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Cited by 36Youth Substance Use and School AttendanceChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentSchool Health and Nursing Education

School refusal behavior in Indian children: analysis of clinical profile, psychopathology and development of a best-fit risk assessment model

Nayak, Ajita, Sangoi, Bijal, Nachane, Hrishikesh·2018·The Indian Journal of Pediatrics
DOI 10.1007/s12098-018-2631-2
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Abstract

Objectives School refusal is seen as an emergency in child psychiatry and various risk factors have been analyzed. Children who present with school refusal have been shown to have several associated psychiatric comorbidities. However, risk assessment of psychiatric comorbidities is lacking, particularly in the Indian context. The authors aimed to study the sociodemographic profile and associated psychopathology in children with school refusal. They compared the prevalence rates of psychiatric illnesses to that of the community. A best-fit model for risk assessment of psychopathology was formulated.Methods Past records of children aged 5-16 y, who presented with school refusal in the period from June 2013 through June 2015 to authors' Child Guidance Clinic were studied and their sociodemographic details, symptoms and diagnoses were obtained. Chi square test of proportion was used to compare the prevalence rates between the study population and community. Multinomial analysis was used to elucidate a best-fit model of risk assessment.Results School refusal was seen in 3.6% of children. 77.8% of the children had a psychiatric diagnosis, most common being depression (26.7%), followed by anxiety (17.7%). Prevalence of psychiatric disorders was significantly higher in the study population than community (p < 0.05). A best-fit model of 4 factors: academic difficulties, adjustment problems at school, behavioral problems and parental conflicts is suggested (p < 0.05).Conclusions School refusal is associated with significant psychopathology, most commonly depression, followed by anxiety. The best-fit model for risk assessment can predict the likelihood of psychopathology and help in early diagnosis.

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Authors
Nayak, A., Sangoi, B., & Nachane, H.
Affiliations
King Edward Memorial Hospital and Seth G.S. Medical College (IN)
Corresponding author
Nachane, Hrishikesh
Venue
The Indian Journal of Pediatrics
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2018-02-01
Volume
85
Issue
12
Pages
1073-1078
ISSN
  • 0019-5456 (ISSN-L)
  • 0973-7693
DOI
10.1007/s12098-018-2631-2
OpenAlex
W2785800730
Cited by
36
References
29
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3
FWCI
12.16
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations
  • The Indian Journal of Pediatrics (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
None
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Education › Youth Substance Use and School Attendance
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Speech and Hearing › School Health and Nursing Education
Keywords
school refusal, child psychopathology, childhood depression, childhood anxiety, psychiatric comorbidity, risk assessment model, sociodemographic factors, academic difficulties, school adjustment problems, behavioral problems, parental conflict, prevalence of mental disorders, Indian children
MeSH terms
Problem Behavior, Adolescent, Mental Disorders, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, India, Male, Retrospective Studies, Schools, Models, Statistical, Prevalence, Risk Assessment, Family Conflict

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