Measuring Consciousness in the Intensive Care Unit

ASSESSMENT OF COMA AND IMPAIRED CONSCIOUSNESS

Teasdale, G., & Jennett, B. (1974) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(74)91639-0 · Cited by 13,215 · see citing works

Family history of subarachnoid haemorrhage: supplemental value of scrutinizing all relatives.

Greebe, P., Bromberg, J. E. C., Rinkel, G. J. E., Algra, A., & van Gijn, J. (1997) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.62.3.273 · Cited by 4,137 · see citing works

Traumatic brain injury: integrated approaches to improve prevention, clinical care, and research

Maas, A. I. R., Menon, D. K., Adelson, P. D., Andelic, N., Bell, M. J., Belli, A., Bragge, P., Brazinova, A., Büki, A., Chesnut, R. M., et al. (2017) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(17)30371-x · Cited by 2,609 · see citing works

Detecting awareness in the vegetative state

Owen, A. M., Coleman, M. R., Boly, M., Davis, M. H., Laureys, S., & Pickard, J. D. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1130197 · Cited by 1,978 · see citing works

The JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised: Measurement characteristics and diagnostic utility11No commercial party having a direct financial interest in the results of the research supporting this article has or will confer a benefit upon the authors or upon any organization with which the authors are associated.

Giacino, J. T., Kalmar, K., & Whyte, J. (2004) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2004.02.033 · Cited by 1,884 · see citing works

Integrated information theory: from consciousness to its physical substrate

Tononi, G., Boly, M., Massimini, M., & Koch, C. (2016) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn.2016.44 · Cited by 1,727 · see citing works

Neural correlates of consciousness: progress and problems

Koch, C., Massimini, M., Boly, M., & Tononi, G. (2016) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn.2016.22 · Cited by 1,600 · see citing works

Safety and recommendations for TMS use in healthy subjects and patient populations, with updates on training, ethical and regulatory issues: Expert Guidelines

Rossi, S., Antal, A., Bestmann, S., Bikson, M., Brewer, C., Brockmöller, J., Carpenter, L. L., Cincotta, M., Chen, R., Daskalakis, J. D., et al. (2021) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2020.10.003 · Cited by 1,573 · see citing works

Consciousness as integrated information: a provisional manifesto

Tononi, G. (2008) · The Biological Bulletin · doi:10.2307/25470707 · Cited by 1,529 · see citing works

A theoretically based index of consciousness independent of sensory processing and behavior

Casali, A. G., Gosseries, O., Rosanova, M., Boly, M., Sarasso, S., Casali, K. R., Casarotto, S., Bruno, M.-A., Laureys, S., Tononi, G., et al. (2013) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3006294 · Cited by 1,246 · see citing works

Validation of a new coma scale: The FOUR score

Wijdicks, E. F. M., Bamlet, W. R., Maramattom, B. V., Manno, E. M., & McClelland, R. L. (2005) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.20611 · Cited by 1,121 · see citing works

Recovery from disorders of consciousness: mechanisms, prognosis and emerging therapies

Edlow, B. L., Claassen, J., Schiff, N. D., & Greer, D. M. (2020) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/s41582-020-00428-x · Cited by 744 · see citing works

European Academy of Neurology guideline on the diagnosis of coma and other disorders of consciousness

Kondziella, D., Bender, A., Diserens, K., van Erp, W. S., Estraneo, A., Formisano, R., Laureys, S., Naccache, L., Öztürk, Ş., Rohaut, B., et al. (2020) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1111/ene.14151 · Cited by 735 · see citing works

Bedside detection of awareness in the vegetative state: a cohort study

Cruse, D., Chennu, S., Chatelle, C., Bekinschtein, T. A., Fernández‐Espejo, D., Pickard, J. D., Laureys, S., & Owen, A. M. (2011) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)61224-5 · Cited by 714 · see citing works

Critical illness polyneuropathy and myopathy: a major cause of muscle weakness and paralysis

Latronico, N., & Bolton, C. F. (2011) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(11)70178-8 · Cited by 690 · see citing works

Detection of Brain Activation in Unresponsive Patients with Acute Brain Injury

Claassen, J., Doyle, K. W., Matory, A., Couch, C., Burger, K. M., Velazquez, A. G., Okonkwo, J. U., King, J.-R., Park, S., Agarwal, S., et al. (2019) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1812757 · Cited by 521 · see citing works

Mortality associated with withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy for patients with severe traumatic brain injury: a Canadian multicentre cohort study

