Use of thyroid hormones in hypothyroid and euthyroid patients: A 2020 THESIS questionnaire survey of members of the Danish Endocrine Society
Open accessAbstract
PURPOSE: The standard treatment of hypothyroidism is levothyroxine (LT4), which is available as tablets or soft-gel capsules in Denmark. This study aimed to investigate Danish endocrinologists' use of thyroid hormones in hypothyroid and euthyroid patients. METHODS: An e-mail with an invitation to participate in an online survey investigating practices about substitution with thyroid hormones was sent to all members of the Danish Endocrine Society (DES). RESULTS: Out of 488 eligible DES members, a total of 152 (31.2%) respondents were included in the analysis. The majority (94.1%) of responding DES members use LT4 as the treatment of choice. Other treatment options for hypothyroidism are also used, as 58.6% prescribe combination therapy with liothyronine (LT3) + LT4 in their clinical practice. LT4 + LT3 combination is preferred in patients with persistent symptoms of hypothyroidism despite biochemical euthyroidism on LT4 treatment. Over half of the respondents answered that thyroid hormone therapy is never indicated for euthyroid patients, but 42.1% will consider it for euthyroid infertile women with high antibody levels. In various conditions that could interfere with the absorption of LT4, most responding Danish endocrinologists prefer tablets and do not expect a significant difference when switching from one type of tablet formulation to another. CONCLUSION: The treatment of choice for hypothyroidism is LT4. Combination therapy with LT4 + LT3 is considered for patients with persistent symptoms. Even in the presence of conditions affecting bioavailability, responding Danish endocrinologists prefer LT4 tablets rather than newer LT4 formulations, such as soft-gel capsules.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Approximately one-third of THESIS survey respondents stated that the prevalence of persistent symptoms increased in the last 5 years.
“Approximately one-third of respondents stated that the prevalence of persistent symptoms increased in the last 5 years (Table 4).”
From T4+T3 Combination Therapy: An Unsolved Problem of Increasing Magnitude and Complexity (2021) · cites this paper as [34]
The Results section (“Persistent symptoms in LT4 treated patients”; page not provided) reports that 58.6% of respondents said persistent symptoms had increased over the past five years. That is a majority, not approximately one-third. (LLM, conf=0.94)
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredChronic fatigue syndrome and the burden of having to take medication are also viewed-but less strongly-as likely explanations, whereas respondents are divided about the role of inflammation due to autoimmunity.
“Chronic fatigue syndrome and the burden of having to take medication are also viewed—but less strongly—as likely explanations, whereas respondents are divided about the role of inflammation due to autoimmunity.”
From T4+T3 Combination Therapy: An Unsolved Problem of Increasing Magnitude and Complexity (2021) · cites this paper as [34]
The Results section ('Persistent symptoms in LT4 treated patients'; page not available) says a few Danish endocrinologists agreed that chronic fatigue syndrome, the burden of taking medication, and inflammation due to autoimmunity could explain persistent symptoms. It says most respondents were neutral or did not answer; it does not establish that the first two were viewed as likely explanations, rank them as less strongly supported, or describe respondents as divided about inflammation. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe inability of LT4 to restore physiological function is viewed as an unlikely cause of persistent symptoms by endocrinologists in the THESIS survey.
“Applying this assumption, it is clear that the inability of LT4 to restore physiological function is viewed as an unlikely cause of persistent symptoms, whereas psychosocial factors, comorbidities, unrealistic expectations, and the burden of chronic disease are considered to be more likely causes.”
From T4+T3 Combination Therapy: An Unsolved Problem of Increasing Magnitude and Complexity (2021) · cites this paper as [34]
The Results section (‘Persistent symptoms in LT4 treated patients’; page unavailable) says only a minority of surveyed Danish endocrinologists thought LT4’s inability to restore normal physiology might explain persistent symptoms. It also says most respondents were neutral or did not answer, and only a few endorsed the listed alternative causes. Thus, the survey supports limited endorsement of the LT4 explanation, but not the stronger claim that endocrinologists viewed it as unlikely or generally considered the alternatives more likely. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPsychosocial factors, comorbidities, unrealistic expectations, and the burden of chronic disease are considered to be more likely causes of persistent symptoms by THESIS survey respondents.
