The “Sustainable” in smart cities: ignoring the importance of urban ecosystems
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
National policies such as the Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation or the Smart Cities Mission tend to focus on infrastructural and technological solutions.
“Yet, national policies such as the Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation or the Smart Cities Mission tend to focus on infrastructural and technological solutions (81, 102).”
From Global synthesis and regional insights for mainstreaming urban nature-based solutions (2025) · cites this paper as [102]
Cites
Rules, Games, and Common-Pool Resources
Остром, Э., Gardner, R., & Walker, J. (1994) · University of Michigan Press eBooks · doi:10.3998/mpub.9739 · Cited by 3,756 · see citing works
Smart cities: Definitions, dimensions, performance, and initiatives
Albino, V., Berardi, U., & Dangelico, R. M. (2015) · Journal of Urban Technology · doi:10.1080/10630732.2014.942092 · Cited by 3,536 · see citing works
Will the real smart city please stand up?: Intelligent, progressive or entrepreneurial?
Hollands, R. G. (2008) · City · doi:10.1080/13604810802479126 · Cited by 3,025 · see citing works
Smartmentality: The Smart City as Disciplinary Strategy
Vanolo, A. (2013) · Urban Studies · doi:10.1177/0042098013494427 · Cited by 1,411 · see citing works
Smart cities as corporate storytelling
Söderström, O., Paasche, T. F., & Klauser, F. (2014) · City · doi:10.1080/13604813.2014.906716 · Cited by 1,007 · see citing works
Smart city policies: A spatial approach
Angelidou, M. (2014) · Cities · doi:10.1016/j.cities.2014.06.007 · Cited by 986 · see citing works
Critical interventions into the corporate smart city
Hollands, R. G. (2015) · Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society · doi:10.1093/cjres/rsu011 · Cited by 931 · see citing works
The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity: Recent Instances for Debate
Rodríguez‐Labajos, B., & Alier, J. M. (2013) · Conservation and Society · doi:10.4103/0972-4923.125744 · Cited by 642 · see citing works
New urban utopias of postcolonial India
Datta, A. (2015) · Dialogues in Human Geography · doi:10.1177/2043820614565748 · Cited by 601 · see citing works
Cauvain, J., & Kingston, R. (2013) · Environment and Planning A Economy and Space · doi:10.1068/a46242 · Cited by 416 · see citing works
Urban sustainability: an inevitable goal of landscape research
Wu, J. (2009) · Landscape Ecology · doi:10.1007/s10980-009-9444-7 · Cited by 320 · see citing works
Effect of street trees on microclimate and air pollution in a tropical city
Vailshery, L. S., Jaganmohan, M., & Nagendra, H. (2013) · Urban forestry & urban greening · doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2013.03.002 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
Self-citationStreet trees in Bangalore: Density, diversity, composition and distribution
Nagendra, H., & Gopal, D. (2010) · Urban forestry & urban greening · doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2009.12.005 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Self-citationSmart cities: an effective urban development and management model?
Yiğitcanlar, T. (2015) · Australian Planner · doi:10.1080/07293682.2015.1019752 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Tree diversity, distribution, history and change in urban parks: studies in Bangalore, India
Nagendra, H., & Gopal, D. (2010) · Urban Ecosystems · doi:10.1007/s11252-010-0148-1 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Self-citationNagendra, H. (2016) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199465927.001.0001 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Self-citationHaarstad, H. (2016) · Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning · doi:10.1080/1523908x.2016.1245610 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Smarter than Smart: Rio de Janeiro's Flawed Emergence as a Smart City
Gaffney, C. T., & Robertson, C. (2016) · Journal of Urban Technology · doi:10.1080/10630732.2015.1102423 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Sustainable cities: research and practice challenges
Williams, K. (2009) · International Journal of Urban Sustainable Development · doi:10.1080/19463131003654863 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
A 100 smart cities, a 100 utopias
Datta, A. (2015) · Dialogues in Human Geography · doi:10.1177/2043820614565750 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Changes in Public Commons as a Consequence of Urbanization: The Agara Lake in Bangalore, India
D’Souza, R., & Nagendra, H. (2011) · Environmental Management · doi:10.1007/s00267-011-9658-8 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Self-citationThe allure of ‘smart city’ rhetoric
Watson, V. (2015) · Dialogues in Human Geography · doi:10.1177/2043820614565868 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Spatial assessment of climate change vulnerability at city scale: A study in Bangalore, India
Kumar, P., Geneletti, D., & Nagendra, H. (2016) · Land Use Policy · doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.08.018 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Self-citationECOLOGICAL APPROACHES IN PLANNING FOR SUSTAINABLE CITIES A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE (REVIEW PAPER)
Yiğitcanlar, T., & Dizdaroğlu, D. (2014) · QUT ePrints (Queensland University of Technology) · doi:10.7508/gjesm.2015.02.008 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Graying, greening and fragmentation in the rapidly expanding Indian city of Bangalore
Nagendra, H., Nagendran, S., Paul, S., & Pareeth, S. (2012) · Landscape and Urban Planning · doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2012.01.014 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Self-citationVegetation in Bangalore’s Slums: Boosting Livelihoods, Well-Being and Social Capital