Turgeon, A. F., Lauzier, F., Simard, J.-F., Scales, D. C., Burns, K. E. A., Moore, L., Zygun, D. A., Bernard, F., Meade, M. O., Dung, T. C., et al. (2011) · Canadian Medical Association Journal · doi:10.1503/cmaj.101786 · Cited by 489 · see citing works

Stratification of unresponsive patients by an independently validated index of brain complexity

Casarotto, S., Comanducci, A., Rosanova, M., Sarasso, S., Fecchio, M., Napolitani, M., Pigorini, A., G. Casali, A., Trimarchi, P. D., Boly, M., et al. (2016) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.24779 · Cited by 487 · see citing works

Clinical utility and prospective of TMS–EEG

Tremblay, S., Rogasch, N. C., Premoli, I., Blumberger, D. M., Casarotto, S., Chen, R., Di Lazzaro, V., Farzan, F., Ferrarelli, F., Fitzgerald, P. B., et al. (2019) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2019.01.001 · Cited by 472 · see citing works

Recovery of cortical effective connectivity and recovery of consciousness in vegetative patients

Rosanova, M., Gosseries, O., Casarotto, S., Boly, M., Casali, A. G., Bruno, M.-A., Mariotti, M., Boveroux, P., Tononi, G., Laureys, S., et al. (2012) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awr340 · Cited by 457 · see citing works

Association of early withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy for perceived neurological prognosis with mortality after cardiac arrest

Elmer, J., Torres, C. D., Aufderheide, T. P., Austin, M., Callaway, C. W., Golan, E., Herren, H., Jasti, J., Kudenchuk, P. J., Scales, D. C., et al. (2016) · Resuscitation · doi:10.1016/j.resuscitation.2016.01.016 · Cited by 437 · see citing works

Comprehensive systematic review update summary: Disorders of consciousness

Giacino, J. T., Katz, D. I., Schiff, N. D., Whyte, J., Ashman, E. J., Ashwal, S., Barbano, R. L., Hammond, F. M., Laureys, S., Ling, G. S. F., et al. (2018) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000005928 · Cited by 432 · see citing works

The repetition of behavioral assessments in diagnosis of disorders of consciousness

Wannez, S., Heine, L., Thonnard, M., Gosseries, O., Laureys, S., & Coma Science Group collaborators (2017) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.24962 · Cited by 378 · see citing works

Early detection of consciousness in patients with acute severe traumatic brain injury

Edlow, B. L., Chatelle, C., Spencer-Salmon, C. A., Chu, C. J., Bodien, Y. G., O’Connor, K. L., Hirschberg, R. E., Hochberg, L. R., Giacino, J. T., Rosenthal, E. S., et al. (2017) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awx176 · Cited by 377 · see citing works

Robust EEG-based cross-site and cross-protocol classification of states of consciousness

Engemann, D. A., Raimondo, F., King, J.-R., Rohaut, B., Louppe, G., Faugeras, F., Annen, J., Cassol, H., Gosseries, O., Fernandez-Slezak, D., et al. (2018) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awy251 · Cited by 329 · see citing works

Measuring information integration

Tononi, G., & Sporns, O. (2003) · BMC Neuroscience · doi:10.1186/1471-2202-4-31 · Cited by 294 · see citing works

Prediction of outcome after moderate and severe traumatic brain injury

Roozenbeek, B., Lingsma, H. F., Lecky, F. E., Lü, J., Weir, J., Butcher, I., McHugh, G. S., Murray, G. D., Perel, P., Maas, A. I. R., et al. (2012) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0b013e31824519ce · Cited by 292 · see citing works

Dissociations between behavioural and functional magnetic resonance imaging-based evaluations of cognitive function after brain injury

Bardin, J. C., Fins, J. J., Katz, D. I., Hersh, J. E., Heier, L., Tabelow, K., Dyke, J. P., Ballon, D., Schiff, N. D., & Voss, H. U. (2011) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awr005 · Cited by 272 · see citing works

The Vegetative and Minimally Conscious States: A Comparison of Clinical Features and Functional Outcome

Giacino, J. T., & Kalmar, K. (1997) · Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/00001199-199708000-00005 · Cited by 269 · see citing works

SynthSR: A public AI tool to turn heterogeneous clinical brain scans into high-resolution T1-weighted images for 3D morphometry

Iglesias, J. E., Billot, B., Balbastre, Y., Magdamo, C., Arnold, S. E., Das, S., Edlow, B. L., Alexander, D. C., Golland, P., & Fischl, B. R. (2023) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.add3607 · Cited by 224 · see citing works

Clinical and advanced neurophysiology in the prognostic and diagnostic evaluation of disorders of consciousness: review of an IFCN-endorsed expert group

Comanducci, A., Boly, M., Claassen, J., Marzia De Lucia, E., Gibson, R. M., Juan, E., Laureys, S., Naccache, L., Owen, A. M., Rosanova, M., et al. (2020) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2020.07.015 · Cited by 203 · see citing works

Rights Come to Mind

Fins, J. J. (2015) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139051279 · Cited by 202 · see citing works

Consciousness among delta waves: a paradox?