“Applying this assumption, it is clear that the inability of LT4 to restore physiological function is viewed as an unlikely cause of persistent symptoms, whereas psychosocial factors, comorbidities, unrealistic expectations, and the burden of chronic disease are considered to be more likely causes.”
From T4+T3 Combination Therapy: An Unsolved Problem of Increasing Magnitude and Complexity (2021) · cites this paper as [34]
The Results section (‘Persistent symptoms in LT4 treated patients’; page unavailable) lists all four factors as possible explanations endorsed by some respondents and says only a minority endorsed LT4’s inability to restore normal physiology. But it also says most respondents were neutral or did not answer, so describing those factors as generally considered more likely by respondents overstates the survey finding. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe majority of THESIS survey respondents disagreed that the low tissue T3 hypothesis plays a major causal role in persistent complaints.
“The most remarkable finding in the questionnaire survey is that the majority of respondents disagreed that the “low tissue T3 hypothesis” plays a major causal role in persistent complaints.”
From T4+T3 Combination Therapy: An Unsolved Problem of Increasing Magnitude and Complexity (2021) · cites this paper as [34]
The Results section, “Persistent symptoms in LT4 treated patients” (page not specified), says only a minority thought persistent symptoms might result from LT4’s inability to restore normal physiology. It does not identify this as the “low tissue T3 hypothesis” or establish that a majority disagreed with it; the section says most respondents were neutral or did not answer the questions about possible causes. (LLM, conf=0.80)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Up to 85% of THESIS survey respondents thought that psychosocial factors and chronic fatigue syndrome can play a causal role in persistent symptoms.
“Up to 85% of respondents in the THESIS survey thought that psychosocial factors and chronic fatigue syndrome can play a causal role in persistent symptoms.”
From T4+T3 Combination Therapy: An Unsolved Problem of Increasing Magnitude and Complexity (2021) · cites this paper as [34]
The Results section (‘Persistent symptoms in LT4 treated patients’; page unavailable) says a few respondents agreed that psychosocial factors or chronic fatigue syndrome could explain persistent symptoms. It does not support the claimed figure of up to 85%: the text says most respondents were neutral or did not answer. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAccording to most respondents of the THESIS survey, the prevalence of persistent symptoms has increased.
“The prevalence of persistent symptoms has increased according to most respondents of the THESIS survey (Table 3).”
From T4+T3 Combination Therapy: An Unsolved Problem of Increasing Magnitude and Complexity (2021) · cites this paper as [34]
High prevalence figures of persistent symptoms are found in countries with a high GDP, whereas the figures are much lower in countries with a low GDP.
“High prevalence figures are found in countries with a high GDP, whereas the figures are much lower in countries with a low GDP.”
From T4+T3 Combination Therapy: An Unsolved Problem of Increasing Magnitude and Complexity (2021) · cites this paper as [34]
The Results section on persistent symptoms reports Danish endocrinologists’ estimates for LT4-treated patients, but it does not compare countries by GDP. Searches for GDP and for high- versus low-GDP countries found no passage addressing the claimed prevalence pattern; page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.75)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Garvey, W. T., Mechanick, J. I., Brett, E. M., Garber, A. J., Hurley, D. L., Jastreboff, A. M., Nadolsky, K., Pessah-Pollack, R., & Plodkowski, R. (2016) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.4158/ep161365.gl · Cited by 1,914 · see citing works
Gharib, H., Papini, E., Garber, J. R., Duick, D. S., Harrell, R. M., Hegedűs, L. D., Paschke, R., Valcavi, R., & Vitti, P. (2016) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.4158/ep161208.gl · Cited by 1,285 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Incidence and Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction in Europe: A Meta-Analysis
Garmendia Madariaga, A., Santos Palacios, S., Guillén-Grima, F., & Galofré, J. C. (2014) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2013-2409 · Cited by 800 · see citing works
2012 ETA Guidelines: The Use of L-T4 + L-T3 in the Treatment of Hypothyroidism
Wiersinga, W. M., Duntas, L., Fadeyev, V., Nygaard, B., & Vanderpump, M. P. J. (2012) · European Thyroid Journal · doi:10.1159/000339444 · Cited by 427 · see citing works
Selenium in thyroid disorders—essential knowledge for clinicians
Winther, K. H., Rayman, M. P., Bonnema, S. J., & Hegedüs, L. (2020) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/s41574-019-0311-6 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Self-citationAn Online Survey of Hypothyroid Patients Demonstrates Prominent Dissatisfaction
