Recruitment for an internet-based diabetes self-management program: scientific and ethical implications
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the reach of Internet self-management interventions. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate different definitions of participation rate and compare characteristics among subcategories of participants and nonparticipants on demographic and clinical factors using de-identified electronic medical record data. METHODS: Data are presented on recruitment results and characteristics of 2,603 health maintenance organization members having type 2 diabetes invited to participate in an Internet self-management program. RESULTS: There was a 37% participation rate among all members attempted to contact and presumed eligible. There were several significant differences between participants and nonparticipants and among subgroups of participants (e.g., proactive volunteers vs. telephone respondents) on factors including age, income, ethnicity, smoking rate, education, blood pressure, and hemoglobin A1c. CONCLUSION: These results have important implications for the impact of different recruitment methods on health disparities and generalization of results. We provide recommendations for reporting of eligibility rate, participation rate, and representativeness analyses.
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The overall recruitment rate (36%) was just below the 37% feasibility threshold based on previous research.
“Although the overall recruitment rate (36 %) was just below the 37 % feasibility threshold based on previous research (Glasgow et al., 2010), the sample (N = 33) was 82.5 % of the target sample size (N = 40) during the five-month recruitment window.”
From An online acceptance, commitment, and self-compassion based treatment to decrease psychological distress in people with type 2 diabetes: A feasibility randomised-controlled trial (2023) · cites this paper as Glasgow et al., 2010
A previous trial for an internet-based self-management program for T2D suggested that a recruitment rate of 37% is reasonable and exceeds that typically found in face-to-face diabetes self-management programmes.
“A previous trial for an internet-based self-management program for T2D suggested that a recruitment rate of 37 % is reasonable and exceeds that typically found in face-to-face diabetes self-management programmes (Glasgow et al., 2010); therefore, 37 % was the threshold against which the current recruitment rate was judged.”
From An online acceptance, commitment, and self-compassion based treatment to decrease psychological distress in people with type 2 diabetes: A feasibility randomised-controlled trial (2023) · cites this paper as Glasgow et al., 2010
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- Authors
- Glasgow, R. E., Strycker, L. A., Kurz, D., Faber, A., Bell, H., Dickman, J. M., Halterman, E., Estabrooks, P. A., & Osuna, D.
- Affiliations
- Kaiser Permanente (US)
- Oregon Research Institute (US)
- Virginia Tech (US)
- Corresponding author
- Glasgow, Russell E.
- Venue
- Annals of Behavioral Medicine
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2010-04-22
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 40-48
- ISSN
- 0742-5554 (ISSN-L)
- 0883-6612
- 1532-4796
- OpenAlex
- W2091367191
- Cited by
- 60
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 5.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annals of Behavioral Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK035524, R37DK035524)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Literacy and Information Accessibility
- Keywords
- recruitment (clinical trials), online intervention, diabetes self-management, type 2 diabetes, participation rates, health disparities, representativeness, research ethics, health maintenance organizations, electronic health records, generalizability
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Self Care, Therapy, Computer-Assisted, Patient Selection, Internet
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