Cited by 294Deep Brain Stimulation and Movement DisordersMotor Control and AdaptationTranscranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies

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The pathophysiology of essential tremor and parkinson's tremor

Helmich, Rick C., Toni, Ivan, Deuschl, Günther, Bloem, Bastiaan R.·2013·Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports

DOI 10.1007/s11910-013-0378-8

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Abstract

We review recent evidence about the pathophysiology of essential tremor and tremor in Parkinson's disease. We believe that a network perspective is necessary to understand this common neurological symptom, and that knowledge of cerebral network dysfunction in tremor disorders will help to develop new therapies. Both essential tremor and Parkinson's tremor are associated with increased activity in the cerebellothalamocortical circuit. However, different pathophysiological mechanisms lead to tremulous activity within this circuit. In Parkinson's disease, evidence suggests that dopaminergic dysfunction of the pallidum triggers increased activity in the cerebellothalamocortical circuit. In essential tremor, GABAergic dysfunction of the cerebellar dentate nucleus and brain stem, possibly caused by neurodegeneration in these regions, may lead to tremulous activity within the cerebellothalamocortical circuit. In both disorders, network parameters such as the strength and directionality of interregional coupling are crucially altered. Exciting new research uses these network parameters to develop network-based therapies, such as closed-loop deep brain stimulation and transcranial magnetic or direct current stimulation.

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See all 294

Authors: Helmich, R. C., Toni, I., Deuschl, G., & Bloem, B. R.
Affiliations: Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (DE)
Corresponding author: Helmich, Rick C.
ORCID: Helmich, Rick C.
Toni, Ivan
Deuschl, Günther
Bloem, Bastiaan R.
Venue: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2013-07-27
Volume: 13
Issue: 9
Pages: 378-378
ISSN: 1528-4042 (ISSN-L)
1534-6293
DOI: 10.1007/s11910-013-0378-8
OpenAlex: W2032330693
Cited by: 294
References: 106
Citations by year: 2026: 13 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 3
FWCI: 1.93
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Deep Brain Stimulation and Movement Disorders
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
Keywords: essential tremor, Parkinson's disease, tremor pathophysiology, dopaminergic dysfunction, globus pallidus, GABAergic dysfunction, cerebellar dentate nucleus, brainstem, closed-loop deep brain stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, direct current stimulation
MeSH terms: Animals, Electric Stimulation Therapy, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Humans, Movement Disorders, Nerve Net, Parkinson Disease, Essential Tremor

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The pathophysiology of essential tremor and parkinson's tremor

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