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Cited by 288Selenium in Biological SystemsThyroid Disorders and TreatmentsOrganoselenium and organotellurium chemistry

Selenium in thyroid disorders—essential knowledge for clinicians

Winther, Kristian Hillert, Rayman, Margaret Philomena, Bonnema, Steen Joop, Hegedüs, Laszlo·2020·Nature Reviews Endocrinology
DOI 10.1038/s41574-019-0311-6
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Abstract

In the 1990s, selenium was identified as a component of an enzyme that activates thyroid hormone; since this discovery, the relevance of selenium to thyroid health has been widely studied. Selenium, known primarily for the antioxidant properties of selenoenzymes, is obtained mainly from meat, seafood and grains. Intake levels vary across the world owing largely to differences in soil content and factors affecting its bioavailability to plants. Adverse health effects have been observed at both extremes of intake, with a narrow optimum range. Epidemiological studies have linked an increased risk of autoimmune thyroiditis, Graves disease and goitre to low selenium status. Trials of selenium supplementation in patients with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis have generally resulted in reduced thyroid autoantibody titre without apparent improvements in the clinical course of the disease. In Graves disease, selenium supplementation might lead to faster remission of hyperthyroidism and improved quality of life and eye involvement in patients with mild thyroid eye disease. Despite recommendations only extending to patients with Graves ophthalmopathy, selenium supplementation is widely used by clinicians for other thyroid phenotypes. Ongoing and future trials might help identify individuals who can benefit from selenium supplementation, based, for instance, on individual selenium status or genetic profile.

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  • Selenium might have a role in reducing TPO-Ab concentrations, although results and potential benefits from selenium supplementation studies have been inconsistent.

    “Selenium might have a role in reducing TPO-Ab concentrations, 168,169 although results and potential benefits from selenium supplementation studies have been inconsistent.170”

    From Hypothyroidism (2024) · cites this paper as [168]

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Authors
Winther, K. H., Rayman, M. P., Bonnema, S. J., & Hegedüs, L.
Affiliations
  • Odense University Hospital (DK)
  • University of Surrey (GB)
ORCID
Venue
Nature Reviews Endocrinology
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2020-01-30
Volume
16
Issue
3
Pages
165-176
ISSN
  • 1759-5029 (ISSN-L)
  • 1759-5037
DOI
10.1038/s41574-019-0311-6
OpenAlex
W3003442661
Semantic Scholar
57ab18c8dc3b78ed3f96b815ceb63cba076d7ab8
Cited by
288
References
153
Citations by year
2026: 32 · 2025: 53 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 60 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 15
FWCI
4.81
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Nature Reviews Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Open Research (University of Surrey) (submittedVersion)
  • Surrey Research Insight Open Access (The University of Surrey) (submittedVersion)
  • University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Selenium in Biological Systems
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Toxicology › Organoselenium and organotellurium chemistry
Keywords
selenium, thyroid dysfunction, selenium supplementation, selenoenzymes, thyroid hormone activation, autoimmune thyroiditis, Graves' disease, goiter, thyroid autoantibodies, Graves' ophthalmopathy, selenium status, selenium bioavailability, soil selenium
MeSH terms
Animals, Humans, Quality of Life, Selenium, Thyroid Diseases, Thyroid Gland, Thyroiditis, Autoimmune

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