) · JAAPA · doi:10.1097/01.jaa.0000436516.23428.af · Cited by 4
Tavakolikashi, M., Hallen, S. A. M., Zelaya-Floyd, M. I., White, P. E., Varaklis, K., der Kloot, T. E. V., Perron, A. D., Wilson, E., & Bing‐You, R. G. (2021) · Journal of Maine Medical Center · doi:10.46804/2641-2225.1063 · Cited by 4
Optimizing Wellness in Academic Emergency Medicine
Nordenholz, K. E., Alvarez, A., Lall, M. D., Stehman, C. R., Bitter, C. C., Hirsh, E., Manfredi, R. A., Sikora, R., Lu, D. W., Sánchez, L. D., et al. (2020) · Journal of Wellness · doi:10.18297/jwellness/vol2/iss2/8 · Cited by 4
Burn Bright II: Reflections on Solutions to Burnout (Part Two of a Two-Part Series)
Ricker, M., & Ranjbar, N. E. (2018) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2018.09.014 · Cited by 4
Hurtado, D. A., Boyd, J., Madjlesi, R., Greenspan, S. A., Ezekiel-Herrera, D., Potgieter, G., Hammer, L. B., Everson, T., & Lenhart, A. (2024) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2024.107609 · Cited by 3
Evidence That Nurses Need to Participate in Diagnosis: Lessons From Malpractice Claims.
Gleason, K. T., Jones, R., Rhodes, C. J., Greenberg, P., Harkless, G., Goeschel, C., Cahill, M., & Graber, M. L. (2021) · PubMed · doi:10.1097/pts.0000000000000621 · Cited by 3
Choi, H., Park, J., Yeo, S., Na, S.-J., & Kwon, H.-J. (2025) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare13151856 · Cited by 3
Wellness, burnout, and the dermatologist: Fundamentals for practice longevity
Kurtzman, D. J. B. (2020) · Clinics in Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2020.02.010 · Cited by 3
Improving Efficiency of Primary Care Provider Communication for Uncomplicated Admissions
Ostermeier, A., Ferro, E., Voet, S., Warniment, A., Albrecht, J., Manfroy, P., & Gosdin, C. H. (2021) · Hospital Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/hpeds.2020-005637 · Cited by 3
Feasibility of a “Network of Champions” in implementing a program to address physician well-being
Palamara, K. (2021) · Journal of Wellness · doi:10.18297/jwellness/vol3/iss3/2 · Cited by 3
Al-Mahrouqi, T., Sinawi, H. A., Ghailani, A. A., Al‐Balushi, N., Jose, S., & Al‐Alawi, M. (2022) · Middle East Current Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s43045-022-00221-0 · Cited by 3
Burnout Among Breast Radiologists: How Can We Restore Fulfillment?
Dwan, D., & Dialani, V. M. (2023) · Journal of Breast Imaging · doi:10.1093/jbi/wbad014 · Cited by 3
Pignatiello, G. A., Cuccia, A. F., & Boston‐Leary, K. (2023) · Nursing Outlook · doi:10.1016/j.outlook.2023.101983 · Cited by 4
Developing LHS scholars’ competency around reducing burnout and moral injury
Yilmaz, S., LeClaire, M. M., Begnaud, A., McKinney, W. T., Boehmer, K. R., Schaffhausen, C. R., & Linzer, M. (2023) · Learning Health Systems · doi:10.1002/lrh2.10378 · Cited by 4
Self-citationImpact of Physical Activity Programs on Job-Related Stress among Healthcare Personnel
Almuhaidb, M., AlDossary, N., Al-Qarni, H., Haqwi, A. I. A., Alshihre, M., & Alyami, A. (2023) · International Journal for Scientific Research · doi:10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n11p21 · Cited by 3
Tawfik, D. S., Sebok‐Syer, S. S., Bragdon, C. L., Brown‐Johnson, C. G., Winget, M., Bayati, M., Shanafelt, T. D., & Profit, J. (2025) · Applied Clinical Informatics · doi:10.1055/a-2595-0415 · Cited by 3
Hejjaji, V., GOSCH, K. L., Jones, P. G., Breeding, T., Spertus, J. A., & Arnold, S. V. (2020) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.119.015157 · Cited by 3
Introductory Chapter: Teams in Healthcare - A Voyage from ‘Nice to Have’ to ‘the Way to Go’
Taylor, N., Zighelboim, I., Sholevar, F., Stawicki, S. P., & Firstenberg, M. S. (2021) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.95487 · Cited by 3
Kovess–Masféty, V., Saunder, L., & Mellor, N. (2019) · Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail/Archives des maladies professionnelles et de l'environnement · doi:10.1016/j.admp.2019.10.003 · Cited by 3
Ahmad, A. S. (2021) · Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.giec.2021.05.002 · Cited by 4
Adair, K. C., Rehder, K. J., & Sexton, J. B. (2020) · Aligning perspectives on health, safety and well-being · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-60998-6_18 · Cited by 3
Is general practice engaged with physical activity promotion?
