Development of probiotic yogurt: Effect of strain combination on nutritional, rheological, organoleptic and probiotic properties
Open accessAbstract
Seven combinations of yogurt; C 1 [yogurt starter culture (YSC)], T 1, [YSC + Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA)], T 2 [YSC + Bifidobacterium bifidum (BB)], T 3 [YSC + Lactobacillus plantarum (LP)], T 4 [YSC + Lactobacillus casei (LC)], T 5 [YSC + LA + BB] and T 6 [YSC + LP + LC] were developed. Nutritional [proximate and minerals], rheological [total soluble solids (TSS), pH, titratable acidity (TA), water holding capacity, synersis, viscosity] organoleptic and probiotic properties [viability, acid tolerance, bile salt tolerance] were assessed with standard methods. Nutritional composition differed significantly among samples except for the iron and zinc (P < 0.05). Yogurt containing LP as single or in combination with LC resulted in significantly higher ash, protein, calcium and phosphorous level. Probiotic combination also significantly affected the rheological properties of yogurts (P < 0.05). Yogurt with LP and LC as single or in combination lead to significantly higher TSS and viscosity while significantly low syneresis, whereas yogurt with LA as single or in combination resulted in low pH and high TA (P < 0.05). Interestingly, combination of LA and BB increased TSS, reduced pH and syneresis as compare to these bacteria as single probiotic source. Panel experts found yogurt with LP more flavourful. Combination of multi-strain and multi-species probiotic resulted in improved texture but we found no significant difference in overall acceptability. Combination of probiotic strains also resulted in better probiotic potential with multi-species combination found to be even more effective. BB seemed more stable than three other probiotic strains. The present study can be helpful to dairy industry in developing new probiotic products and may provide a rational for selecting a combination of probiotic strains.
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A probiotic must survive extremely low pH levels and the presence of bile salts and reach the gut in a viable physiological state to colonize and proliferate in this environment to confer beneficial effects on the host.
“The probiotic must survive the extremely low pH levels and the presence of bile salts and reach the gut in a viable physiological state to colonize and proliferate in this environment to confer beneficial effects on the host [33,34].”
From Probiotic and Antifungal Attributes of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolates from Naturally Fermented Brazilian Table Olives (2022) · cites this paper as [34]
The Discussion says a probiotic strain must withstand extremely low pH and bile salts and reach its site of action in a viable physiological state. The Introduction also identifies growth in the proximal small intestine and host health benefits as probiotic characteristics. Neither passage says that probiotics must colonize the gut, so that part of the claim is not established by our copy. (LLM, conf=0.82)
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- Authors
- Soni, R., Jain, N. K., Shah, V., Soni, J., Suthar, D., & Gohel, P.
- Affiliations
- Gujarat University (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Soni, Richa
- Venue
- Journal of Food Science and Technology
- Published
- 2020-01-14
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 2038-2050
- ISSN
- 0022-1155 (ISSN-L)
- 0975-8402
- PMC
- PMC7230091
- OpenAlex
- W3000487557
- Cited by
- 93
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 7.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Food Science and Technology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University Grants Commission ([Grant no.F.15-1 / PDFWM/2011-12/ 2011-12-OBC-RAJ-11103-SA-II].)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Advanced Scientific Research Methods
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Food and Agricultural Sciences
- Keywords
- probiotic yogurt, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, yogurt starter cultures, nutritional composition, rheological properties, syneresis, viscosity, water holding capacity, probiotic viability, acid resistance, bile salt tolerance, sensory acceptability
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