Frohlich, J., Toker, D., & Monti, M. M. (2021) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awab095 · Cited by 197 · see citing works

Consciousness and complexity: a consilience of evidence

Sarasso, S., Casali, A. G., Casarotto, S., Rosanova, M., Sinigaglia, C., & Massimini, M. (2021) · Neuroscience of Consciousness · doi:10.1093/nc/niab023 · Cited by 171 · see citing works

Seizures from transcranial magnetic stimulation 2012–2016: Results of a survey of active laboratories and clinics

Lerner, A. J., Wassermann, E. M., & Tamir, D. (2019) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2019.03.016 · Cited by 170 · see citing works

Sleep-like cortical OFF-periods disrupt causality and complexity in the brain of unresponsive wakefulness syndrome patients

Rosanova, M., Fecchio, M., Casarotto, S., Sarasso, S., Casali, A. G., Pigorini, A., Comanducci, A., Seregni, F., Devalle, G., Citerio, G., et al. (2018) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-06871-1 · Cited by 167 · see citing works

The Curing Coma Campaign: Framing Initial Scientific Challenges—Proceedings of the First Curing Coma Campaign Scientific Advisory Council Meeting

Provencio, J. J., Hemphill, J. C., Claassen, J., Edlow, B. L., Helbok, R., Vespa, P. M., Diringer, M. N., Polizzotto, L., Shutter, L., Suarez, J. I., et al. (2020) · Neurocritical Care · doi:10.1007/s12028-020-01028-9 · Cited by 148 · see citing works

Joint super-resolution and synthesis of 1 mm isotropic MP-RAGE volumes from clinical MRI exams with scans of different orientation, resolution and contrast

Iglesias, J. E., Billot, B., Balbastre, Y., Tabari, A., Conklin, J., González, R. G., Alexander, D. C., Golland, P., Edlow, B. L., & Fischl, B. R. (2021) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118206 · Cited by 146 · see citing works

Reproducibility in TMS–EEG studies: A call for data sharing, standard procedures and effective experimental control

Belardinelli, P., Biabani, M., Blumberger, D. M., Bortoletto, M., Casarotto, S., Olivier David, A., Desideri, D., Etkin, A., Ferrarelli, F., Fitzgerald, P. B., et al. (2019) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2019.01.010 · Cited by 137 · see citing works

The rt-TEP tool: real-time visualization of TMS-Evoked Potentials to maximize cortical activation and minimize artifacts

Casarotto, S., Fecchio, M., Rosanova, M., Varone, G., D’Ambrosio, S., Sarasso, S., Pigorini, A., Russo, S., Comanducci, A., Ilmoniemi, R. J., et al. (2022) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2022.109486 · Cited by 134 · see citing works

A fast and general method to empirically estimate the complexity of brain responses to transcranial and intracranial stimulations

Comolatti, R., Pigorini, A., Casarotto, S., Fecchio, M., Faria, G., Sarasso, S., Rosanova, M., Gosseries, O., Boly, M., Bodart, O., et al. (2019) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2019.05.013 · Cited by 133 · see citing works

Cognitive-motor dissociation and time to functional recovery in patients with acute brain injury in the USA: a prospective observational cohort study

Egbebike, J. A., Shen, Q., Doyle, K. W., Der-Nigoghossian, C. A., Panicker, L., Gonzales, I. J., Grobois, L., Carmona, J. C., Vrosgou, A., Kaur, A., et al. (2022) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(22)00212-5 · Cited by 131 · see citing works

TAAC - TMS Adaptable Auditory Control: A universal tool to mask TMS clicks

Russo, S., Sarasso, S., Puglisi, G. E., Palù, D. D., Pigorini, A., Casarotto, S., D’Ambrosio, S., Astolfi, A., Massimini, M., Rosanova, M., et al. (2022) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2022.109491 · Cited by 126 · see citing works

Vegetative versus Minimally Conscious States: A Study Using TMS-EEG, Sensory and Event-Related Potentials

Ragazzoni, A., Pirulli, C., Veniero, D., Feurra, M., Cincotta, M., Giovannelli, F., Chiaramonti, R., Lino, M., Rossi, S., & Miniussi, C. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0057069 · Cited by 120 · see citing works