Peterson, S. J., Cappola, A. R., Castro, M. R., Dayan, C. M., Farwell, A. P., Hennessey, J. V., Kopp, P. A., Ross, D. S., Samuels, M. H., Sawka, A. M., et al. (2018) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/thy.2017.0681 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Wichman, J. E. M., Winther, K. H., Bonnema, S. J., & Hegedűs, L. D. (2016) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/thy.2016.0256 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Self-citationPedersen, I. B., Knudsen, N., Carlé, A., Vejbjerg, P., Jørgensen, T., Perrild, H., Ovesen, L., Rasmussen, L. B., & Laurberg, P. (2011) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2011.04008.x · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Winther, K. H., Cramon, P., Watt, T., Bjorner, J. B., Ekholm, O., Feldt-Rasmussen, U., Groenvold, M., Rasmussen, Å. K., Hegedüs, L., & Bonnema, S. J. (2016) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0156925 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Self-citationHoang, T. D., Olsen, C. H., Mai, V. Q., Clyde, P. W., & Shakir, M. K. M. (2013) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2012-4107 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Lillevang-Johansen, M., Abrahamsen, B., Jørgensen, H. L., Brix, T. H., & Hegedüs, L. (2018) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/thy.2017.0517 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Self-citationPedersen, I. B., Laurberg, P., Knudsen, N. J., Jørgensen, T., Perrild, H., Ovesen, L., & Rasmussen, L. B. (2007) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2007-0732 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Hill, M. S., Hill, A., Lopez, J. V., Peterson, K. J., Pomponi, S. A., Díaz, M. C., THACKER, R. W., Adamska, M., Boury‐Esnault, N., Cárdenas, P., et al. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0050437 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Thvilum, M., Brandt, F., Almind, D., Christensen, K., Brix, T. H., & Hegedűs, L. D. (2014) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/thy.2013.0555 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Self-citationManagement of the nontoxic multinodular goitre: A European questionnaire study
Bonnema, S. J., Bennedbæk, F. N., Wiersinga, W. M., & Hegedűs, L. D. (2000) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.2000.01060.x · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Self-citationThvilum, M., Brandt, F., Almind, D., Christensen, K., Brix, T. H., & Hegedüs, L. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0075789 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Self-citationThvilum, M., Brandt, F., Almind, D., Christensen, K., Hegedűs, L. D., & Brix, T. H. (2013) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2012-3375 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Self-citationMitchell, A. L., Hegedüs, L., Žarković, M., Hickey, J. L., & Perros, P. (2021) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/cen.14340 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Self-citationLiquid and softgel levothyroxine use in clinical practice: state of the art
Virili, C., Trimboli, P., Romanelli, F., & Centanni, M. (2016) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-016-1035-1 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
New Formulations of Levothyroxine in the Treatment of Hypothyroidism: Trick or Treat?
Nagy, E. V., Perros, P., Papini, E., Katkó, M., & Hegedűs, L. D. (2020) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/thy.2020.0515 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationMedici, B. B., Nygaard, B., la Cour, J. L., Grand, M. K., Siersma, V., Nicolaisdottir, D. R., Lind, B., Olivarius, N. D. F., & Andersen, C. L. (2019) · Thyroid® · doi:10.1089/thy.2018.0539 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Michaelsson, L. F., Medici, B. B., la Cour, J. L., Selmer, C., Røder, M., Perrild, H., Knudsen, N., Faber, J., & Nygaard, B. (2015) · European Thyroid Journal · doi:10.1159/000437262 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Use of Thyroid Hormones in Hypothyroid and Euthyroid Patients; the 2019 Italian Survey
Negro, R., Attanasio, R., Nagy, E. V., Papini, E., Perros, P., & Hegedüs, L. (2020) · European Thyroid Journal · doi:10.1159/000502057 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationFallahi, P., Ferrari, S. M., Ruffilli, I., Ragusa, F., Biricotti, M., Materazzi, G., Miccoli, P., & Antonelli, A. (2016) · Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery · doi:10.1080/17425247.2016.1227782 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
The majority of Danish nontoxic goitre patients are ineligible for Levothyroxine suppressive therapy