Gopal, D., & Nagendra, H. (2014) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su6052459 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Self-citationWhere’s Wally? In Search of Citizen Perspectives on the Smart City
Thomas, V., Wang, D., Mullagh, L., & Dunn, N. (2016) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su8030207 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Plant diversity and distribution in urban domestic gardens and apartments in Bangalore, India
Jaganmohan, M., Vailshery, L. S., Gopal, D., & Nagendra, H. (2012) · Urban Ecosystems · doi:10.1007/s11252-012-0244-5 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Self-citationPatterns of Insect Abundance and Distribution in Urban Domestic Gardens in Bangalore, India
Jaganmohan, M., Vailshery, L. S., & Nagendra, H. (2013) · Diversity · doi:10.3390/d5040767 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Self-citationCity–forest relationship in Nagpur: One of the greenest cities of India
Chaturvedi, A., Kamble, R. B., Patil, N. G., & Chaturvedi, A. (2012) · Urban forestry & urban greening · doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2012.09.003 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
What the Eye Does Not See: The Yamuna in the Imagination of Delhi
Baviskar, A. (2017) · SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781526402059.n16 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Mundoli, S., Manjunath, B., & Nagendra, H. (2014) · International Journal of Urban Sustainable Development · doi:10.1080/19463138.2014.982124 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Self-citationRFID-plants in the smart city: Applications and outlook for urban green management
Luvisi, A., & Lorenzini, G. (2014) · Urban forestry & urban greening · doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2014.07.003 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Udayakumar, M., & Sekar, T. (2012) · Urban forestry & urban greening · doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2012.08.003 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Privatizing the commons: impact on ecosystem services in Bangalore’s lakes
Unnikrishnan, H., & Nagendra, H. (2014) · Urban Ecosystems · doi:10.1007/s11252-014-0401-0 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Self-citationNature in the City: Bengaluru in the Past, Present, and Future
Nagendra, H. (2016) · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Self-citationWhitehead, M. (2007) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203004098 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Cities are at the center of our environmental future
Sassen, S. (2010) · Revista de Ingeniería · doi:10.16924/revinge.31.8 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
The Domination of Strangers: Time, Emotion and the Making of the Modern State in Colonial India
WILSON, J. E. (2011) · Research Portal (King's College London) · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Sassen, S., & Dotan, N. (2011) · Global Environmental Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2011.03.018 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
limits and p ossibilities of Middle class associations as Urban collective actors
Kamath, L., & Vijayabaskar, M. (2009) · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Commons that provide: the importance of Bengaluru’s wooded groves for urban resilience
Mundoli, S., Manjunatha, B., & Nagendra, H. (2017) · International Journal of Urban Sustainable Development · doi:10.1080/19463138.2016.1264404 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citationSustainable Street Lighting Design Supported by Hypergraph-Based Computational Model
Sędziwy, A. (2015) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su8010013 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Vegetation in Bangalore’s Slums: Composition, Species Distribution, Density, Diversity, and History
Gopal, D., Nagendra, H., & Manthey, M. J. (2015) · Environmental Management · doi:10.1007/s00267-015-0467-3 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationPlanning as Commoning: Transformation of a Bangalore Lake
Sundaresan, J. (2011) · London School of Economics and Political Science Research Online (London School of Economics and Political Science) · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Bangalore Lake story: reflections on the spirit of a place
Baindur, M. (2014) · Journal of Cultural Geography · doi:10.1080/08873631.2013.873296 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 47 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Can cities become smart without being sustainable? A systematic review of the literature
Yiğitcanlar, T., Kamruzzaman, M., Foth, M., Sabatini‐Marques, J., da Costa, E., & Ioppolo, G. (2018) · Sustainable Cities and Society · doi:10.1016/j.scs.2018.11.033 · Cited by 750 · see citing works
Linking Urbanization and the Environment: Conceptual and Empirical Advances
Bai, X., McPhearson, T., Cleugh, H., Nagendra, H., Tong, X., Zhu, T., & Zhu, Y. (2017) · Annual Review of Environment and Resources · doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-102016-061128 · Cited by 423 · see citing works
Self-citationIdentifying the results of smart city development: Findings from systematic literature review
Lim, Y., Edelenbos, J., & Gianoli, A. (2019) · Cities · doi:10.1016/j.cities.2019.102397 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Urban ecosystem services and climate change: a dynamic interplay
Pandey, B., & Ghosh, A. (2023) · Frontiers in Sustainable Cities · doi:10.3389/frsc.2023.1281430 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Are smart city projects catalyzing urban energy sustainability?