Cooper, M., & Shurlock, J. (2015) · British Journal of General Practice · doi:10.3399/bjgp15x687289 · Cited by 3
Ruple, C., Brodhead, J., Rabinovich, L., Junghaenel, D. U., Nakamura, T., Wong, J., De-Oliveira, S., Brown, J. C., Nguyen, P., Horn, J., et al. (2024) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-024-12131-4 · Cited by 2
Petrino, R., Garcı́a-Castrillo, L., Castiglioni, D. A., Yilmaz, B., & Mascherona, I. (2025) · European Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1097/mej.0000000000001272 · Cited by 2
Burnout as a process driver of surgical attrition: a narrative review of the path to dropout
Ishido, K., Sano, K., Poudel, S., Naito, Z., Motoyoshi, A., & Hirano, S. (2025) · Global Surgical Education - Journal of the Association for Surgical Education · doi:10.1007/s44186-025-00418-x · Cited by 2
Wolpaw, J. T., & Adair, K. C. (2021) · Journal of Patient Safety · doi:10.1097/pts.0000000000000681 · Cited by 2
Gregory, M. E., Rothwell, C. D., & McAlearney, A. S. (2020) · Aligning perspectives on health, safety and well-being · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-60998-6_16 · Cited by 3
Addressing Hypertension Disparities via Systems Dynamics: Insights From Community Health Connections
Krishna, K., & Franciosa, M. (2024) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.68763 · Cited by 2
The therapeutic effects of urban walks on healthcare workers: green vs. barren settings
Saeidi-Rizi, F., Chang, C., & SULLIVAN, W. C. (2025) · Landscape and Ecological Engineering · doi:10.1007/s11355-025-00668-3 · Cited by 2
Do No Harm, Except Unto Thyself
Meese, K. A., & Borkowski, N. M. (2017) · Anesthesia & Analgesia · doi:10.1213/ane.0000000000002517 · Cited by 2
Avoiding burnout: A gastroenterologist's toolbox
Patel, R. V., & Keswani, R. N. (2019) · Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy · doi:10.1016/j.tgie.2019.07.004 · Cited by 2
Durgun, S., & Tayfun, A. (2022) · Leisure/Loisir · doi:10.1080/14927713.2022.2118819 · Cited by 3
Gheidar, Y., Lessard, L., & Yao, Y. (2023) · IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference Workshops (REW) · doi:10.1109/rew57809.2023.00084 · Cited by 2
Sarıgül, S. S. (2024) · Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi · doi:10.30783/nevsosbilen.1419435 · Cited by 3
Privitera, M. R. (2019) · Health · doi:10.4236/health.2019.119095 · Cited by 2
Addressing Uncertainty in Burnout Assessment
Palamara, K., Linzer, M., & Shanafelt, T. D. (2018) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000002116 · Cited by 2
Self-citationMcKinley, T. F. (2019) · ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository (University of Louisville) · doi:10.18297/etd/3219 · Cited by 1
The Economic Burden of BurnoutPreprint
Nekoei, A., Sigurðsson, J., & Wehr, D. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4856947 · Cited by 2
Sullivan, E. E., Khazen, M., Arabadjis, S. D., Mirica, M., Ramos, J. M., Olson, A. P. J., Linzer, M., & Schiff, G. D. (2023) · Diagnosis · doi:10.1515/dx-2022-0118 · Cited by 1
Self-citationLinzer, M. (2025) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/mlr.0000000000002120 · Cited by 1
Self-citationHealthcare worker burnout: rethinking the maslach burnout inventory
Sullivan, E. E., Martin, C. L., Linzer, M., Balius, P. N., Demmer, R. T., & Fulkerson, J. A. (2025) · Psychology Health & Medicine · doi:10.1080/13548506.2025.2487949 · Cited by 1
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Linzer, M., Poplau, S., Grossman, E., Varkey, A., Yale, S., Williams, E., Hicks, L., Brown, R. L., Wallock, J., Kohnhorst, D., & Barbouche, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- New York University (US)
- Loyola University Medical Center (US)
- Marshfield Clinic (US)
- University of Alabama (US)
- University of Missouri (US)
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Corresponding author
- Linzer, Mark
- Venue
- Journal of General Internal Medicine
- Published
- 2015-02-28
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1105-1111
- ISSN
- 0884-8734 (ISSN-L)
- 1525-1497
- PMC
- PMC4510236
- OpenAlex
- W2057226650
- Cited by
- 376
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 50 · 2020: 57 · 2019: 53 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 6
- FWCI
- 42.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of General Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (5r18hs018160-03, R18HS018160)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Occupational Health and Burnout
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
- Keywords
- clinician burnout, working conditions, primary care, workflow redesign, communication intervention, quality improvement projects, provider satisfaction, turnover intention, time pressure, job control
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Burnout, Professional, Communication, Female, Humans, Interprofessional Relations, Job Satisfaction, Male, Middle Aged, Quality of Life, Stress, Psychological, Cluster Analysis, Workplace, Workflow, Physicians, Primary Care, Quality Improvement
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
