Review of Mesenteric Ischemia in COVID-19 Patients
Open accessAbstract
The new coronavirus (COVID-19) infection, first detected in Wuhan, China in 2019 has become a pandemic that has spread to nearly every country in the world. Through October 11, 2021, more than 23 billion confirmed cases and 4.8 million fatalities were reported globally. The bulk of individuals afflicted in India during the first wave were elderly persons. The second wave, however, resulted in more severe diseases and mortality in even younger age groups due to mutations in the wild virus. Symptoms may range from being asymptomatic to fatal acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In addition to respiratory symptoms, patients may present with gastrointestinal symptoms such as stomach pain, vomiting, loose stools, or mesenteric vein thrombosis. The frequency of patients presenting with thromboembolic symptoms has recently increased. According to certain studies, the prevalence of venous thromboembolism among hospitalized patients ranges from 9 to 25%. It was also shown that the incidence is significantly greater among critically sick patients, with a prevalence of 21-31%. Although the exact origin of thromboembolism is unknown, it is considered to be produced by several altered pathways that manifest as pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction, stroke, limb gangrene, and acute mesenteric ischemia. Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is becoming an increasingly prevalent cause of acute surgical abdomen in both intensive care unit (ICU) and emergency room (ER) patients. Mesenteric ischemia should be evaluated in situations with unexplained stomach discomfort. In suspected situations, appropriate imaging techniques and early intervention, either non-surgical or surgical, are necessary to avert mortality. The purpose of this article is to look at the data on acute mesenteric ischemia in people infected with COVID-19.
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Acute mesenteric ischemia cases documented in COVID-19 have been attributed to large vessel thromboembolic events and small-vessel thrombosis related to hypercoagulability and fibrinolysis shutdown.
“Notably, cases of acute mesenteric ischemia have also been documented in patients with COVID-19, which have been attributed to large vessel thromboembolic events and small-vessel thrombosis related to hypercoagulability and fibrinolysis shutdown”
From Revascularization Strategies for Acute and Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia: A Narrative Review (2024) · cites this paper as [14]
The Introduction documents acute mesenteric ischemia in COVID-19 patients and lists cases involving major mesenteric-artery thrombosis or embolism. The Management section describes submucosal microthrombi, and Pathophysiology links thromboembolic events to hypercoagulability. Pathophysiology mentions fibrinolysis but does not say it shuts down; it also says the specific etiology is unknown. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAcute mesenteric ischemia in patients with COVID-19 has shown higher in-hospital mortality compared to those without COVID-19.
“and have shown higher in-hospital mortality rate compared to those without COVID-19 [14,15].”
From Revascularization Strategies for Acute and Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia: A Narrative Review (2024) · cites this paper as [14]
The Prognosis section (page not specified) says COVID-19 is associated with higher mortality in operated cases of acute mesenteric ischemia. It does not specify in-hospital mortality or establish the comparison for all patients with acute mesenteric ischemia. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAcute mesenteric ischemia is an infrequent complication of COVID-19.
“Although AMI is an infrequent complication of COVID-19, it can result in a considerable mortality rate of up to 62.5% [5].”
From Outcomes of Acute Mesenteric Ischemia in Patients With COVID-19: A Nationwide Database Study (2023) · cites this paper as [4]
The Introduction reports a rising number of acute mesenteric ischemia cases in COVID-19 patients, and the Conclusion calls that increase alarming. Neither section states how frequently it occurs among COVID-19 patients, so our copy does not establish the claim that it is infrequent (searched: infrequent, rare, incidence). (LLM, conf=0.73)
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Sorted by citations
Revascularization Strategies for Acute and Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia: A Narrative Review
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“Since the beginning of the pandemic, several cases of acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) have been reported [4].”
Background
- Authors
- Gupta, A., Sharma, O., Srikanth, K., Mishra, R., Tandon, A., & Rajput, D.
- Affiliations
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences Rishikesh (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Gupta, Amit
- Venue
- Indian Journal of Surgery
- Published
- 2022-03-11
- Volume
- 85
- Issue
- S1
- Pages
- 313-321
- ISSN
- 0972-2068 (ISSN-L)
- 0973-9793
- PMC
- PMC8916793
- OpenAlex
- W4220805560
- Cited by
- 19
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Indian Journal of Surgery (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Abdominal vascular conditions and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Omental and Epiploic Conditions
- Keywords
- acute mesenteric ischemia, COVID-19 pandemic, venous thromboembolism, mesenteric vein thrombosis, thromboembolic events, acute abdomen, gastrointestinal symptoms, critically ill patients
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