Ethical, palliative, and policy considerations in disorders of consciousness

Fins, J. J., & Bernat, J. L. (2018) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000005927 · Cited by 115 · see citing works

The strength of weak integrated information theory

Mediano, P. A. M., Rosas, F. E., Bor, D., Seth, A. K., & Barrett, A. B. (2022) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2022.04.008 · Cited by 115 · see citing works

Functional Networks in Disorders of Consciousness

Chatelle, C., Edlow, B. L., & Bodien, Y. G. (2017) · Seminars in Neurology · doi:10.1055/s-0037-1607310 · Cited by 98 · see citing works

The neuroethics of disorders of consciousness: a brief history of evolving ideas

Young, M. J., Bodien, Y. G., Giacino, J. T., Fins, J. J., Truog, R. D., Hochberg, L. R., & Edlow, B. L. (2021) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awab290 · Cited by 92 · see citing works

On the Cerebral Origin of EEG Responses to TMS: Insights From Severe Cortical Lesions

Gosseries, O., Sarasso, S., Casarotto, S., Boly, M., Caroline Schnakers, A., Napolitani, M., Bruno, M., Ledoux, D., Tshibanda, J., Massimini, M., et al. (2014) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2014.10.008 · Cited by 91 · see citing works

Psychedelics as a treatment for disorders of consciousness

Scott, G., & Carhart-Harris, R. L. (2019) · Neuroscience of Consciousness · doi:10.1093/nc/niz003 · Cited by 74 · see citing works

Assessment of Covert Consciousness in the Intensive Care Unit: Clinical and Ethical Considerations

Edlow, B. L., & Fins, J. J. (2018) · Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/htr.0000000000000448 · Cited by 71 · see citing works

Motor behavior unmasks residual cognition in disorders of consciousness

Pincherle, A., Jöhr, J., Chatelle, C., Pignat, J., Pasquier, R. D., Ryvlin, P., Oddo, M., & Diserens, K. (2019) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.25417 · Cited by 70 · see citing works

Neuroprognostication: a conceptual framework

Fischer, D. B., Edlow, B. L., Giacino, J. T., & Greer, D. M. (2022) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/s41582-022-00644-7 · Cited by 70 · see citing works

The Curing Coma Campaign International Survey on Coma Epidemiology, Evaluation, and Therapy (COME TOGETHER)

Helbok, R., Rass, V., Beghi, E., Bodien, Y. G., Citerio, G., Giacino, J. T., Kondziella, D., Mayer, S. A., Menon, D. K., Sharshar, T., et al. (2022) · Neurocritical Care · doi:10.1007/s12028-021-01425-8 · Cited by 70 · see citing works

The role of neuronavigation in TMS–EEG studies: Current applications and future perspectives

Lioumis, P., & Rosanova, M. (2022) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2022.109677 · Cited by 61 · see citing works

Personalized Connectome Mapping to Guide Targeted Therapy and Promote Recovery of Consciousness in the Intensive Care Unit

Edlow, B. L., Barra, M. E., Zhou, D. W., Foulkes, A. S., Snider, S. B., Threlkeld, Z. D., Chakravarty, S., KIRSCH, J. E., Chan, S., Meisler, S. L., et al. (2020) · Neurocritical Care · doi:10.1007/s12028-020-01062-7 · Cited by 60 · see citing works

Disorders of Consciousness Associated With COVID-19

Fischer, D. B., Snider, S. B., Barra, M. E., Sanders, W. R., Rapalino, O., Schaefer, P. W., Foulkes, A. S., Bodien, Y. G., & Edlow, B. L. (2021) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000013067 · Cited by 52 · see citing works

Detecting the Potential for Consciousness in Unresponsive Patients Using the Perturbational Complexity Index

Sinitsyn, D. O., Poydasheva, A. G., Bakulin, I. S., Legostaeva, L. A., Iazeva, E. G., Sergeev, D. V., Sergeeva, A. N., Kremneva, E. I., Николаевна, М. С., Lagoda, D. Y., et al. (2020) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci10120917 · Cited by 51 · see citing works

The Quest for Covert Consciousness

Young, M. J., & Edlow, B. L. (2021) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000011734 · Cited by 49 · see citing works

Functional Neuroimaging as an Assessment Tool in Critically Ill Patients

Norton, L. E., Kazazian, K., Gofton, T. E., Debicki, D., Fernández‐Espejo, D., Peelle, J. E., Althenayan, E., Young, G. B., & Owen, A. M. (2022) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.26530 · Cited by 45 · see citing works

Prolonged disorders of consciousness: a critical evaluation of the new UK guidelines

Scolding, N. J., Owen, A. M., & Keown, J. (2021) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awab063 · Cited by 44 · see citing works

