Applying Non-Invasive Fibrosis Measurements in NAFLD/NASH: Progress to Date
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has now become a worldwide health issue due to the obesity epidemic, affecting approximately 90% of the obese population and 15-40% of the general population. It is the most common form of chronic liver disease in the United States. NAFLD constitutes a spectrum of diseases ranging in severity from mild, such as fatty liver, progressing into nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), then fibrosis, and ending with cirrhosis. NASH and increasing fibrosis stage are associated with increased morbidity and mortality; the fibrosis stage is therefore a critical element of risk stratification needed to determine therapeutic approach and also the response to treatment. Liver biopsy is considered the 'gold standard' in the diagnosis of NAFLD. However, it is not practical for widespread clinical use because it is invasive, costly, and associated with complications including occasional death. These limitations have driven the development of noninvasive tests that can accurately predict the fibrosis stage in those with NAFLD. In this review, we provide a concise overview of different non-invasive measurements used for NAFLD/NASH.
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Patients with MASLD may have spontaneous improvement without intervention, which could contribute to high placebo response rates in clinical trials.
“Additionally patients may have spontaneous improvement without intervention, a feature that could contribute to the surprisingly high rates of response among placebo patients in clinical trials (250-252).”
From Found in translation—Fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis (MASH) (2023) · cites this paper as [251]
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- Authors
- Albhaisi, S., & Sanyal, A. J.
- Affiliations
- Virginia Commonwealth University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Sanyal, Arun J.
- Venue
- Pharmaceutical Medicine
- Published
- 2019-10-08
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 451-463
- ISSN
- 0265-0673 (ISSN-L)
- 1178-2595
- 1179-1993
- OpenAlex
- W2979462083
- Cited by
- 27
- References
- 135
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 0.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Pharmaceutical Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver Diseases and Immunity
- Keywords
- non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, liver fibrosis, noninvasive fibrosis assessment, fibrosis staging, liver biopsy limitations, risk stratification, obesity, liver cirrhosis
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Circulating MicroRNA, Biopsy, Humans, Liver, Liver Cirrhosis, Obesity, Predictive Value of Tests, Severity of Illness Index, United States, Biomarkers, Observer Variation, Prevalence, Disease Progression, Risk Assessment, Proteomics, Elasticity Imaging Techniques, Metabolomics, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
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