Rice in Thailand: The Archaeobotanical Contribution
Open accessAbstract
There are few archaeological projects incorporating archaeobotanical sampling and even fewer published archaeobotanical studies in Thailand. Available data show that rice was the ubiquitous cereal in prehistory and particularly during the Metal/Iron Age. This either signifies the importance of rice as a crop or signals a preservation bias; both topics are considered in this paper. The site Khao Sam Kaeo in Peninsular Thailand (ca. 400–100 BCE) is strategically located between the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea providing evidence of Indian, Han Chinese and locally produced cultural material. The archaeobotanical assemblage attests to South Asian and East Asian influence as well: the mungbean and horsegram of Indian origin and the northern Chinese cereal foxtail millet. But the site has also yielded the greatest amount of rice from Thai archaeology and provides information on the domestication of rice and the cultivation practices during this Late Prehistoric period.
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As rice agriculture gradually spread southward and westward, reaching Thailand and northern India by 2000 B.C., less intensive rainfed and naturally inundated systems were first used, followed much later by more intensive systems.
“Similarly, as rice agriculture gradually spread southward and westward, reaching Thailand and northern India by 2000 B.C., less intensive rainfed and naturally inundated systems were first used (72), followed much later by more intensive systems (44).”
From Used planet: a global history (2013) · cites this paper as [72]
Agriculture developed 4,000-5,000 y ago in the savanna habitats of Africa, India, Southeast Asia, and the North American forests and savannas.
“Agriculture developed 4,000–5,000 y ago in the savanna habitats of Africa (70), India (71), Southeast Asia (72), and the North American forests and savannas (73, 74).”
From Used planet: a global history (2013) · cites this paper as [72]
Land use and its ecological impacts can be diagnosed from archaeological and paleoecological plant and animal remains, including pollen and phytoliths.
“Land use and its ecological impacts can be diagnosed from archaeological and paleoecological plant and animal remains, including pollen and phytoliths (70, 72).”
From Used planet: a global history (2013) · cites this paper as [72]
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Boonruang, C., Won-In, K., Tancharakorn, S., Pakawanit, P., Thumanu, K., Dararutana, P., & Retired Army Officer at the Royal Thai Army, L. 1. T. (2022) · Chiang Mai Journal of Science · doi:10.12982/cmjs.2022.001 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Kanthilatha, N., Boyd, W. E., Parr, J., & Chang, N. (2016) · Environmental Archaeology · doi:10.1080/14614103.2015.1129720 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
ĐỒNG NAI THỜI SƠ SỬ: NƠI GẶP GỠ CỦA NHIỀU LUỒNG VĂN HÓA
Dung, L. T. M. (2020) · Dalat University Journal of Science · doi:10.37569/dalatuniversity.10.1.638(2020
Perez, G. A., Tongyoo, P., Chunwongse, J., de Jong, H., & Chuenwarin, P. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.07.16.206128
Incorporating New Methods IV: Phytoliths and Starch Grains in the Tropics and Beyond
Outram, A. K., & Bogaard, A. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316415177.006
Outram, A. K., & Bogaard, A. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316415177.002
Integrated Case Study I: Early Farming in Central Europe
Outram, A. K., & Bogaard, A. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316415177.007
Incorporating New Methods II: Residue Chemistry
Outram, A. K., & Bogaard, A. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316415177.004
Incorporating New Methods I: The Stable Isotope Revolution
Outram, A. K., & Bogaard, A. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316415177.003
Outram, A. K., & Bogaard, A. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316415177.001
Outram, A. K., & Bogaard, A. (2019) · doi:10.1017/9781316415177.011
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Integrated Case Study II: Horse Domestication and the Origins of Pastoralism in Central Asia
Outram, A. K., & Bogaard, A. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316415177.008
Incorporating New Methods III: Answering Palaeoeconomic Questions with Molecular Genetics
Outram, A. K., & Bogaard, A. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316415177.005
Outram, A. K., & Bogaard, A. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316415177.010
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Changes in Paddy Soil Fertility in Thailand Under the Green Revolution During the Last 50 Years
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Women in Southeast Asian Archaeology: Discoveries, Accomplishments, and Challenges
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- Authors
- Castillo, C.
- Affiliations
- University College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Castillo, Cristina
- ORCID
- Castillo, Cristina
- Venue
- Rice
- Published
- 2011-11-24
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 3-4
- Pages
- 114-120
- ISSN
- 1939-8425 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-8433
- OpenAlex
- W1971140397
- Cited by
- 85
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 3.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Rice (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Arts and Humanities Research Council
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Social Sciences › Geography, Planning and Development › Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History › Amazonian Archaeology and Ethnohistory
- Keywords
- archaeobotany, Peninsular Thailand, prehistoric agriculture, mungbean, horse gram, foxtail millet, East Asian influence, Iron Age, Late Prehistory, crop residues, preservation bias
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