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Stigma in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Open accessAbstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a frequently diagnosed disorder in child- and adulthood with a high impact affecting multiple facets of social life. Therefore, patients suffering from ADHD are at high risk to be confronted with stigma, prejudices, and discrimination. A review of the empirical research in the field of ADHD with regard to stigma was performed. The findings of investigations in this field were clustered in different categories, including stigma in children with ADHD, stigma in adults with ADHD, stigma in relatives or in people close to a patient with ADHD, and the influence of stigma on authorities' attitudes toward patients with ADHD. Variables identified to contribute to stigma in ADHD are public's uncertainty concerning the reliability/validity of an ADHD diagnosis and the related diagnostic assessment, public's perceived dangerousness of individuals with ADHD, socio-demographical factors as age, gender, and ethnicity of the respondent or the target individual with ADHD, stigmatization of ADHD treatment, for example public's skepticism toward ADHD medication and disclosure of diagnostic status as well as medication status of the individual with ADHD. The contribution of stigma associated with ADHD can be conceptualized as an underestimated risk factor, affecting treatment adherence, treatment efficacy, symptom aggravation, life satisfaction, and mentally well-being of individuals affected by ADHD. Public as well as health professionals' concepts about ADHD are highly diverse, setting individuals with an ADHD diagnosis at greater risk to get stigmatized.
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“Stereotypes of ADHD may include questioning the validity of the diagnosis, skepticism towards medications, and views that people with ADHD are unreliable and dangerous (Mueller et al., 2012).”
From The experiences of adults with ADHD in interpersonal relationships and online communities: A qualitative study (2023) · cites this paper as Mueller et al., 2012
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Metadata
- Authors
- Mueller, A. K., Fuermaier, A. B. M., Koerts, J., & Tucha, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Groningen (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Tucha, Lara
- Venue
- ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders
- Published
- 2012-07-08
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 101-114
- ISSN
- 1866-6116 (ISSN-L)
- 1866-6647
- PMC
- PMC3430836
- OpenAlex
- W1983160899
- Cited by
- 306
- References
- 90
- Citations by year
- 2026: 39 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychology and Mental Health
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, stigma, discrimination, children with ADHD, adult ADHD, perceived dangerousness, ADHD medication, diagnosis disclosure, medication adherence, health professionals' perceptions
- MeSH terms
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attitude to Health, Mental Disorders, Humans, Stereotyping, Social Stigma
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