Haarstad, H., & Wathne, M. W. (2019) · Energy Policy · doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2019.03.001 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Urban green and blue infrastructure: A critical analysis of research on developing countries
de Macedo, L. S. V., Picavet, M. E. B., de Oliveira, J. A. P., & Shih, W.-Y. (2021) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127898 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Dhyani, S., Lahoti, S. A., Khare, S., Pujari, P. R., & Verma, P. (2018) · International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction · doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2018.01.018 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Climate change adaptation in Indian cities: A review of existing actions and spaces for triple wins
Singh, C., Madhavan, M., Arvind, J., & Bazaz, A. B. (2021) · Urban Climate · doi:10.1016/j.uclim.2021.100783 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Diversity and Challenges of the Urban Commons: A Comprehensive Review
Feinberg, A., Ghorbani, A., & Herder, P. (2021) · International Journal of the Commons · doi:10.5334/ijc.1033 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Criteria for Smart City Identification: A Systematic Literature Review
Dashkevych, O., & Portnov, B. A. (2022) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su14084448 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
The smart city as mobile policy: Insights on contemporary urbanism
Wathne, M. W., & Haarstad, H. (2019) · Geoforum · doi:10.1016/j.geoforum.2019.12.003 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Review of peri-urban agriculture as a regional ecosystem service
Mulya, S. P., Putro, H. P. H., & Hudalah, D. (2023) · Geography and sustainability · doi:10.1016/j.geosus.2023.06.001 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Global synthesis and regional insights for mainstreaming urban nature-based solutions
McPhearson, T., Frantzeskaki, N., Ossola, A., Diep, L., Anderson, P. M. L., Blatch, T., Collier, M. J., Cook, E. M., Culwick Fatti, C., Grabowski, Z. J., et al. (2025) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2315910121 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
“Yet, national policies such as the Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation or the Smart Cities Mission tend to focus on infrastructural and technological solutions ( 81 , 102 ).”
Adhya, T., & Banerjee, S. (2022) · Wetlands · doi:10.1007/s13157-022-01588-w · Cited by 44 · see citing works
An assessment framework of global smart cities for sustainable development in a post-pandemic era
Qian, X., Chen, M., Zhao, F., & Ling, H. (2024) · Cities · doi:10.1016/j.cities.2024.104990 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Basu, S., Nagendra, H., Verburg, P. H., & Plieninger, T. (2023) · Landscape and Urban Planning · doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2023.104989 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citationDashkevych, O., & Portnov, B. A. (2023) · Sustainable Cities and Society · doi:10.1016/j.scs.2023.104711 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Human-centric, sustainability-driven approach to ranking smart cities worldwide
Dashkevych, O., & Portnov, B. A. (2023) · Technology in Society · doi:10.1016/j.techsoc.2023.102296 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Lakes of Bengaluru : the once living, but now endangered peri-urban commons
Mundoli, S., Manjunatha, B., & Nagendra, H. (2018) · doi:10.61933/wps.10.2018.3 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationPickett, S. T. A., Simone, A., Anderson, P., Sharifi, A., Barau, A. S., Hoover, F.-A., Childers, D. L., McPhearson, T., Muñoz‐Erickson, T. A., Pacteau, C., et al. (2024) · AMBIO · doi:10.1007/s13280-024-02001-y · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citationTOWARDS GREEN SMART CITIES: IMPORTANCE OF URBAN FORESTRY AND URBAN VEGETATION
Uçar, Z., Abdullah Emin, A. K. A. Y., & Bilici, E. (2020) · The international archives of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences/International archives of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences · doi:10.5194/isprs-archives-xliv-4-w3-2020-399-2020 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Chowhan, G., Sen, A., & Mukherjee, J. (2022) · GeoJournal · doi:10.1007/s10708-022-10644-1 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
How can we improve tourism service experiences: insights from multi-stakeholders’ interaction
Kar, A. K., Choudhary, S. K., & Ilavarasan, P. V. (2023) · DECISION · doi:10.1007/s40622-023-00338-z · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Thapa, P., Torralba, M., Dhanya, B., Nagendra, H., & Plieninger, T. (2023) · Ecosystems and People · doi:10.1080/26395916.2023.2223307 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Self-citationSmart cities in Jordan: Challenges and barriers
Alshamaila, Y., Papagiannidis, S., & Alsawalqah, H. I. (2024) · Cities · doi:10.1016/j.cities.2024.105327 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Urbanisation threats to dairy cattle health: Insights from Greater Bengaluru, India
Alam, S., Velayudhan, S. M., Dey, D. K., Adilieme, C., Malik, P. K., Bhatta, R., König, S., & Schlecht, E. (2023) · Tropical Animal Health and Production · doi:10.1007/s11250-023-03737-7 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Smart Cities: A Review of the Most Recent Literature