Fast, S., Bonnema, S. J., & Hegedűs, L. D. (2008) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2008.03241.x · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Self-citationCerqueira, C., Knudsen, N. J., Ovesen, L., Laurberg, P., Perrild, H., Rasmussen, L. B., & Jørgensen, T. (2011) · European Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s10654-011-9590-5 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Thvilum, M., Brandt, F., Brix, T. H., & Hegedűs, L. D. (2014) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2014-1407 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Self-citationBrix, T. H., Ferløv-Schwensen, C., Thvilum, M., & Hegedűs, L. D. (2019) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-019-01946-5 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationWang, X., Zhang, Y., Tan, H., Bai, Y., Zhou, L., Fang, F., Faramand, A. M., Chong, W., & Hai, Y. (2020) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.06.034 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Bednarczuk, T., Attanasio, R., Hegedüs, L., Nagy, E. V., Negro, R., Papini, E., Perros, P., & Ruchała, M. (2021) · Endokrynologia Polska · doi:10.5603/ep.a2021.0048 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationKraut, E., & Farahani, P. (2015) · Clinical and investigative medicine · doi:10.25011/cim.v38i6.26194 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Forleo, R., Grani, G., Alfò, M., Zilioli, V., Giubbini, R., Zatelli, M. C., Gagliardi, I., Piovesan, A., Ragni, A., Morelli, S., et al. (2021) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/thy.2021.0248 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Different formulations of levothyroxine for treating hypothyroidism: a real-life study
Trimboli, P., Scappaticcio, L., De Bellis, A., Maiorino, M. I., Knappe, L., Esposito, K., Bellastella, G., & Giovanella, L. (2020) · International Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1155/2020/4524759 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Yi, W., Kim, B. H., Kim, M., Kim, J., Im, M., Ryang, S., Kim, E. H., Jeon, Y. K., Kim, S. S., & Kim, I. J. (2022) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/thy.2021.0634 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Bednarczuk, T., Attanasio, R., Hegedüs, L., Nagy, E. V., Negro, R., Papini, E., Perros, P., & Ruchała, M. (2021) · Endokrynologia Polska · doi:10.5603/ep.a2021.0048 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationPerros, P., Nagy, E. V., Papini, E., Van Der Feltz-Cornelis, C. M., Weetman, A. P., Hay, H. A., Abad-Madroñero, J., Tallett, A. J., Bilas, M., Lakwijk, P., et al. (2023) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/thy.2022.0641 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationLarsen, C. B., Winther, K. H., Cramon, P. K., Rasmussen, Å. K., Feldt‐Rasmussen, U., Knudsen, N. J., Bjørner, J. B., Schomburg, L., Demircan, K., Chillon, T. S., et al. (2024) · European Thyroid Journal · doi:10.1530/etj-23-0175 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationPlanck, T., Lantz, M., Perros, P., Papini, E., Attanasio, R., Nagy, E. V., & Hegedűs, L. D. (2021) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.795111 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationVardarli, I., Brandenburg, T., Hegedűs, L. D., Attanasio, R., Nagy, E. V., Papini, E., Perros, P., Weidemann, F., Herrmann, K., & Führer, D. (2022) · Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes · doi:10.1055/a-1832-0644 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationRisks of suboptimal and excessive thyroid hormone replacement across ages
Feldt-Rasmussen, U., Effraimidis, G., Bliddal, S., & Klose, M. (2023) · Journal of Endocrinological Investigation · doi:10.1007/s40618-023-02229-7 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Perros, P., Hegedűs, L. D., Nagy, E. V., Papini, E., Hay, H. A., Abad-Madroñero, J., Tallett, A. J., Bilas, M., Lakwijk, P., & Poots, A. J. (2022) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/thy.2022.0324 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Self-citationT4+T3 Combination Therapy: An Unsolved Problem of Increasing Magnitude and Complexity
Wiersinga, W. M. (2021) · Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.3803/enm.2021.501 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Galofré, J. C., Attanasio, R., Hegedűs, L. D., Nagy, E. V., Negro, R., Papini, E., Perros, P., & Díez, J. J. (2021) · Endocrinología Diabetes y Nutrición · doi:10.1016/j.endinu.2021.07.003 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Self-citationBuffet, C., Belin, L., Attanasio, R., Negro, R., Hegedüs, L., Nagy, E. V., Papini, E., Perros, P., & Leenhardt, L. (2021) · Annales d Endocrinologie · doi:10.1016/j.ando.2021.11.002 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationYounes, Y. R., Perros, P., Hegedüs, L., Papini, E., Nagy, E. V., Attanasio, R., Negro, R., & Field, B. C. T. (2023) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/cen.14812 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationBurlacu, M., Attanasio, R., Hegedűs, L. D., Nagy, E. V., Papini, E., Perros, P., Sawadogo, K. A., Bex, M., Corvilain, B., Daumerie, C., et al. (2022) · Thyroid Research · doi:10.1186/s13044-022-00121-9 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationPaschou, S. Α., Alevizaki, M. K., Attanasio, R., Hegedűs, L. D., Nagy, E. V., Papini, E., Perros, P., & Vryonidou, A. (2021) · HORMONES · doi:10.1007/s42000-021-00335-w · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationPajzsmirigyhormon-kezelési szokások Magyarországon.