Flowchart for Implementing Advanced Imaging and Electrophysiology in Patients With Disorders of Consciousness

Monti, M. M., & Schnakers, C. (2022) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000200038 · Cited by 41 · see citing works

Electrophysiological correlates of thalamocortical function in acute severe traumatic brain injury

Curley, W. H., Bodien, Y. G., Zhou, D. W., Conte, M. M., Foulkes, A. S., Giacino, J. T., Victor, J. D., Schiff, N. D., & Edlow, B. L. (2022) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2022.04.007 · Cited by 41 · see citing works

How to Make a Consciousness Meter

Christof Koch, A. (2017) · Scientific American · doi:10.1038/scientificamerican1117-28 · Cited by 41 · see citing works

Ethical Considerations in Clinical Trials for Disorders of Consciousness

Young, M. J., Bodien, Y. G., & Edlow, B. L. (2022) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci12020211 · Cited by 37 · see citing works

Bridging the gap: TMS-EEG from lab to clinic

Julkunen, P., Kimiskidis, V. Κ., & Belardinelli, P. (2022) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2022.109482 · Cited by 36 · see citing works

What Justifies the Allocation of Health Care Resources to Patients with Disorders of Consciousness?

Peterson, A. H., Aas, S., & Wasserman, D. (2021) · AJOB Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/21507740.2021.1896594 · Cited by 31 · see citing works

Unconsciousness or unresponsiveness in akinetic mutism? Insights from a multimodal longitudinal exploration

Comanducci, A., Casarotto, S., Rosanova, M., Derchi, C., Viganò, A., Pirastru, A., Blasi, V., Cazzoli, M., Navarro, J., Edlow, B. L., et al. (2023) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.15994 · Cited by 24 · see citing works

Cortical reactivity to transcranial magnetic stimulation predicts risk of post-stroke delirium

Bai, Y., Belardinelli, P., Thoennes, C., Blum, C., Baur, D., Laichinger, K., Lindig, T. M., Ziemann, U., & Mengel, A. (2022) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2022.11.017 · Cited by 20 · see citing works

Toward Uniform Insurer Coverage for Functional MRI Following Severe Brain Injury

Young, M. J., Bodien, Y. G., Freeman, H. J., Fecchio, M., & Edlow, B. L. (2023) · Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/htr.0000000000000864 · Cited by 19 · see citing works

Caregiver reactions to neuroimaging evidence of covert consciousness in patients with severe brain injury: a qualitative interview study

Peterson, A. H., Webster, F., González-Lara, L. E., Munce, S., Owen, A. M., & Weijer, C. (2021) · BMC Medical Ethics · doi:10.1186/s12910-021-00674-8 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Neurophysiologic predictors of individual risk for post‐operative delirium after elective surgery

Ross, J. M., Santarnecchi, E., Lian, S. J., Fong, T. G., Touroutoglou, A., Cavallari, M., Travison, T. G., Marcantonio, E. R., Libermann, T. A., Schmitt, E. M., et al. (2022) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.18072 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Perturb to predict: Brain complexity and post-stroke delirium

Massimini, M. (2023) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2023.01.022 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Critical Illness Weakness, Polyneuropathy and Myopathy: Diagnosis, treatment, and long-term outcomes

Latronico, N., Rasulo, F. A., Eikermann, M., & Piva, S. (2023) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-023-04676-3 · Cited by 67 · see citing works

Multimodal assessment improves neuroprognosis performance in clinically unresponsive critical-care patients with brain injury

Rohaut, B., Calligaris, C., Hermann, B., Perez, P., Faugeras, F., Raimondo, F., King, J. R., Engemann, D., Marois, C., Le Guennec, L., et al. (2024) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-024-03019-1 · Cited by 62 · see citing works

Critical dynamics in spontaneous EEG predict anesthetic-induced loss of consciousness and perturbational complexity

Maschke, C., O’Byrne, J., Colombo, M. A., Boly, M., Gosseries, O., Laureys, S., Rosanova, M., Jerbi, K., & Blain‐Moraes, S. (2024) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-024-06613-8 · Cited by 58 · see citing works

Functional neuroimaging in disorders of consciousness: towards clinical implementation

Kazazian, K., Monti, M. M., & Owen, A. M. (2025) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awaf075 · Cited by 41 · see citing works

Covert consciousness

Young, M. J., Edlow, B. L., & Bodien, Y. G. (2024) · Neurorehabilitation · doi:10.3233/nre-230123 · Cited by 33 · see citing works