Hoffman, M. C. (2020) · Informatization Policy · doi:10.22693/niaip.2020.27.1.003 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Smart Urban Forest Management in East Africa: The Case of Nairobi and Kampala Cities
Chisika, S. N., & Yeom, C. (2023) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/21582440231194137 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
A Bibliometric Analysis on Smart Cities Related to Land Use
Bastanchury-López, M. T., & De‐Pablos‐Heredero, C. (2022) · Land · doi:10.3390/land11122132 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Nikolić, D., & Ewart, I. (2025) · Smart and Sustainable Built Environment · doi:10.1108/sasbe-01-2025-0024 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Tippu, J., Saravanasankar, S., Sankaranarayanan, B., Ali, S. M., Qarnain, S. S., & Karuppiah, K. (2022) · Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India) Series A · doi:10.1007/s40030-022-00704-7 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
The social boundary work of new middle-class organic gardeners in Bangalore, India
van Holstein, E. (2019) · Urban forestry & urban greening · doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2019.126432 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
A Multitier Approach to Estimating the Energy Efficiency of Urban Passenger Mobility
Gonçalves, D. N. S., Bandeira, R. A. D. M., da Costa, M. G., Góes, G. V., de Assis, T. F., D’Agosto, M. D. A., de Almeida, I. R. P. L., & de Freitas, R. R. (2020) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su122410263 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Lahoti, S. A., Lahoti, A., & Saitô, O. (2020) · Disaster Resilience and Green Growth · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-4712-6_15 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
An Urban Governance Framework for Including Environmental Migrants in Sustainable Cities
Kelman, I., & Clark‐Ginsberg, A. (2022) · Climate · doi:10.3390/cli10080121 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Franco, L. S., Franco, A. C., Doliveira, S. L. D., Maganhotto, R. F., & Magni, C. (2021) · Exacta · doi:10.5585/exactaep.2021.17877 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Deivanayagam, S., Maya, M., & Varma, S. (2025) · Urban Governance · doi:10.1016/j.ugj.2025.08.006 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Innovative Business Models for Smart Cities – A Systematic Research
Suresh, S., Renukappa, S., & Shetty, N. (2019) · International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering · doi:10.35940/ijitee.l1088.10812s19 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Mundoli, S., Sanfui, A., & Nagendra, H. (2023) · Urbanisation · doi:10.1177/24557471231202389 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citationNulkar, G. V. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-7379-8_11 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Thinking Beyond Fairy Lights and Fountains: Lessons from the Waterscape of Bengaluru
Unnikrishnan, H. (2018) · Ecology Economy and Society–the INSEE Journal · doi:10.37773/ees.v1i2.43 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationBergman, Z., Bergman, M. M., Vishwanath, S., Shridhar, V., Krishnamurthy, A., Gupta, A., & Obernosterer, J. (2026) · Water · doi:10.3390/w18101168 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
A Conceptual Framework to Manage Social Risks for Smart City Development Programs
Siavash, S., & Kim, K. P. (2022) · Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation/Advances in science, technology & innovation · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-98423-6_6 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Social-Ecological Dynamics of Green and Blue Infrastructure in the Indian Megacity of Bengaluru
Thapa, P., Lakshmisha, A., Dhanya, B., Nagendra, H., Plieninger, T., & Thiel, A. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-48012-6_15 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationA Multi-Tier Approach to Estimate Energy Efficiency in Urban Passenger MobilityPreprint
Gonçalves, D. N. S., Bandeira, R. A. D. M., de Assis, T. F., D'Agosto, M. A., Góes, G. V., de Almeida, I. R. P. L., da Costa, M. G., & de Freitas, R. R. (2020) · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-88316/v1
Setiawan, B. D., & Rusydi, A. N. (2023) · Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Ilmu Komputer · doi:10.25126/jtiik.1067554
Review of Land Use Planning and Planning Theory
Mulya, S. P., Maulidi, C., & Rustiadi, E. (2026) · International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development · doi:10.14246/irspsd.14.3_20
- Authors
- Mundoli, S., Unnikrishnan, H., & Nagendra, H.
- Affiliations
- Azim Premji University (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Mundoli, Seema
- Venue
- DECISION
- Published
- 2017-04-29
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 103-120
- ISSN
- 0304-0941 (ISSN-L)
- 2197-1722
- OpenAlex
- W2608997685
- Cited by
- 47
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 2.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- DECISION (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Azim Premji University (RC00035)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Media Technology › Smart Cities and Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Urban Green Space and Health
- Keywords
- smart cities, urban ecosystems, common-pool resources, urban commons, ecosystem services, provisioning services, urban green space, urban poverty, cultural ecosystem services, urban sustainability, India
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review