Berta, E., Lengyel, I. M., Hegedűs, L. D., Papini, E., Perros, P., Negro, R., Attanasio, R., Nagy, V., & Bodor, M. (2022) · Orvosi Hetilap · doi:10.1556/650.2022.32412 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationJiskra, J., Paleček, J., Attanasio, R., Hegedűs, L. D., Nagy, E. V., Papini, E., Perros, P., Negro, R., & Kršek, M. (2022) · BMC Endocrine Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12902-022-01027-1 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citationCharacteristics of specialists treating hypothyroid patients: the “THESIS” collaborative
Žarković, M., Attanasio, R., Nagy, E. V., Negro, R., Papini, E., Perros, P., Cohen, C. A., Akarsu, E., Alevizaki, M. K., Ayvaz, G., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1225202 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citationMedically not yet explained symptoms in hypothyroidism
Hegedűs, L. D., Feltz-Cornelis, C. M. V. D., Papini, E., Nagy, E. V., Weetman, A. P., & Perros, P. (2024) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/s41574-024-01022-7 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citationTreatment of Obesity with Thyroid hormones in Europe. Data from the THESIS* Collaboration
Galofré, J. C., Díez, J. J., Attanasio, R., Nagy, E. V., Negro, R., Papini, E., Perros, P., Žarković, M., Akarsu, E., Alevizaki, M. K., et al. (2024) · Journal of Endocrinological Investigation · doi:10.1007/s40618-024-02409-z · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citationCassemiro, J. F., Ilera, V., Batallés, S. M., Reyes, A., Nagy, E. V., Papini, E., Perros, P., Hegedűs, L. D., & Ramos, H. E. (2023) · Thyroid Research · doi:10.1186/s13044-023-00182-4 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citationAttanasio, R., Žarković, M., Papini, E., Nagy, E. V., Negro, R., Perros, P., Akarsu, E., Alevizaki, M., Ayvaz, G., Bednarczuk, T., et al. (2024) · Thyroid® · doi:10.1089/thy.2023.0580 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationMustafa, M., Ali, E., McGowan, A., McCabe, L., Hegedűs, L. D., Attanasio, R., Nagy, E. V., Papini, E., Perros, P., & Moran, C. (2022) · Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -) · doi:10.1007/s11845-022-03235-z · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationLafontaine, N., Brown, S. J., Perros, P., Papini, E., Nagy, E. V., Attanasio, R., Hegedűs, L. D., & Walsh, J. P. (2024) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/cen.15049 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationRiis, K. R., Larsen, C. B., & Bonnema, S. J. (2024) · Thyroid® · doi:10.1089/thy.2023.0649 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationAyvaz, G., Akarsu, E., Attanasio, R., Hegedűs, L. D., Nagy, E. V., Papini, E., & Perros, P. (2022) · Endocrinology research and practice. · doi:10.5152/tjem.2022.22024 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationNedeljković-Beleslin, B., Attanasio, R., Hegedűs, L. D., Nagy, E. V., Negro, R., Papini, E., Perros, P., Ćirić, J., & Žarković, M. (2022) · Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo · doi:10.2298/sarh211221110n · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationPuga, F., Simões, H., Melo, M., Attanasio, R., Hegedűs, L. D., Nagy, E. V., Papini, E., Perros, P., & Freitas, C. (2022) · Revista Portuguesa de Endocrinologia Diabetes e Metabolismo · doi:10.26497/ao210050 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citationThyroxine overuse and clinical indices guiding successful treatment withdrawal
Livadas, S., Angelopoulos, N., Κόλλιας, Α., Paparodis, R. D., Androulakis, I., Anagnostis, P. G., Boniakos, A., Askitis, D. P., Μacut, D., Jaume, J. C., et al. (2025) · Journal of Endocrinological Investigation · doi:10.1007/s40618-025-02543-2 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Galofré, J. C., Attanasio, R., Hegedűs, L. D., Nagy, E. V., Negro, R., Papini, E., Perros, P., & Díez, J. J. (2022) · Endocrinología Diabetes y Nutrición (English ed ) · doi:10.1016/j.endien.2022.07.001 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citationEnhanced Well-Being Associated with Thyrotoxicosis: A Neglected Effect of Thyroid Hormones?