Testing the Conjecture That Quantum Processes Create Conscious Experience

Neven, H., Read, P., Kosik, K. S., Van der Molen, T., Bouwmeester, D., Bodnia, E., Turin, L., & Koch, C. (2024) · doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1751.v1 · Cited by 33 · see citing works

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy: A novel tool for detecting consciousness after acute severe brain injury

Kazazian, K., Abdalmalak, A., Junior, S. L. N., Norton, L. E., Ardakani, R., Kolisnyk, M., Gofton, T. E., Mesquita, R. C., Owen, A. M., & Debicki, D. (2024) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2402723121 · Cited by 31 · see citing works

Clinical utility and prospective of TMS–EEG: Updated review from an international expert group

Ziemann, U., Bai, Y., Baumer, F. M., Beck, M. M., Belardinelli, P., Belvisi, D., Bender, S., Bergmann, T. O., Bortoletto, M., Casarotto, S., et al. (2026) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2025.2111487 · Cited by 35 · see citing works

Covert cortical processing: a diagnosis in search of a definition

Young, M. J., Fecchio, M., Bodien, Y. G., & Edlow, B. L. (2023) · Neuroscience of Consciousness · doi:10.1093/nc/niad026 · Cited by 28 · see citing works

Disorders of consciousness diagnosis, interventions, and prognostication for the intensivist: Report of the 2025 ISICEM roundtable

Bodien, Y. G., Busl, K. M., Chang, C. W. J., Claassen, J., Gaspard, N., Gosseries, O., Helbok, R., Massimini, M., Naccache, L., Newcombe, V., et al. (2025) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-025-08224-1 · Cited by 24 · see citing works

Disclosing Results of Tests for Covert Consciousness: A Framework for Ethical Translation

Young, M. J., Kazazian, K., Fischer, D. B., Lissak, I. A., Bodien, Y. G., & Edlow, B. L. (2024) · Neurocritical Care · doi:10.1007/s12028-023-01899-8 · Cited by 22 · see citing works

Real-time optimization to enhance noninvasive cortical excitability assessment in the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.

Parmigiani, S., Cline, C. C., Sarkar, M., Forman, L., Truong, J., Ross, J. M., Gogulski, J., & Keller, C. (2025) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2025.02.261 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

Optimization of TMS target engagement: current state and future perspectives

Lioumis, P., Roine, T., Granö, I., Aydogan, D. B., Ukharova, E., Souza, V. H., Kičić, D., Ilmoniemi, R. J., & Makris, N. (2025) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2025.1517228 · Cited by 22 · see citing works

International survey on the implementation of the European and American guidelines on disorders of consciousness

Farisco, M., Formisano, R., Gosseries, O., Kato, Y., Koboyashi, S., Laureys, S., Lejeune, N., Martial, C., Matar, A., Morrisey, A.-M., et al. (2023) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-023-11956-z · Cited by 20 · see citing works

Detecting awareness after acute brain injury

Kazazian, K., Edlow, B. L., & Owen, A. M. (2024) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00209-6 · Cited by 20 · see citing works

Multimodal approaches supporting the diagnosis, prognosis and investigation of neural correlates of disorders of consciousness: A systematic review

Gallucci, A., Varoli, E., Mauro, L. D., Hassan, G., Rovida, M., Comanducci, A., Casarotto, S., Re, V. L., & Lauro, L. J. R. (2023) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.16149 · Cited by 19 · see citing works

Covert Consciousness in the ICU

Edlow, B. L., & Menon, D. K. (2024) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0000000000006372 · Cited by 17 · see citing works

Common Data Elements for Disorders of Consciousness: Recommendations from the Electrophysiology Working Group

Carroll, E. E., Der-Nigoghossian, C. A., Alkhachroum, A. M., Appavu, B. L., Gilmore, E. J., Kromm, J. A., Rohaut, B., Rosanova, M., Sitt, J. D., Claassen, J., et al. (2023) · Neurocritical Care · doi:10.1007/s12028-023-01795-1 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Multimodal multicentre investigation of diagnostic and prognostic markers in disorders of consciousness

Manasova, D., Belloli, L. M. L., Rosenfelder, M. J., Willacker, L., Fló, E., Valota, C., Hermann, B., Kaufmann, B. C., Pirastru, A., Derchi, C., et al. (2025) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awaf412 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Covert consciousness: what’s in a name?

