Cited by 107Traumatic Brain Injury ResearchTraumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular DisturbancesCognitive Functions and Memory

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The cholinergic hypothesis of cognitive impairment caused by traumatic brain injury

Arciniegas, David B.·2003·Current Psychiatry Reports

DOI 10.1007/s11920-003-0074-5

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Abstract

Cognitive impairments are among the most common neuropsychiatric sequelae of traumatic brain injury at all levels of severity. Cerebral cholinergic neurons and their ascending projections are particularly vulnerable to acute and chronic traumatically mediated dysfunction. In light of the important role of acetylcholine in arousal, attention, memory, and other aspects of cognition, cerebral cholinergic systems contribute to and may also be a target for pharmacologic remediation among individuals with post-traumatic cognitive impairments. This article will review the evidence in support of this hypothesis. Evidence of relatively selective damage to cholinergic injury, the development of persistent anticholinergic sensitivity, and the effects of cholinergic augmentation on memory performance are presented first. Thereafter, neuropathologic, electrophysiologic, and pharmacologic evidence of cholinergic dysfunction after traumatic brain injury in humans is reviewed. Finally, future directions for investigation of the cholinergic hypothesis and possible clinical applications of this information are discussed.

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Authors: Arciniegas, D. B.
Affiliations: HealthONE Spalding Rehabilitation Hospital (US)
Corresponding author: Arciniegas, David B.
ORCID: Arciniegas, David B.
Venue: Current Psychiatry Reports
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2003-09
Volume: 5
Issue: 5
Pages: 391-399
ISSN: 1523-3812 (ISSN-L)
1535-1645
DOI: 10.1007/s11920-003-0074-5
OpenAlex: W2021978868
Cited by: 107
References: 86
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 10 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
FWCI: 0.70
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Current Psychiatry Reports (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
Keywords: traumatic brain injury, cognitive impairment, cholinergic hypothesis, acetylcholine, cholinergic neurons, memory, post-traumatic cognitive impairment, cholinergic dysfunction
MeSH terms: Acetylcholine, Animals, Brain, Brain Injuries, Cognition, Cognition Disorders, Electrophysiology, Humans, Receptors, Cholinergic

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The cholinergic hypothesis of cognitive impairment caused by traumatic brain injury

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