Perros, P., & Hegedűs, L. D. (2022) · Intern J Endocrinol Metab · doi:10.5812/ijem-127230 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Self-citationLudgate, S., McGowan, A., Moran, C., Attanasio, R., Žarković, M., Nagy, E. V., Negro, R., Papini, E., Cohen, C. A., Akarsu, E., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2025.1665720 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationChaikind, J., Pambianchi, H. L., & Bledowski, C. (2024) · Journal of the Academy of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaclp.2024.11.005 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Liu, A., Morrison, D., Hegedűs, L. D., Nagy, E. V., Papini, E., Perros, P., Attanasio, R., Negro, R., Uum, S. H. M. V., Nygaard, B., et al. (2025) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/cen.70009 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citationSocioeconomic influence on treatment with liothyronine and desiccated thyroid extract in Denmark
la Cour, J. L., Møllehave, L. T., Medici, B. R., Jensen, C. Z., Bjerregaard, A. A., & Nygaard, B. (2022) · European Thyroid Journal · doi:10.1530/etj-22-0149 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Thyroid hormone use in clinical practice by Israeli endocrinologists: a THESIS* questionnaire survey
Sasson, L., Kaminer, K., Cohen, C. A., Hegedűs, L. D., Negro, R., Nagy, E. V., Papini, E., Perros, P., Attanasio, R., & Robenshtok, E. (2025) · Thyroid Research · doi:10.1186/s13044-024-00219-2 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationPR Brussels-Satellite-Symposium
IBSA (2023) · Forum Médical Suisse ‒ Swiss Medical Forum · doi:10.4414/fms.2023.09377
PR Bruessel-Sateliten-Symposium
IBSA (2023) · Swiss Medical Forum ‒ Schweizerisches Medizin-Forum · doi:10.4414/smf.2023.09377
- Authors
- Riis, K. R., Frølich, J. S., Hegedüs, L., Negro, R., Attanasio, R., Nagy, E. V., Papini, E., Perros, P., & Bonnema, S. J.
- Affiliations
- Odense University Hospital (DK)
- Ospedale Vito Fazzi (IT)
- IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi - Sant'Ambrogio (IT)
- University of Debrecen (HU)
- Royal Victoria Infirmary (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Riis, K. R.
- Venue
- Journal of Endocrinological Investigation
- Published
- 2021-03-28
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 2435-2444
- ISSN
- 0391-4097 (ISSN-L)
- 1720-8386
- PMC
- PMC8004561
- OpenAlex
- W3151223243
- Cited by
- 37
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 6
- FWCI
- 6.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Endocrinological Investigation (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Debrecen Electronic Archive (University of Debrecen) (submittedVersion)
- Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity)
- Funders
- IBSA Institute Biochimique SA
- Danish Medicine Agency
- The Region of Southern Denmark
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Keywords
- hypothyroidism, levothyroxine, liothyronine, combination thyroid hormone therapy, euthyroid patients, thyroid autoantibodies, soft gel capsules, bioavailability
- MeSH terms
- Endocrinologists, Denmark, Drug Compounding, Drug Therapy, Combination, Humans, Hypothyroidism, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Surveys and Questionnaires, Thyroid Hormones, Thyroxine, Triiodothyronine, Patient Selection, Hormone Replacement Therapy, Symptom Assessment
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