Aubinet, C., Claassen, J., Edlow, B. L., Fischer, D. B., Gosseries, O., Christof Koch, A., Kondziella, D., Massimini, M., & Young, M. J. (2025) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awaf349 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Task-based EEG and fMRI paradigms in a multimodal clinical diagnostic framework for disorders of consciousness

Lo, C. C. H., Woo, P. Y. M., & Cheung, V. C. K. (2024) · Reviews in the Neurosciences · doi:10.1515/revneuro-2023-0159 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Disorders of Consciousness Rehabilitation

Young, M. J. (2023) · Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.pmr.2023.06.016 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Criticality of resting-state EEG predicts perturbational complexity and level of consciousness during anesthesiaPreprint

Maschke, C., O’Byrne, J., Colombo, M. A., Boly, M., Gosseries, O., Laureys, S., Rosanova, M., Jerbi, K., & Blain‐Moraes, S. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.10.26.564247 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Advances in neuroimaging in disorders of consciousness

Sala, A., Gosseries, O., Laureys, S., & Annen, J. (2025) · Handbook of clinical neurology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-13408-1.00008-7 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Dissociating Artificial Intelligence from Artificial Consciousness

Findlay, G., Marshall, W., Albantakis, L., David, I., Mayner, W. G., Koch, C., & Tononi, G. (2024) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2412.04571 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

A neurophysiological profiling of the heartbeat‐evoked potential in severe acquired brain injuries: A focus on unconsciousness

Liuzzi, P., Cassioli, T., Secci, S., Hakiki, B., Scarpino, M., Burali, R., di Palma, A., Toci, T., Grippo, A., Cecchi, F., et al. (2024) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.16394 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Brain–computer interface in critical care and rehabilitation

Oh, E., Shin, S., & Kim, S.-P. (2024) · Acute and Critical Care · doi:10.4266/acc.2023.01382 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Characterizing coma in large vessel occlusion stroke

Young, M. J., Awad, A. M. M., Andreev, A., Bonkhoff, A. K., Schirmer, M. D., Dmytriw, A. A., Vranic, J. E., Rabinov, J. D., Doron, O., Stapleton, C. J., et al. (2024) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-024-12199-2 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

An Update on Curing Coma Campaign

Kim, K. S., Polizzotto, L., Suárez, J. I., Olson, D. M., Hemphill, J. C., & Mainali, S. (2024) · Seminars in Neurology · doi:10.1055/s-0044-1785478 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

Do not go gently into that good night: The dying brain and its paradoxically heightened electrical activity

Christof Koch, A. (2023) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2305985120 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

Exploring the Significance of Cognitive Motor Dissociation on Patient Outcome in Acute Disorders of Consciousness

Lejeune, N., Fritz, P., Cardone, P., Szymkowicz, E., Vitello, M. M., Martial, C., Thibaut, A., & Gosseries, O. (2024) · Seminars in Neurology · doi:10.1055/s-0044-1785507 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

Consciousness and Controlled Donation After Circulatory Determination of Death

Young, M. J., & Christof Koch, A. (2026) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2025.27045 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Integrative Electrophysiology and Neuroimaging Approach in Assessing Disorders of Consciousness: A Multimodal Multicentric Machine Learning StudyPreprint

Manasova, D., Belloli, L. M. L., Rosenfelder, M. J., Willacker, L., Fló, E., Valota, C., Hermann, B., Kaufmann, B. C., Pirastru, A., Derchi, C., et al. (2024) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2024.11.22.24317805 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Early Detection of Covert Consciousness With Functional Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy

Young, M. J. (2025) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.78085 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Advancing the science of consciousness: From ethics to clinical care

Farisco, M., Evers, K., Annen, J., Blandin, V., Camassa, A., Cecconi, B., Charland‐Verville, V., Deco, G., Gosseries, O., Laureys, S., et al. (2025) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106497 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Advancing the science of consciousness: from ethics to clinical carePreprint

Farisco, M., Evers, K., Annen, J., Blandin, V., Camassa, A., Cecconi, B., Charland‐Verville, V., Deco, G., Gosseries, O., Laureys, S., et al. (2023) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/sutrc · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Electrophysiology in disorders of consciousness

Ridha, M., Kumar, A., & Claassen, J. (2025) · Handbook of clinical neurology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-13408-1.00013-0 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Visualizing effective connectivity in the human brain

Atalay, A. S., Fecchio, M., & Edlow, B. L. (2025) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2025.06.015 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Beyond the brain: a computational MRI-derived neurophysiological framework for robotic conscious capacity

Escolà‐Gascón, Á., Drinkwater, K. G., Denovan, A., Dagnall, N., & Benito‐León, J. (2025) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106430 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Human consciousness and cognition go hand in hand, but require different types of explanations

Boly, M. (2026) · Aperture Neuro · doi:10.52294/001c.158354 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Critical dynamics in spontaneous EEG predict perturbational complexity in disorders of consciousness with measurable evoked responsesPreprint

Newman, D., Maschke, C., O’Byrne, J., Colombo, M. A., Comanducci, A., Casarotto, S., Citerio, G., Rosanova, M., Massimini, M., Jerbi, K., et al. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.06.04.730221 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

المرونة الوظيفية كمتغير منبئ ببعض اضطرابات ما بعد السكتة الدماغية لدي عينة من الناجين.

