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Understanding deficient emotional self-regulation in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a controlled study
Open accessAbstract
While symptoms of deficient emotional self-regulation (DESR) such as low frustration tolerance, temper outbursts, emotional impulsivity, and mood lability are commonly associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), little is known about their nature. The main aim of this post hoc study was to examine the correlates of DESR in a large sample of adults with and without ADHD. Subjects were 206 adults with ADHD and 123 adults without ADHD from a family study of ADHD. Emotional impulsivity was operationalized using items from the Barkley Current Behavior Scale. Subjects were comprehensively assessed for psychiatric comorbidity using structured diagnostic interview methodology. We used the Quality of Life, Enjoyment, and Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form (QLES-Q-SF) and Social Adjustment Scale-Self-report (SAS-SR) to assess quality of life and psychosocial functioning. DESR was more common among ADHD compared with non-ADHD adults, and 55% of adults with ADHD reported extreme DESR of greater severity than 95% of control subjects. The association of ADHD and DESR was not entirely accounted for by either current or lifetime comorbid disorders. DESR was also associated with significant functional impairment as evaluated by the QLES-Q-SF and SAS-SR, and with reduced marital status, as well as higher risk for traffic accidents and arrests. DESR adversely impacts quality of life in adults with ADHD. More work is needed to further evaluate DESR in clinical and investigational studies of subjects with ADHD.
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“This has been supported to some extent by recent clinic-based studies reporting impairing emotion dysregulation in between 34-70% of adults with ADHD, although population based studies are needed (69-73)–Table 1.”
From Emotion Dysregulation in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (2014) · cites this paper as [73]
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“Other research suggests that emotional dyscontrol is common in adult ADHD (Surman et al., 2013; Vidal et al., 2014), shows familial association with ADHD (Surman et al., 2013), and predicts the longitudinal course of ADHD (Biederman et al., 2012).”
From The structure of adult ADHD. (2017) · cites this paper as Surman et al., 2013
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Emotion Dysregulation in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
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Metadata
- Authors
- Surman, C. B. H., Biederman, J., Spencer, T., Miller, C. A., McDermott, K. M., & Faraone, S. V.
- Affiliations
- Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
- SUNY Upstate Medical University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Surman, Craig B. H.
- Venue
- ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders
- Published
- 2013-02-15
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 273-281
- ISSN
- 1866-6116 (ISSN-L)
- 1866-6647
- PMC
- PMC4009378
- OpenAlex
- W2008176510
- Cited by
- 155
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 7.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Hilda and Preston Davis Foundation
- University of Cambridge
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH057934, R01MH054509, R01MH-57934)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, adult ADHD, emotional impulsivity, frustration tolerance, temper outbursts, emotional lability, psychiatric comorbidity, quality of life, social adaptation, functional disability, marital status, traffic accidents, arrests
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adult, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Mental Disorders, Emotions, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Quality of Life, Social Control, Informal, Case-Control Studies
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