Cited by 176Forensic Toxicology and Drug AnalysisAutopsy Techniques and OutcomesHistorical and Scientific Studies

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Postmortem toxicology

Skopp, Gisela·2010·Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology

DOI 10.1007/s12024-010-9150-4

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Abstract

Results from toxicological analyses in death investigations are used to determine whether foreign substances were a cause of death, whether they contributed to death, or whether they caused impairment. Drug concentrations are likely to change during pre-terminal stages due to altered pharmacokinetics, to treatment during resuscitation or in the intensive care unit, to concomitant illness or to the presence of drug tolerance. The potential for postmortem changes must be considered in all but a few drugs. Formation of new entities as well as degradation of drugs may occur, especially in putrefied corpses; in addition, body fluids and tissues may be severely affected by autolysis and putrefaction. Specimens should be selected based on individual case history and on their availability. Analytical procedures should be performed in accordance with a proper quality assurance program for toxicological investigations. Problems are most likely to occur during the isolation and identification of a drug. Interpretation of analytical results is often limited by the inadequate information provided in a particular case.

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Authors: Skopp, G.
Affiliations: Heidelberg University (DE)
Corresponding author: Skopp, Gisela
ORCID: Skopp, Gisela
Venue: Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2010-03-04
Volume: 6
Issue: 4
Pages: 314-325
ISSN: 1547-769X (ISSN-L)
1556-2891
DOI: 10.1007/s12024-010-9150-4
OpenAlex: W4240389001
Semantic Scholar: b995434b824e829ec5fc3e4adb7e2415f36efd0f
Cited by: 176
References: 16
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 7
FWCI: 11.35
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Forensic Science Medicine and Pathology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Toxicology › Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Autopsy Techniques and Outcomes
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Historical and Scientific Studies
Keywords: postmortem toxicology, postmortem changes, drug degradation, putrefaction, autolysis, pharmacokinetics, drug tolerance, specimen selection, death investigation, drug identification
MeSH terms: Autopsy, Body Fluids, Cause of Death, Drug Therapy, Humans, Pharmacokinetics, Poisoning, Postmortem Changes, Specimen Handling, Reproducibility of Results, Substance Abuse Detection, Artifacts, Substance-Related Disorders, Forensic Toxicology

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