منجود, ع. ع. ع. ا. (2024) · مجلة الدراسات النفسیة المعاصرة جامعة بنى سویف · doi:10.21608/bshjo.2024.258565.1055

A Roundtable Discussion on Brain Connectivity

Laureys, S., Raichle, M., Friston, K. J., Whitfield, S., Whitwell, J. L., Calhoun, V. D., Douw, L., & Boly, M. (2024) · Brain Connectivity · doi:10.1089/brain.2024.0037

EEG response during sedation interruption complements behavioral assessment following severe brain injuryPreprint

Maschke, C., Norton, L. E., Duclos, C., Han, M., Dolhan, K., Laforge, G., Frantz, A., Wang, X., Al‐Hayawi, H., Zhang, T., et al. (2024) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2024.10.02.24314815

Bevisstheten kan forstås innenfra

Ringen, P. A., & Hagen, H. S. (2025) · Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening · doi:10.4045/tidsskr.24.0507

EEG Response to Sedation Interruption Complements Behavioral Assessment After Severe Brain Injury

Maschke, C., Norton, L. E., Duclos, C., Han, M., Dolhan, K., Laforge, G., Frantz, A., Wang, X., Al‐Hayawi, H., Zhang, T., et al. (2025) · Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology · doi:10.1002/acn3.70085

REcovery from DEXmedetomidine-Induced Unresponsiveness (REDEX): A Study Protocol for a Single Center, Parallel Arm, Non-Randomized, Controlled Pilot Trial in Healthy Volunteers

Schreier, D. R., Fecchio, M., Guay, C. S., Kovacs, R., Olchanyi, M., Mueller, A., Houle, T. T., Edlow, B. L., Brown, E. N., & Solt, K. (2025) · Nature and Science of Sleep · doi:10.2147/nss.s523111

Unveiling critical care nurses’ knowledge, practice, self-confidence, and perceived barriers affecting the use of the Glasgow Coma Scale: findings for enhancing unconscious patient care

Alkubati, S. A., Alharbi, M. K., Albaqawi, H., Alharbi, A., Ali, A. Z. F., Laradhi, A. O., Alrashedi, H., Albani, G. F., Alrasheeday, A., Alshammari, B., et al. (2025) · BMC Nursing · doi:10.1186/s12912-025-03915-y

Real-Time Physiological Activity and Sleep State Monitoring System Using TS2Vec Embeddings and DBSCAN Clustering for Heart Rate and Motor Response Analysis in IoMT

Arifin, A., Harbi, H., Indriani, A. S., Laila, I., Abdullah, B., Alridho, Idris, I., & Prakosa, J. A. (2025) · Signals · doi:10.3390/signals6040067

Covert neural and autonomic signatures of shared perception

Yavuz, M., Esmaily, J., Bahrami, B., & Deroy, O. D. (2026) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsag009

Brain entangled quantum states in radical pairs: a possible link to consciousness

Cavelier, G. (2026) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2026.150405

The ethical implications of using Artificial Intelligence in Disorders of Consciousness

Farisco, M. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-29258-3.00027-6

Wearable Eye-Tracking Metrics from Smart Glasses for Cognitive Assessment: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)

Chuang, B. B.-S., Tseng, T.-W. J., Sung, P.-W., Shen, H.-C., Chu, W.-T., Wu, C.-H., Lee, Y.-W., Chen, Y.-R., Yeh, H., Hsu, H.-Y., et al. (2026) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/98654

Unmasking Covert Language Processing in the Intensive Care Unit with Electroencephalography

Edlow, B. L., & Naccache, L. (2021) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.26030 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Covert brain complexity in the intensive care unit

Fecchio, M., Schreier, D. R., Cambareri, M. K., Nisticò, V., Freeman, H. J., Lawrence, P. K., Bodien, Y. G., Young, M. J., Wu, O., & Edlow, B. L. (2026) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2026.03.021 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Beyond crystal balls: multimodal prediction of early recovery of consciousness

Claassen, J. (2022) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awac434

Detection of Consciousness in the Severely Injured Brain

Stender, J., GJEDDE, A. H., & Laureys, S. (2015) · Annual update in intensive care and emergency medicine · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-13761-2_36 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Covert Consciousness in the ICU

Edlow, B. L., & Menon, D. K. (2024) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0000000000006372 · Cited by 17 · see citing works